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Questions and Answers
What is the main aim of the International Fund for Agricultural Development?
Which factor contributes to the emergence of global governance?
How do traditional governance challenges impact states?
What do global social movements typically represent?
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Which of the following is a consequence of globalization for governments?
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What challenge do national identity movements pose to states?
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Which global issue often necessitates the involvement of multiple nation-states for resolution?
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In the context of global governance, what effect do declining nation-state powers have?
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What is one of the main requirements for countries to participate in a trading bloc?
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Which of the following best describes trade diversion?
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What is a primary function of International Financial Institutions (IFIs)?
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Which of the following statements is true about the Asian Development Bank (ADB)?
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What aspect of globalization does economic globalization highlight?
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What is a significant impact of creation of trade blocs on global trade?
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How do International Financial Institutions (IFIs) primarily aim to improve living conditions?
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Which organization was established to finance projects specifically in Latin America and the Caribbean?
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What are the primary characteristics of the Global North?
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What is the primary function of the United Nations International Criminal Court (ICC)?
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What role does NATO play in global security?
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How does the World Trade Organization (WTO) primarily aim to facilitate international trade?
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What distinguishes the Global South from the Global North?
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Which organization is specifically responsible for maritime law disputes?
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Which of the following agreements allows for tax-free trade between the United States, Canada, and Mexico?
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What does regionalism refer to in the context of globalization?
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Study Notes
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
- Also known as World Court, located in Hague, Netherlands
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
- Established in 1974, aims to eliminate rural poverty in developing countries by providing aid for agricultural development.
- Supports rural programs that empower women and the rural poor.
Global Governance in the 21st Century
- Factors behind the emergence of global governance.
- Declining power of nation-states
- Borders of nation-states
- Vast flow of digital information through the Internet
- Migration of people
- Homogenous events within nation-state
- Global problem that a single nation-state cannot handle on its own.
- Global financial crisis which nations are often unable to deal with on their own.
Effect of Globalization to Governments
- Traditional Governance Challenges
- External intervention as invasion by other countries and internal political challenge can also happen.
- Challenges from National Identity movements
- It is important to know that a nation has cultural identity that people attached to. Different people with different identities can live in different states.
- Global Economics
- Demands the states to conform to the rule of pre-marketed capitalism.
- Global Social (Transnational) Movement
- Refers to people that are spontaneous or that emerge through enormous grass roots organization.
- Occurs across countries and across borders - states have less control over them.
Disadvantages of Economic Integration
- Creation of Trading Blocs - Increase trade barriers against non-member countries.
- Trade Diversion - Because of trade barriers, trade is diverted toward a non-member country despite their inefficiency in cost.
- National Sovereignty - Requires members countries to give up some degree of control over policies like trade, monetary and fiscal.
The Global Interstate System
- Commonly called as international system
- Refers to the whole system of human interaction structured politically as a system of competing and allying states. It focuses on the field of international relations.
International Financial Institution (IFI)
- Play a major role in the social and economic development programs of nations.
- Reduce global poverty and improve people's living conditions and standards.
- Provide technical and advisory assistance to borrowing nations and conduct extensive research on development issues.
List of IFIs
- European Investment Bank (EIB) - Started 1958 by the Treaty of Rome
- Raise funds from external markets and finances capital projects within the EU.
- Integration, balanced development, economic and social cohesion of EU countries.
- European Union (EU) - Founded on Nov. 1, 1993 in Maastricht, Netherlands.
- It consists of 27 countries located in Brussels, Belgium.
- Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) - Regional Development Bank established 1959
- USA provided 350millionofthebank′sinitialcapitalof350 million of the bank's initial capital of 350millionofthebank′sinitialcapitalof1 billion.
- Finances projects in Latin America and the Caribbean.
- Asian Development Bank (ADB)
- Multilateral development financial institution set up in 1966, located in Manila, Philippines.
- 48 out of 67 countries are developing countries.
- It aims to alleviate poverty and improvement in quality of life in developing member countries.
Economic Globalization
- Refers to the increasing interdependence of world economies as a result of the growing scale of cross-border trade of commodities and services.
The Global North and Global South
- Global North
- Represents the economically developed societies of Europe
- North America, Australia, Israel, and South Africa
- Wealthy, technologically advanced, politically stable and aging as their societies tend toward zero population growth.
- Home to all G8 (Group of Eight) highly industrial nations:
- Global South
- Represents the economically backward countries of Africa, developing
- Agrarian-based, dependent economically and politically
United Nation International Criminal Court (ICC)
- Located in Hague, Netherlands
- Independent judicial body with jurisdiction over person charged with genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes
United Nation International Tribunal for Law of the Sea (ITLOS)
- Based in Hamburg Germany
- Intergovernmental organization created by the mandate of the Third United Nation Conference on the Law of the Sea
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
- Founded on April 4, 1949 in Washington D.C., USA
- Created after World War 2. Defensive treaty, or a military alliance between USA, Canada, and 25 European countries.
World Trade Organization (WTO)
- Made up of 162 countries. Created with the goal of increasing free trade.
- Countries can buy and sell goods from one another without paying taxes or import tariffs.
- Tariff - used to protect businesses and companies inside their country
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
- Economic treaty between United States, Canada, and Mexico in which can trade without taxing each other and created Trade block in North America.
- Trade bloc - Is an intergovernmental agreement, often part of a regional intergovernmental organization.
- Barriers to trade are reduced or eliminated among the participating states.
Regionalism
- Government, associations, societies, and groups from regional organizations or network as a way of coping with the challenges of globalization.
- Treated as an emergent, socially constructed phenomenon meaning regions are not natural or given, they are constructed and defined by policymakers, economic actors or even social movement.
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Description
Explore the roles and impacts of key international organizations like the International Court of Justice and the International Fund for Agricultural Development. This quiz also delves into the challenges posed by globalization to traditional governance structures. Test your understanding of these critical issues in global governance today.
