Construction Techniques Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Name two kinds of different piles.

Displacement Pile(Steel-H piles), Replacement Pile(Barrettes)

What is the advantage of using Tremie pipes?

to prevent concrete contamination

Suppose we have three formworks: column, slab and beams. Which formwork could be removed first/earlier?

Wall and Columns (because it can stand on his own)

How long does it take to remove these three formworks (column, slab and beams)?

<p>The beam and slab take around 2 weeks, and the wall takes around 24 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of pump can be used in dewatering?

<p>Suction Pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is self-compacting concrete?

<p>Highly workable and even pumpable</p> Signup and view all the answers

What materials is added into the concrete so that it could become self-compacting?

<p>superplasticizer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose you have a super tall building; what kind of formwork is used for the slab construction, which could speed up the construction?

<p>Fly Form/Table Form</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main steels for the Continuous Beam?

<p>Top Steel (cantilever) and Bottom Steel (Span) is for the RC beam RC Column is for the Top Steel (Over Column) And over several span</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main steels for the Simply Supported Beam?

<p>one span only, main steel will be bottom steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

As there will be joint problems with precast structures, which joint is better for improving water tightness?

<p>Wet Joint: Monolithic Joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which construction equipment is more silent?

<p>Hydraulic Vibrator Machine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the critical temperature of a structure that will lose half its strength in a fire?

<p>600C</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose in construction site, I want to move the wall tile of sinks from ground elevation to the fifth floor. What construction machines or plant should use to pick up this wall tile?

<p>Material Hoist</p> Signup and view all the answers

We got two kinds of materials, epoxy and silicone. Which one is suitable for water tightness jointing?

<p>Silicone</p> Signup and view all the answers

What materials should be used in the cover spaces?

<p>Plastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are three types of systems in curtain wall, which one is the most famous one?

<p>Unitised System</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one is the most popular displacement pile in HK?

<p>Steel H Pile</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the machine for bored pile installation?

<p>Temporary steel casing, Hydraulic oscillator, Chisel, RCD with roller bit, Underway mark, Install the steel reinforcement cage, Tremie pipe and hoper</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Common Pile Tests?

<p>Dynamic load test, Static load test, Sonic load test, Sonic logging test, Standard Penetration test, Core Drilling, Vibration test, Lateral Load test, Tension test</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages of the top-down method?

<p>Excavation takes up a lot of time, The top-down construction method can reduce the construction time for the project, Basement and the superstructure can be constructed at the same time, More advantage weathertight working condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

For deep basements, what methods should be used depending on the depth?

<p>For depths more than 20 meters, use diaphragm wall + top-down method. For depths less than 10 to 20 meters, use Steel Sheet Piling and Cofferdams (Bottom Up method)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential Risk for building basement?

<p>Soil Collapse, Worker's Safety, Disruption of underground utilities, Neighboring buildings foundations settlement, Ground Water / Flooding</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages of precast concrete?

<p>Demand on Skilled Labor, Reliable Quality Control , Consistent s Higher Quality, Reduce No. of Separate Operations, Better Continuity of Operation, Faster Construction, Environmentally Friendly, Prestressed Concrete, Safer, Higher Productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Once the site had adopted prefabrication, what are the important considerations for prefabrication on site plan?

<p>Make sure the tower crane can pick up the material, The area in storing the prefabricated material, The internal access</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pile Types

  • Two types of piles exist: displacement piles (e.g., steel H piles) and replacement piles (e.g., barrettes).

Tremie Pipes

  • Tremie pipes are used to prevent concrete contamination during placement.

Formwork Removal Priority

  • Walls and columns can be removed first as they can support themselves.
  • Beams and slabs need to be supported, so they are removed later.
  • Wall formwork removal takes around 24 hours.
  • Beam and slab formwork removal takes approximately 2 weeks

Dewatering Pumps

  • Submerged pumps and suction pumps can be used for dewatering.

Self-Compacting Concrete

  • Self-compacting concrete is highly workable and pumpable.
  • Superplasticizer is added to achieve these properties.

Formwork for Tall Buildings

  • Fly form and table form are used for speeding up slab construction in very tall buildings.

Steel Reinforcement in Beams

  • Continuous beams use top and bottom steel (including cantilever sections) and top steel over columns.
  • Simply supported beams only use bottom steel.

Joint Problems in Precast Construction

  • Wet joints (monolithic joints) are better than dry joints (using gaskets/sealants). This is because in-situ topping concrete filling gaps eliminates the need for unreliable seals.

Silent Construction Equipment

  • Hydraulic vibrator machines are known for their quiet operation.

Structural Damage from Fire

  • Steel and concrete structures lose half their strength at 600°C.

Materials Handling for Wall Tiles

  • Material hoists are used to move wall tiles from ground level to higher floors.

Water Tightness Sealants

  • Silicone is the most effective sealant for water tightness.
  • Epoxy is for issues such as concrete spalling repair.

Cover Spacers

  • Plastic spacers are typically used in formwork to support rebar and keep it in place.

Curtain Wall System

  • Unitised curtain wall systems are most common, due to their effectiveness and cost-efficiency.

Bored Pile Installation Machines

  • Bored pile installation uses temporary steel casing, hydraulic oscillator, chisel, and RCD with roller bits.

Common Pile Tests

  • Common pile tests include dynamic load tests, static load tests, sonic logging tests, standard penetration tests, core drilling, vibration testing, lateral load tests, and tension tests.

Top-Down Construction Advantages

  • Top-down methods reduce construction time by allowing basement and superstructure construction simultaneously.

  • They also allow for weather-tight working conditions.

Deep Basement Construction Methods

  • Diaphragm walls and top-down methods are used for deep basements (over 20m).
  • Steel sheet piling and cofferdams are used for shallower basements (10-20m).

Basement Construction Risks

  • Basement construction risks include soil collapse, worker safety, underground utility disruption, neighboring building foundation issues, and ground water/flooding.

Precast Concrete Advantages

  • Precast concrete is more consistent in quality due to factory controls.

  • It often uses semi-skilled workers, which reduces labor cost.

  • Indoor factory production of components means protection from inclement weather.

  • Robots aid consistency, and pre-assembly offers better compaction.

Precast Concrete Considerations

  • Windows should be cast before concrete pouring for less water leakage risk and waterproofing layers are used on the floor slab.

Precast Construction Benefits

  • Reduced construction times, weather-independent operations, and higher productivity.
  • Fewer different trades reduce possible conflicts, and formwork use is reduced.
  • Factory-produced components minimize onsite material wastage and reduce noise/air pollution.

Prefabrication Site Plan Considerations

  • Consider the tower crane's capacity and reach to ensure it can handle the materials.
  • The area for storing prefabricated materials should match daily consumption rates.
  • Design adequate internal access to allow for materials delivery and worker or machine movement.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various construction techniques, including pile types, formwork removal priorities, and the use of self-compacting concrete. This quiz covers essential concepts for modern construction methods and materials. Perfect for students and professionals in the field of civil engineering.

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