Questions and Answers
What is the bonding material for concrete?
Cement
What is the chemical reaction consuming water called?
Hydration
What test is commonly required to assess the loss of durability in asphalt concrete?
Thin-film oven test (TFOT)
What is the mass divided by apparent volume known as?
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What is the energy released as heat during the hydration reaction of Portland cement called?
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Study Notes
Cement and Concrete
- Cement is a bonding material that adheres to two adjacent solid surfaces and is a key component of concrete.
- Portland cement is a type of hydraulic cement, composed of calcium silicate and aluminate, widely used for structural concrete.
Density
- Apparent density is the mass of a material divided by its apparent volume, including closed pores.
- Bulk density is the mass of a material divided by its total volume, including pores.
- True density is the mass of a material divided by its true (pore-free) volume.
Hydration
- Hydration is a chemical reaction between a solid and water, resulting in a new solid product (e.g., Solid1 + H2O → Solid2).
- Heat of hydration is the energy released as heat during the hydration reaction, such as during the hydration of Portland cement.
Asphalts and Asphalt Concrete
- Asphalts can "age" by hardening and becoming embrittled, leading to cracking and loss of cohesion in asphalt concrete.
- This loss of durability is associated with evaporation and oxidation of the asphalt, leading to the requirement of a thin-film oven test (TFOT).
Porosity
- Pores impermeable are pores without access to surrounding fluids.
- Porosity is a measure of the percentage of void space in a material.
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