Construction Anchoring Techniques Quiz
41 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a notable feature of under slab anchors?

  • They are commonly used in all wall systems.
  • They are not compatible with curtain wall systems.
  • They require frequent replacement due to wear.
  • They are typically used only under special conditions. (correct)

What component is used to provide vertical and lateral movement in the anchor system?

  • A cylindrical anchor block
  • A cut hole in the vertical leg of the angle (correct)
  • A welding joint
  • A locking nut

What is recommended for the welds of anchor bolts in the anchor system?

  • Waterproof coating to prevent rusting
  • No inspection needed as they are inherently strong
  • Final inspection as they are structural elements (correct)
  • Regular inspection and immediate repainting

In which wall systems are sophisticated anchors most commonly found?

<p>Unitized wall systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of glass behavior in construction?

<p>Glass can behave elastically until it reaches failure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What additional requirement must be satisfied for internal anchoring of curtain walls extending to grade?

<p>Considerations for air seal closures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common application does flat glass usually involve in curtain walls?

<p>Wind-loading perpendicular to the glass surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of Tilt-Up construction in elevator shafts?

<p>It eliminates delays caused by other construction trades. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dynamic façade requires user input to function effectively?

<p>User-control dynamic façade (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Kiefer Technic Showroom's façade respond to external conditions?

<p>It adjusts by shifting and folding tiles based on weather. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature is essential for a building to achieve a 4-hour fire rating?

<p>7.2-inch concrete walls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of light projection dynamic façades?

<p>They create optical illusions that change with viewer perspective. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary safety concern associated with annealed glass?

<p>It breaks into large jagged shards. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of glass is known for being three to five times more resistant to impact and thermal stresses than annealed glass?

<p>Tempered glass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unique feature does laminated glass offer when broken?

<p>It retains the glass shards. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process does heat strengthened glass undergo that differs from annealed glass?

<p>It is reheated beyond its annealing point. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wired glass is primarily used for its ability to prevent what in the event of breakage?

<p>Complete shattering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of glass is most likely to require additional lamination in buildings for enhanced strength?

<p>Heat strengthened glass (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is pattern glass characterized?

<p>It has a geometric surface pattern formed during rolling. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage does tempered glass have over annealed glass after fabrication?

<p>It is stronger and safer. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using polyvinyl butyric resin in laminated glass?

<p>To bond glass sheets together. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of obscure glass?

<p>It has one or both sides acid-etched or sandblasted. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process weakens the glass while making it difficult to clean?

<p>Acid-etching (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of spandrel glass?

<p>To conceal structural elements in curtain wall construction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is insulating glass constructed?

<p>With two or more sheets of glass separated by an air space. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of tinted glass?

<p>It has an applied coating or a chemical admixture. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material primarily imparts a grayish tint in tinted glass?

<p>Cobalt oxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinctive feature of reflective glass?

<p>It has a thin, translucent metallic coating. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of low emissivity (low-E) glass?

<p>It transmits visible light while reflecting longer wavelengths of radiant heat. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tilt-up construction system primarily used for?

<p>Prefabricating concrete wall sections in a horizontal position. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of glass units have hermetically sealed air spaces for insulation?

<p>Insulating glass (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the Tilt-Up construction process?

<p>Preparing the subgrade and placing the concrete floor slab. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What purpose do release agents serve in the Tilt-Up process?

<p>To facilitate the easy removal of formwork. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long is the waiting period for concrete to attain sufficient strength before lifting?

<p>1 week to 10 days. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important factor to consider when determining the height of wall panels?

<p>The vertical access requirements and necessary system allowances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens on lifting day in the Tilt-Up process?

<p>Panels are lifted by crane and set onto the foundation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically done to support wall panels until the roof structure is attached?

<p>Bracing is installed temporarily. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which design consideration affects both construction cost and schedule?

<p>The panel height and interior structural framing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must occur between wall panels after they are set in place?

<p>Patching to repair minor blemishes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are embedded items primarily used for in the Tilt-Up process?

<p>Lifting and bracing hardware. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs after the concrete is cured in the Tilt-Up construction process?

<p>Formwork is typically removed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Under slab anchor

A type of anchor typically used in specialized situations, often requiring specific conditions for installation.

Common Anchor

Frequently used in curtain wall systems, this anchor involves a steel angle welded to the mounting surface, with a cut hole for the anchor bolt. It allows for some vertical and lateral movement.

More sophisticated anchor

This anchor is typically found in unitized wall systems, eliminating field welding with a pre-welded threaded stud on the embed, extruded aluminum mounting lugs, and a separate dead load fixing screw.

Internal Anchors

Anchors used in curtain walls that extend to ground level, often cut from aluminum extrusions or built-up plates/angles, ensuring structural integrity and air seal closures.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Glass in Curtain Walls

Glass, a strong and rigid material, is used as a structural element in curtain walls. Its elastic behavior allows it to handle wind loading perpendicular to its surface. However, its brittle nature makes it susceptible to fractures under high stress or flaws.

Signup and view all the flashcards

In-plane forces in Glass

Forces acting in the same plane as the glass surface are typically carried by bearing blocks or setting blocks. These forces are relatively small compared to wind loads.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the unique considerations for glass in curtain walls?

Glass, a unique material, requires specific design strategies due to its brittle nature. It is strong and acts elastically, yet susceptible to fracture under high stress or flaws, making its application in curtain walls complex.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Annealed Glass

A type of glass that's cooled slowly to reduce internal stresses, making it stronger than unprocessed glass. While stronger than raw glass, it can still break into sharp shards.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Heat Strengthened Glass

A type of glass made by reheating annealed glass to over 1200 degrees Fahrenheit, then cooling slowly. It's twice as strong as annealed glass.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tempered Glass

Annealed glass reheated to just below where it softens, then rapidly cooled. This creates a strong surface layer and makes it much more resistant to impact and temperature changes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Laminated Glass

Two or more layers of glass bonded together with a strong plastic layer in between. This makes the glass very strong, and keeps the shards from breaking away even if the glass is shattered.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Wired Glass

Glass with a wire mesh embedded within it, designed to prevent shattering in case of breakage or extreme heat. It provides a strong safety barrier.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pattern Glass

A type of glass designed with a patterned surface created during a rolling process to either blur visual aspects or diffuse light.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What's the difference between annealed and tempered glass?

Annealed glass is cooled slowly, making it stronger than raw glass but still prone to sharp shards. Tempered glass is rapidly cooled, leading to a much stronger surface and breaking into small, less dangerous pieces when broken.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why is laminated glass considered safety glass?

Laminated glass has a plastic layer between the glass layers. This prevents shards from separating even when the glass breaks, making it much safer.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the purpose of wired glass in building design?

Wired glass is used in situations where breakage or fire poses a danger. The wire mesh prevents the glass from shattering severely, providing a safety barrier.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tilt-Up Construction

A building method where large concrete panels are cast horizontally on site and then lifted into place, offering speed and efficiency.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dynamic Façade

A building's exterior that actively responds to its environment, adjusting features like shading or lighting to optimize energy efficiency and comfort.

Signup and view all the flashcards

User-Control Dynamic Façade

A simple type of dynamic façade where building occupants directly control features like shading panels to regulate light and temperature.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Light-Projection Dynamic Façade

A type of dynamic façade that uses light projection to create visual illusions and alter the perceived appearance of the building.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Kiefer Technic Showroom

A modern building in Austria that utilizes a dynamic façade with 112 movable tiles, acting as a responsive shading system to regulate sunlight and reduce energy needs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Obscure Glass

Glass with one or both sides etched or sandblasted to make it difficult to see through. This process weakens the glass and makes cleaning challenging.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Spandrel Glass

Opaque glass used to hide structural elements in curtain wall construction. Ceramic frit is fused to the glass surface to create the opaque effect.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Insulating Glass

Two or more layers of glass separated by a sealed air space for better thermal insulation and preventing condensation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Glass Blocks

Blocks made of glass used to control light transmission, glare, and solar radiation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Reflective Glass

Glass with a metallic coating that reflects a portion of light and heat. This coating can be applied to a single layer of glass, between layers in laminated glass, or on the exterior or interior of insulating glass.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Low-E Glass

Glass that transmits visible light while reflecting longer wavelengths of radiant heat. A low-e coating is applied to the glass or a transparent plastic film in insulating glass.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the difference between obscure glass and frosted glass?

Obscure glass is made by etching or sandblasting, while frosted glass is textured during manufacturing. Obscure glass is more opaque and weaker than frosted glass.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How does tinted glass work?

Tinted glass has chemicals or coatings added that absorb a portion of the sunlight and heat that enters a building. Different colors are achieved using different chemicals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tilt-Up Panel Casting Base

The concrete floor slab that serves as the foundation for the wall panels to be cast and cured.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tilt-Up Panel Formwork

The temporary framework used to shape and support the concrete panels while they are being poured and cured.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tilt-Up Panel Lifting Hardware

Embedded steel inserts or brackets in the panels that allow for safe lifting and placement by a crane.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tilt-Up Panel Curing Time

The period of time (usually a week to 10 days) needed for the concrete to reach sufficient strength before the panels can be lifted.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tilt-Up Panel Connection

The process of joining the panels together, typically using grout, mortar, or other specialized fasteners.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tilt-Up Panel Design Considerations

Factors like building height, required access, mechanical/electrical systems, and interior framing that influence the design of the panels.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Building/Panel Height

The vertical dimension of the building and its panels, determined by factors like required access and internal systems.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Interior Structural Framing

The internal support system (beams, columns) within the building, which affects the height, cost, and schedule of construction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tilt-Up Planning

The initial phase of a Tilt-Up project that involves design considerations and decisions to create the building layout and plan.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Curtain Wall Systems

  • Curtain walls are non-load-bearing walls designed to resist wind, earthquake, and their own weight.
  • Early use was in medieval fortifications, later in Gothic cathedrals.
  • Today, any wall resisting lateral forces is considered a curtain wall.

Parts of a Curtain Wall

  • Anchors: Metal devices securing frames/panels to the building, allowing dimensional adjustment.
  • Girts: Horizontal members supporting wall sheathing/cladding between exterior columns.
  • Saifings: Non-combustible materials preventing fire spread between curtain walls and spandrel beams.
  • Spandrel Beams: Beams between columns supporting floor/roof edges.
  • Backup Walls: Materials behind curtain walls providing needed fire resistance.
  • Spandrels: Panel-like areas in multi-story buildings between window sills and heads.

Types of Panel Curtain Walls

  • Stick Type System: Tubular metal mullions and rails assembled on-site framing vision glass and spandrel units.
  • Panel System: Preformed metal, stone, concrete, or brick wall units (pre-glazed or glazed after installation).
  • Unit and Mullion System: One/two-story mullions installed, pre-assembled units lowered behind the mullions. Framed wall units may be pre-glazed or glazed later.
  • Column Cover and Spandrel System: Vision glass and spandrel units supported by spandrel beams between exterior columns. Column covers can be one piece or assembly.

Anchors

  • Curtain wall anchors connect the wall to the building.
  • They can be categorized as gravity/lateral load (fixed) or just lateral load (slotted).
  • Designs must allow for adjustment to site conditions and accommodate vertical movement but no out-of-plane movement.
  • Concrete embedded anchors are common.

Glass

  • Glass behaves differently than other building materials.
  • It can be a structural member and is strong/rigid, but is brittle and fractures at high stress.
  • Typical application in curtain walls involves wind loading perpendicular to the glass surface, supported on multiple sides.
  • Proper edge clearance is necessary to prevent in-plane motions from causing stresses.

Types of Glass

  • Annealed Glass: Cooled slowly, reducing internal stresses and improving strength and reducing shattering risk. Commonly used in architectural applications.
  • Heat Strengthened Glass: Annealed glass reheated and slowly cooled to increase strength. Can be twice as strong as annealed glass.
  • Tempered Glass: Annealed glass reheated and rapidly cooled creating compressive surface stresses for increased impact and thermal resistance. It breaks into small, harmless pieces.
  • Laminated Glass: Two or more glass plies bonded to an interlayer of material (e.g., polyvinyl butyral) to prevent shattering and absorb impact.
  • Wired Glass: Flat/patterned glass with a mesh embedded within. Improves wind and impact resilience.
  • Pattern Glass: Has a linear or geometric pattern to diffuse light or obscure vision.
  • Obscure Glass: Acid-etched or sandblasted to obscure vision.

Tilt-Up Construction

  • A precast concrete construction method where wall sections are prefabricated horizontally, tilted into vertical position, and connected to the building's structure.
  • Economical, fast, durable, fire-resistant, and low maintenance compared to other methods.
  • Suitable for various building types.

Dynamic Facades

  • Responsive systems reacting to the environment, either by user control or automatically.
  • Types include one-axis sliding, multi-axis sliding, folding, one-axis rotation.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Building Technology 5 Reviewer PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the various features and applications of anchoring systems in construction. This quiz covers key aspects such as under slab anchors, vertical and lateral movement components, and the behavior of glass in curtain walls. Enhance your understanding of sophisticated anchoring solutions used in contemporary building practices.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser