38 Questions
What is the main role of public policies in society?
To manage, calm, or repress tensions and problems in society
What is the primary goal of public policy analysis?
To improve the effectiveness of public policies through rationalization of State action
When did policy analysis as we know it today emerge?
1960s in the USA
What is the primary focus of the constraint state?
Condemning certain individual behaviors
What was the primary focus of 'cameral sciences'?
To describe the administration and improve the functioning of bureaucracy
What was the role of experts in the 1960s?
To support the government action
What is an example of a constraint policy?
Speed limitations
How was the State seen in the 1960s?
As a rational actor that can act efficiently and optimally against social problems
What is a limitation of the typology of public policies?
It is not exhaustive
What was the characteristic of policy analysis in the 1960s?
It was a practical discipline
What is a characteristic of public policies?
They are a series of decisions and interactive effects
What is the policy cycle divided into?
5 sequences
What was the goal of policy analysis in the 1960s?
To produce a knowledge that could be applied to the solving of social problems
Who introduced the sequential analysis model?
Charles Jones
What is a characteristic of the sequential analysis model?
It is a theoretically separable model
What is an example of a policy that combines multiple types of public policies?
Tobacco control policy
What is the primary goal of agenda-setting?
To identify a problem and bring it to the attention of the State
Which of the following is NOT a step in the agenda-setting process?
Formulating a solution
Who participates in the identification of problems in the agenda-setting process?
Both State and non-State actors
What is the primary goal of the decision-making process?
To develop a policy program
What is the role of the administration in the implementation process?
To make the solution concrete
What is the primary goal of the evaluation process?
To measure and analyze the results of a policy
What can the evaluation process sometimes lead to?
The identification of a new problem
What is the sequence of the policy-making process?
Agenda-setting, decision-making, implementation, evaluation
What is the primary focus of the agenda-setting theory?
Identifying the factors that lead to public debate and intervention on social issues
When did child sexual abuse become a public and political problem?
In the 1980s
Who were the main actors in bringing child sexual abuse to the public agenda?
Feminist activists
What was the role of child protection associations in addressing child sexual abuse?
They had a reactive position, responding to emerging problems
What was the primary goal of the study comparing three European countries?
To identify the factors that led to the emergence of child sexual abuse as a public problem
What was the outcome of the study on child sexual abuse?
It revealed the crucial role of feminist activists in bringing child sexual abuse to the public agenda
What is the significance of the agenda-setting theory in understanding the political game?
It is a crucial and competitive key to understanding the political game and the characteristics of democratic regimes
Why is the competition between actors to be placed on the agenda important in defining the nature of polity?
Because it influences the characteristics of democratic regimes
What was the initial approach of feminists to tackle child sexual abuse?
Trying to tackle the problem directly with therapy and support groups
How did feminists develop expertise on child sexual abuse?
By providing statistics and figures through their hotline
What was the outcome of feminist activists' involvement in child sexual abuse?
The issue became a public problem recognized by public authorities
How did feminists publicize the cause of child sexual abuse?
Through books, conventions, and the media
What was the significance of feminists building coalitions?
To give more weight to their voices
What phase began after the involvement of feminist activists?
Decision phase
Study Notes
Policy Typology
- Constraint policies rely on sanctions, ex: speed limitations
- Redistributive policies aim to reduce social inequalities, ex: social insurance, progressive taxation
- Limitations of this typology:
- Does not account for direct intervention policies (no coercion) and incentive policies (persuasion)
- Is unidimensional, unable to capture the multidimensional nature of public policies
Policy Cycle
- The policy cycle consists of 5 sequences:
- Agenda-setting: identification of a problem, until the State takes charge
- Decision: development of a policy program
- Implementation: application of the measures decided upon
- Evaluation: measurement and analysis of the results
Genesis of Policy Analysis
- Emergence of "cameral sciences" in 17th-18th century France and Germany, focusing on the administration and the State's role in society
- Development of "administrative sciences" in the 19th century, precursor to policy analysis
- Policy analysis emerged in the 1960s in the USA, as a practical discipline integral to the State apparatus
Public Policy and Politics
- Public policies are the intermediary between polity and politics
- Politics refers to the actions implemented by public authorities to manage societal tensions
- Polity refers to the collective living together of society, maintained by public policies
Agenda-Setting
- The agenda is a set of issues perceived as requiring public debate or intervention by public authorities
- Key factors influencing agenda-setting include:
- Social movements
- Non-State actors participating in problem identification
- Competition between actors to place issues on the agenda
Child Sexual Abuse as a Public Problem
- Child sexual abuse became a public and political problem in the 1980s, leading to legislative changes
- Feminist activists played a crucial role in bringing the issue to the public agenda, despite being unexpected lead actors
- The study highlights the role of feminist activists in discovering the extent of child sexual abuse and bringing it to public debate
This quiz explores different types of constraint policies, including social insurance and progressive taxation, as well as policies that rely on sanctions, such as speed limitations.
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