Conservation Approaches and Biodiversity Insights

The primary goal is to conserve wildlife, biodiversity, and natural ecosystems by regulating human use and promoting sustainable development.

State-driven approaches and market-driven approaches.

Stakeholders include various actors and institutions that influence and implement conservation strategies.

<p>Geographical space impacts the distribution of ecosystems and the effectiveness of conservation strategies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One challenge is accurately valuing ecological benefits that are often intangible and complex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Indigenous approaches integrate traditional knowledge and land management practices to enhance conservation efforts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It's centered around social justice and biodiversity conservation within urban settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>National parks originated as a response to industrialization and the need to preserve natural spaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>National parks face challenges like climate change, habitat loss, and human encroachment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Addressing the biodiversity crisis is crucial to maintain ecosystem stability and service functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps shape policies and practices that reflect diverse values and perspectives regarding nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Estimates suggest that there are approximately 50,000 species in Scotland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Over 40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Over 60 mammal species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It serves as a good indicator of overall ecosystem health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It suggests people may not notice gradual declines in wildlife populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changing land-use practices resulting in habitat loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Around 2000 flowering plant species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It emphasizes our responsibility towards preserving the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have been lost from our skies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>75%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overexploitation refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are maintained to look 'tidy', which disregards diverse natural habitats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changing landscapes, farming practices, and private garden designs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 mammal extinctions per 10,000 species per 100 years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>We've lost as many species as over 800 to 10,000 years of natural background rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Climate change alters habitats and can lead to species extinction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pollution can degrade habitat quality and harm various species within that ecosystem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>AONBs aim to identify and protect landscapes of exceptional scenery and natural beauty from inappropriate development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The National Scenic Areas (NSAs) were given a statutory basis under the Planning (Scotland) Act 2006.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The CBD emphasizes the conservation of biological diversity, sustainable resource use, and equitable benefit sharing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Nagoya Protocol aims to ensure fair access to genetic resources and equitable sharing of benefits derived from their use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NSAs are broadly equivalent to AONBs but specifically relate to areas in Scotland with exceptional beauty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scotland's National Scenic Areas cover approximately 13% of the land area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Areas considered 'beautiful' may not possess high ecological importance, meaning aesthetic appeal does not guarantee environmental health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Areas not considered 'beautiful' but ecologically important have often remained unprotected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the fair use of biological resources, particularly for indigenous communities and developing nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It includes targets to protect 30% of Earth's land and marine areas and halve pollution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At least $200 billion per year.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To protect and conserve at least 30% of Earth's land and marine areas by 2030.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plastic pollution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Restoring at least 30% of degraded ecosystems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It emphasizes their rights and interests in the use of biological resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The adoption of the Global Biodiversity Framework for 2020–2030.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The practice of protecting wildlife, biodiversity, and natural ecosystems by controlling human use of resources and promoting sustainable development.

This course explores the 'why' ('why not'), 'what', 'how', 'who', 'where' and 'efficacy' of conservation.

This course explores both state-driven and market-driven approaches to land and marine conservation.

Various actors and institutions, like governments, NGOs, and businesses, all play a role in conservation.

A process of planning for the use of marine space to balance economic activities with conservation goals.

The current rapid decline in the variety of life on Earth, including species, ecosystems, and genetic diversity.

Protected areas set aside for conservation and public use, often with strict regulations to maintain biodiversity and natural processes.

The variety of genes within a species, contributing to its ability to adapt and evolve.

The number and abundance of different species in a given area.

The variety of ecosystems in a region, each with its unique community of organisms and interactions.

A global effort to protect and preserve biodiversity, including species, habitats, and ecosystems.

A partnership approach to managing natural resources, where indigenous communities and government agencies work together.

Conservation efforts focused on specific locations, considering their unique biodiversity and cultural values.

The alteration of natural environments due to human activities, leading to changes in species composition, distribution, and abundance.

Harvesting a renewable resource at a rate faster than its ability to replenish, leading to depletion and potential species extinction.

Human preferences for tidiness and conformity can negatively impact biodiversity, especially in urban green spaces and private gardens.

The release of harmful substances into the environment, impacting water, air and soil, harming organisms and ecosystems.

Non-native species introduced to an area, often outcompeting native species and causing ecological imbalances.

The natural rate of species extinction, typically estimated at 2 mammal extinctions per 10,000 species per 100 years.

The current extinction rate is significantly higher than the background rate, primarily driven by human activities like habitat loss and overexploitation.

Examining the successes and failures of past conservation efforts to understand challenges and identify effective strategies for future conservation.

Scotland boasts a rich biodiversity with over 90,000 animal, plant, and microbe species, including over 60 mammal species, around 500 bird species, and about 2000 flowering plant species.

Despite its rich biodiversity, Scotland has not seen a reduction in the net loss of nature, meaning the overall state of nature is not improving.

The UK is considered one of the most nature-depleted nations worldwide, with over 40% of species in decline, significant bird loss, and many mammals facing extinction.

Nature provides vital benefits to humans, including connections with the natural world, a sense of moral duty to protect it, resilience to climate change, and a good indicator of overall ecosystem health.

Birds are considered good indicators of overall ecosystem health due to their ease of observation, long history of monitoring, and public interest.

The phenomenon of gradually accepting a degraded state of nature as the 'new normal' due to a lack of historical reference points or memories of a healthier past.

The gradual decline in the number and variety of animals observed on car windshields, a stark reminder of the shrinking wildlife population.

Bird declines are driven by factors like habitat loss due to changing land-use practices, use of pesticides affecting prey species, and other human-induced pressures.

Designated areas in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland with exceptional landscapes protected for their beauty and character. They are safeguarded from inappropriate development to preserve their natural value.

Specifically designated areas in Scotland that demonstrate exceptional scenic beauty and natural features, protected by Scottish legislation. They aim to preserve outstanding landscapes and ensure their long-term protection.

While areas with exceptional beauty are often protected, ecologically important areas may not always receive the same attention, even if they lack aesthetic appeal. This highlights the importance of considering both environmental and aesthetic value in conservation.

An international agreement focusing on the conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use of biological resources, and equitable sharing of benefits from their use. It aims to protect the variety of life on Earth for present and future generations.

A supplementary agreement to the CBD, focused on ensuring fair access to genetic resources and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their use. It aims to ensure responsible use and benefit sharing for genetic materials.

Using resources in a way that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It involves careful management and conservation practices to ensure resource availability for the long term.

Ensuring that the benefits derived from the use of genetic resources are shared fairly and equitably with the communities and countries where they originate. This promotes responsible development and resource management.

Protecting and preserving the variety of life on Earth, including species, ecosystems, and genetic diversity. It involves addressing threats to biodiversity and promoting its sustainable use for the benefit of humankind.

A set of 20 targets adopted in 2010 to guide global efforts in halting biodiversity loss by 2020. While ambitious, most targets were not met.

A new set of 22 targets adopted in 2022 to guide global efforts in halting biodiversity loss by 2030.

A goal to protect and conserve at least 30% of Earth's land and marine areas by 2030.

A financial mechanism where a country's external debt is forgiven in exchange for commitments to conservation efforts.

The positive and negative effects of protected areas on local communities, including benefits like conservation and potential downsides like displacement.

Integrating biodiversity considerations into sectors like agriculture, forestry, and fisheries to ensure they are environmentally responsible.

Securing enough financial resources to support biodiversity conservation projects and initiatives.