Connective Tissues and Epidermis Layers Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of dense regular connective tissue

  • cartilage
  • bone
  • ligaments
  • tendons (correct)

Which of the following options correctly orders the layers of epidermis in thick skin from deep to superficial?

  • stratum corneum, stratum lucid, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
  • stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum corneum, stratum lucid
  • stratum corneum, stratum lucid, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
  • stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucid, stratum corneum (correct)

Connective tissue developed from which of the following embryonic germ layers

  • ectoderm
  • mesoderm (correct)
  • endoderm
  • all of the above

What type of tissue is shown in the above light microscope?

<p>cardiac muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

These cells are from a biopsy of a uterus. Based on your knowledge of cells, these cells appear:

<p>cancerous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Choose the correct order of levels of increasing biological complexity:

<p>chemical/molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A plane that divides a specimen into dorsal and ventral halves is a:

<p>coronal plane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cells of the intestinal lining picture above are an example of a:

<p>simple columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelles do not have a membrane

<p>ribosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes directly uses energy

<p>phagocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the above scanning electron micrograph, structures "A" are _______ and "B" are ________

<p>microvilli; microfilaments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue is shown

<p>skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism of glandular secretion results in the entire cell returning?

<p>holocrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The tissue above can be best described as a:

<p>supporting connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

The two types of cells found in a nervous tissue are:

<p>neurons and neuroglia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Select which statement about melanocytes is true

<p>All of the listed statements are false (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The image of red blood cells was most likely obtained using what instrument

<p>scanning electron microscope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The above model image is a view from the:

<p>sagittal plane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about body cavities is true:

<p>The serous membranes produce a fluid that reduces friction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Function of ribosomes on the rough ER

<p>synthesize enzymes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organ systems is incorrectly paired with its primary homeostatic function:

<p>integument; water absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissue type is correctly paired with a type of cell that can be found in that tissue?

<p>epithelial tissue; cuboidal cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the image above select the group of terms that correctly identifies with each tissue:

<p>A: stratified columnar, B: cardiac muscle, C: areolar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Three important components of the cell cytoskeleton are:

<p>microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Depending on the context, the word "membrane" can be used to describe

<p>all of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the figure above letter "" is the Sweat Gland and letter "" is the Papillary Layer

<p>O; B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Liposarcoma is a cancer of which tissue type

<p>adipose tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cell organelle pictured is

<p>mitochondria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances can diffuse freely straight across a cell phospholipid bilayer?

<p>oxygen and carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Clinical anatomy

<p>abnormal changes in anatomy due to disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Goosebumps are caused by

<p>contraction of arrector pili muscles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

________ membranes produce fluid that keeps surfaces moist and can offer chemical protection ______ membranes produce transudate that reduces friction between organs and body cavities

<p>mucous; serous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the figure above letter " " are osteons and letter " " are trabeculae

<p>E; C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which set of anatomical regions are properly matched with their respective area on the body?

<p>carpal and wrist, lumbar and lower back, sural and calf (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The founder of anatomy

<p>Andreas Vesalius</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is paired correctly with its function

<p>rough endoplasmic reticulum = enzyme synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The dermis consists of

<p>areolar connective tissue and dense irregular connective tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cell membranes engage in all of the following functions except:

<p>production of ATP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The double-membrane of the mitochondria creates an intermembrane space that can be used to create a hydrogen ion concentration differential. The movement of the hydrogen ions down they electrochemical gradient (chemiosmosis) across the inner membrane, using ATP synthase, drives ADP phosphorylation

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

A type of connective tissue characterized by tightly packed collagen fibers arranged in parallel bundles, providing high tensile strength. Examples include tendons and ligaments.

Epidermis Layers (Thick Skin)

The outermost layer of skin (epidermis) in thick skin is made up of five layers: stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.

Connective Tissue Origin

Connective tissues develop from the mesoderm, one of the three primary germ layers in embryonic development.

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

A type of muscle tissue found only in the heart. Characterized by branched, striated fibers connected by intercalated discs, allowing for synchronized contractions.

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Cancerous Cells

Cells that exhibit abnormal growth and division, often characterized by irregular shapes, enlarged nuclei, and increased cell division.

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Biological Complexity Levels

The levels of biological organization from simplest to most complex are: chemical/molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and organism.

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Coronal Plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into dorsal (back) and ventral (front) sections.

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Simple Columnar Epithelium

A type of epithelial tissue composed of a single layer of tall, column-shaped cells. Found in areas like the lining of the intestines, where absorption and secretion occur.

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Organelles Without a Membrane

Ribosomes are small organelles that are not enclosed by a membrane. They are the sites of protein synthesis.

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Energy-Using Process

Phagocytosis is an active process where a cell engulfs and consumes large particles, using energy to transport and break down the material.

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Microvilli and Microfilaments

Microvilli are finger-like projections of the cell membrane that increase surface area for absorption. Microfilaments are protein fibers that support and move the cell.

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Skeletal Muscle Tissue

A type of muscle tissue characterized by long, multinucleated, striated fibers. Voluntary control and responsible for movement.

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Holocrine Secretion

A type of glandular secretion where the entire cell ruptures and releases its contents, leading to cell death.

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Supporting Connective Tissue

A type of connective tissue that provides support and structure to other tissues and organs. Examples include cartilage and bone.

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Nervous Tissue Cells

Nervous tissue is composed of two main types of cells: neurons, which transmit electrical signals, and neuroglia, which support and protect neurons.

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Melanocytes

Cells located in the stratum basale of the epidermis that produce melanin, a pigment that protects the skin from UV radiation.

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Scanning Electron Microscope

A type of microscope that uses electrons to scan the surface of a sample, creating detailed three-dimensional images.

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Sagittal Plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into left and right sections.

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Serous Membranes

Membranes that line body cavities and cover organs, producing a lubricating fluid that reduces friction during movement.

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Rough ER Function

The rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is studded with ribosomes, which synthesize enzymes and other proteins.

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Organ Systems and Homeostasis

Organ systems work together to maintain a stable internal environment (homeostasis). For example, the integumentary system acts as a protective barrier.

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Epithelial Tissue and Cuboidal Cells

Epithelial tissues are composed of tightly packed cells that form linings and coverings. Cuboidal cells are cube-shaped and are found in glands and ducts.

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Tissue Types and Characteristics

The image shows three types of tissues: stratified columnar epithelium (A), cardiac muscle (B), and areolar connective tissue (C)

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Cytoskeleton Components

The cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers that provide support, shape, and movement to the cell. It consists of three main types: microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.

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Membrane Usage

The term 'membrane' can refer to cell membranes, nuclear membranes, or organelle membranes, each with specific functions.

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Sweat Gland and Papillary Layer

In the figure, the Sweat Gland is labeled 'O' and the Papillary Layer is labeled 'B'.

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Liposarcoma

A cancer that originates in adipose (fat) tissue.

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Mitochondria

Mitochondria are double-membrane bound organelles responsible for cellular respiration, producing ATP (energy) for the cell.

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Free Diffusion Across Cell Membrane

Small, nonpolar molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide can easily pass through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane without the need for transport proteins.

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Clinical Anatomy

The study of anatomical changes that occur due to disease or injury.

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Goosebumps

Goosebumps are caused by contraction of arrector pili muscles, small muscles attached to hair follicles, which make hair stand on end.

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Mucous and Serous Membranes

Mucous membranes are found in body cavities that open to the exterior, secreting mucus to keep surfaces moist and offer chemical protection. Serous membranes line body cavities and cover organs, producing transudate that reduces friction between organs.

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Osteons and Trabeculae

In the figure, osteons are labeled 'E' and trabeculae are labeled 'C'.

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Anatomical Regions

The regions carpal (wrist), lumbar (lower back), and sural (calf) are correctly matched with their respective areas on the body.

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Founder of Anatomy

Andreas Vesalius is considered the founder of modern anatomy, known for his detailed anatomical drawings and dissections.

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Organelle Functions

The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is responsible for synthesizing enzymes and other proteins.

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Dermis Composition

The dermis, the layer of skin beneath the epidermis, is composed of areolar connective tissue and dense irregular connective tissue.

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Cell Membrane Functions

Cell membranes perform various functions, including regulating transport, cell signaling, and maintaining cell shape, but they do not produce ATP.

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Mitochondrial Chemiosmosis

The movement of hydrogen ions (H+) across the inner mitochondrial membrane, driven by an electrochemical gradient, powers ATP synthase, which produces ATP from ADP and phosphate.

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Study Notes

Connective Tissues

  • Tendons are an example of dense regular connective tissue.
  • Connective tissue originates from the mesoderm germ layer.

Epidermis Layers (Thick Skin)

  • The layers of thick skin, deep to superficial, are: stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.

Tissue Types and Microscopes

  • Cardiac muscle is a type of tissue shown in a light microscope.
  • The cells in a uterus biopsy, showing characteristics of cancer, are cancerous.
  • The intestinal lining cells are simple columnar epithelium.
  • Ribosomes are non-membrane-bound organelles.
  • Phagocytosis is an energy-using process.
  • Structures "A" (in a scanning electron micrograph) are microvilli and "B" are microfilaments.
  • Skeletal muscle is shown in one image.
  • Holocrine secretion involves the entire cell being released.
  • The tissue in another image could best be supporting connective tissue.
  • Nervous tissue is composed of neurons and neuroglia.
  • All statements about Melanocytes are false (in this context, or the provided answer).
  • A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was an instrument used in a blood cell image.
  • The provided image model is from a sagittal plane view.
  • Serous membranes produce a fluid reducing friction.
  • Ribosomes on the rough ER synthesize enzymes.
  • The integumentary system's primary function is not water absorption.
  • Epithelial tissue can contain cuboidal cells.
  • Tissues 'A', 'B', and 'C' are identified as stratified columnar epithelium, cardiac muscle, and areolar connective, respectively.
  • The three components of the cell cytoskeleton are microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.
  • Cell membranes carry diverse functions like selective permeability and transport.
  • Letter "O" is the sweat gland, and letter "B" is the papillary layer (in a diagram image).
  • Liposarcoma is a cancer of adipose tissue.
  • The pictured organelle is a mitochondrion.
  • Oxygen and carbon dioxide can freely diffuse across a cell membrane.
  • Clinical anatomy focuses on anatomical changes due to disease.
  • Goosebumps are from arrector pili muscle contraction.
  • Mucous membranes provide protection and moisture; serous membranes create friction reduction.
  • Letters "E" are osteons and "C" are trabeculae (in another diagram).
  • Anatomical regions like carpal/wrist, lumbar/lower back, sural/calf, are correctly matched.
  • Andreas Vesalius is considered a founder of anatomy.
  • Rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in enzyme synthesis .
  • The dermis is made of areolar and dense irregular connective tissues.
  • Cell membranes do not produce ATP.
  • Mitochondria's structure allows for chemiosmosis and ATP production.

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Description

Test your knowledge on connective tissues, including their types and functions, and explore the layers of thick skin in this informative quiz. You'll also delve into various tissue types and their identification under microscopes. Perfect for students of anatomy and physiology!

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