Connective Tissue Structure and Development
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary composition of the embryonic mesenchyme?

  • A mixture of equal parts of collagen fibers and ground substance
  • A large number of collagen fibers with minimal ground substance
  • A viscous ground substance with few collagen fibers (correct)
  • A dominant presence of mesenchymal cells with minimal ECM
  • What is the characteristic shape of mesenchymal cells?

  • Spindle-shaped (correct)
  • Columnar
  • Cuboidal
  • Spherical
  • Which of the following is NOT a type of cell that mesenchymal cells can differentiate into?

  • Muscle cells
  • Vascular endothelial cells
  • Epithelial cells (correct)
  • Blood cells
  • What is the main function of connective tissue?

    <p>To provide a matrix that supports and connects other tissues and cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary constituent of connective tissue?

    <p>A combination of protein fibers and ground substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fibroblasts in connective tissue?

    <p>To produce and maintain the tissue's extracellular component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates fibroblasts to undergo division in connective tissue?

    <p>The stimulation by growth factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major component of the extracellular matrix synthesized by fibroblasts?

    <p>Elastin and collagen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why fibroblasts are important for tissue repair?

    <p>They synthesize and secrete extracellular matrix components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between fibroblasts and growth factors?

    <p>Fibroblasts are targets of growth factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of adipocytes in connective tissue?

    <p>To produce heat through the storage of neutral fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average diameter of a macrophage?

    <p>10-30 um</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of macrophages in the body?

    <p>From monocytes circulating in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of monocytes crossing the epithelial wall of the small venules and entering connective tissue?

    <p>They differentiate and mature into macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of macrophages in connective tissue?

    <p>To remove apoptotic cells and tissue debris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the transformation of monocytes to macrophages in connective tissue?

    <p>Increase in cell size, protein synthesis, and Golgi complex and lysosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of macrophages in connective tissue?

    <p>To remove apoptotic cells, tissue debris, and other particulate material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to macrophages present in most organs?

    <p>Histiocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of monocytes in the body?

    <p>They are formed in the yolk sac during early embryonic development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the nucleus in a macrophage?

    <p>Eccentrically located</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the sulfated GAG that acts locally as an anticoagulant?

    <p>Heparin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the display of different colors when stained with basic dyes?

    <p>Metachromasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of histamine in mast cells?

    <p>Increased vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of cytokines in mast cells?

    <p>Direction of leukocyte activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size range of mast cell granules?

    <p>0.3-2.0 um</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of mast cells?

    <p>Oval or irregular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of serine proteases in mast cells?

    <p>Activate various mediators of inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between cytokines and leukocytes in mast cells?

    <p>Cytokines direct the activity of leukocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of histamine on vascular permeability in mast cells?

    <p>Increases vascular permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the display of different colors when stained with basic dyes in mast cells?

    <p>Metachromasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of heparin in mast cells?

    <p>Acts as an anticoagulant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of phospholipid precursors in mast cells?

    <p>Convert to prostaglandins and leukotrienes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mast cells in the body?

    <p>To release chemical mediators promoting immediate hypersensitivity reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do mast cells originate from?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hypersensitivity reaction do mast cells trigger?

    <p>Immediate hypersensitivity reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do mast cells migrate to after originating from the bone marrow?

    <p>Small venules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of mast cells after crossing the wall of small venules?

    <p>They differentiate into mature mast cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of plasma cells?

    <p>Producing and secreting antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the cytoplasm of plasma cells?

    <p>Basophilic and rich in RER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the nucleus typically located in a plasma cell?

    <p>Eccentrically located</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate lifespan of a plasma cell?

    <p>10-20 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of a plasma cell?

    <p>Ovoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which leukocytes migrate from the bloodstream to the connective tissue?

    <p>Through a process of diapedesis and migration between endothelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the increase in leukocyte migration from the bloodstream to the connective tissue?

    <p>Inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is released from various cells during the inflammatory response, leading to the migration of leukocytes?

    <p>Chemical mediators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the inflammatory response?

    <p>To defend against injury or foreign substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site where leukocytes migrate to during inflammation?

    <p>Connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

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