Connective Tissue Function Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of myofibroblasts?

Secretion of antibodies

Participation in wound healing (correct)

Phagocytosis of bacteria

Regulation of allergic reactions

Which cells participate in the immune response by releasing histamine?

Plasma cells

Macrophages

Mast cells (correct)

Pericytes

Where can you find reticular connective tissue?

Blood vessels

Liver and spleen (correct)

Tendons and ligaments

Deep layers of the skin

What is the main function of monocytes?

Precursors of macrophages Signup and view all the answers

Which type of connective tissue is easily vascularized and innervated?

Adipose tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which cells contain numerous granules in their cytoplasm and participate in the immune response?

Mast cells Signup and view all the answers

Where do eosinophils primarily fight parasites?

Connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of lymphocytes?

Rounded cells with a rounded nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Where does loose connective tissue fill in the body?

Below the epithelia Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are pluripotent and can differentiate into fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells?

Pericytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of connective tissue?

Providing structural support and metabolic functions Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissues does connective tissue link together?

Epithelial, muscular, and nervous tissue Signup and view all the answers

What are the main components of the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

Ground substance and fibers Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the ground substance in the ECM is constituted by water and three other components?

Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) Signup and view all the answers

What do glycosaminoglycans (GAG) attract due to their negatively charged sugars?

Positive charges such as Na+ ions Signup and view all the answers

What is the only unsulfated GAG found in the matrix?

Hyaluronic acid Signup and view all the answers

What function do blood and lymphatic vessels serve in connective tissue?

Contribute to the nutrition and elimination of waste from all tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest GAG found in the matrix?

Hyaluronic acid Signup and view all the answers

What are the main functions of connective tissue?

Providing structural support, metabolic functions, defense, protection, and repair of the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of ground substance in the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

Amorphous gelatinous material constituted by water, glycosaminoglycans (GAG), proteoglycans, and structural glycoproteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of negative charges on GAG chains in the matrix?

Attracting water to increase resistance to compression Signup and view all the answers

Which type of collagen is most abundant and very resistant to tension forces in most connective tissues?

Type I Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of elastin in elastic fibers?

Providing elasticity to the tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of basal lamina in the basement membrane?

Separating epithelial and connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells originate in the bone marrow and circulate in the blood, leaving the bloodstream to develop specific functions in the connective tissue?

Leukocytes Signup and view all the answers

What do undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells give rise to?

Chondroblasts and osteoblasts Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of fibroblasts in connective tissue?

Synthesizing most of the connective ECM Signup and view all the answers

What forms when GAGs bind to proteins, creating complex molecules?

Proteoglycans Signup and view all the answers

What are collagen fibers very resistant to?

Tension forces Signup and view all the answers

Which type of collagen is only found in cartilage and is very resistant to stress?

Type II Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Negative charges on GAG chains repel each other, adding viscosity to the matrix and resistance to compression. Water content increases the matrix's resistance to compression.
Proteoglycans: formed when GAGs bind to proteins, creating complex molecules. Hyaluronic acid can bind numerous proteoglycan molecules, forming an aggregate.
Structural Glycoproteins: proteins bound to branched polysaccharides. They have binding sites for various ECM components, anchor epithelia to the matrix, and provide union between matrix elements.
Collagen: inelastic, hard, firm protein, most abundant in the body. Forms fibers that are very resistant to traction. At least 35 different types of collagen exist.
- Collagen biosynthesis: fibroblasts synthesize and release procollagen, which becomes tropocollagen in the ECM, and then collagen fibers form.
- Types: Type I (most abundant, very resistant to tension forces, in most connective tissues), Type II (only in cartilage, very resistant to stress), Type III (synthesized by various cells, forming networks in cellular organs and basal laminae), Type IV (synthesized by epithelial cells, muscle cells, and Schwann cells, forming networks in basal laminae)
Elastic fibers: made up of elastin and fibrillin, provide elasticity to the tissue.
- Elastin biosynthesis: fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells synthesize elastin and fibrillin, forming microfibrils, which group together to form elastic fibers.
Basement membrane: non-cellular interface between epithelial and connective tissue, composed of basal lamina and reticular lamina.
- Basal lamina: manufactured by the epithelium, made up of structural glycoproteins and integrin fractions, separates epithelial and connective tissue, acts as a filter.
- Reticular lamina: synthesized by the connective tissue, mostly made up of collagen type III, fixes the basal lamina to the connective tissue.
Connective tissue cells: two types - fixed and transient
- Fixed cells: develop in the connective tissue and remain there, include fibroblasts, adipocytes, pericytes, mast cells, and macrophages.
- Transient cells: originate in the bone marrow and circulate in the blood, leave the bloodstream to develop specific functions in the connective tissue, short-lived and must be replaced constantly, include leukocytes, plasma cells, and monocytes.
Origin of Connective tissue cells: undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells give rise to most fixed cells. Chondroblasts, osteoblasts, hematopoietic stem cells, adipocytes, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, osteocytes, neutrophils, plasma cells, chondrocytes, monocytes, and macrophages all originate from these stem cells.
Fibroblasts: main cells of the connective tissue, most abundant and widely distributed cells, derived from mesenchymal cells, elongated cells with ovoid nucleus, synthesize most of the connective ECM.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the role and functions of connective tissue in the human body with this quiz. Explore its support, metabolic, and protective functions, as well as its role in maintaining integration between different tissues.