WATP 2016 EXAM (not much skeletal)

cells are not close together

cells are separated by large amounts of matrix

surface of bones at joints

trachea

bronchi

nose

larynx

outer ear (hyaline cartilage)

provide structural support for body and helps to hold all body parts together, yet with some flexibility

<p>column-shaped cells fit very closely together to provide a smooth surface- cells have little or no matrix between them</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>covering/lining tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>outer layer of skin</p> <p>lines inside of organs such as heart intestines and stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosome moves along the mRNA three bases (codon) at a time.</p> <p>tRNA (transfer RNA) is a small molecule that brings amino acid to the ribosome.</p> <p>It has a set of 3 bases (in its loop) called the anticodon which are complementary to the codon of the mRNA.</p> <p>The amino acids carried by the tRNA are joined together by peptide bond to form proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>haemoglobin- increases oxygen carrying capacity (in RBC)</p> <p>hormones- regulate cell functions</p> <p>enzymes- speed up rate of reactions e.g. aerobic respiration</p> <p>immunoglobulins- act as antibodies in fighting foreign matter</p> <p>actin and myosin- form proteins involved in muscle contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homologous chromosomes have the same genes, but they may have different alleles from each other (1). Therefore, they are not genetically identical.(1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disagree. (1) Most of the time chromosomes are single stranded, loosely coiled in the form known as chromatin. (2) When sister chromatids separate during mitosis, the individual chromatids are still considered as chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>mitosis- cell division for growth and repair</p> <p>meiosis- cell division for producing gametes (eggs and sperms)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>spermatogenesis- nucleus of the germ cells divide twice to produce four similar sized gametes (sperm cells)</p> <p>oogenesis- the two divisions of the germ cells are not equal, and the products are one egg (wth most of the cytoplasm and nucleus) and three smaller polar bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>it is defined as mitotically heritable changes in gene expression that occur without change in DNA code (genome)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA methylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Histone modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>C is known as the epigenome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identical twins share identical genotype/ genome so any difference may be attributed to epigenetic factors. [1] A large span of ages are chosen for subject to study the cumulative effect of epigenetic factors and more time given in terms of exposure to environmental effects. [1]</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic inheritance happens through the DNA code that passes from the parent to offspring while in epigenetic inheritance, epigenetic tags can be passed down to future generations without any change in the DNA code [1]. This epigenetic tags are influenced by environmental factors. [1]</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>lined with hair to trap dust and remove foreign particles</p> <p>warms air to enhance diffusion of gases</p> <p>moistens air to enhance diffusion of gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>C shaped rings of cartilage</p> <p>support trachea in open position along the trachea</p> <p>lining of ciliated epithelium with goblet cells which secrete mucus to trap and remove pathogens and particles of dust and smoke</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cartilaginous rings to prevent collapse during inspiration</p> <p>smooth muscle in bronchioles allow for diameter to be controlled</p> <p>branching effect of bronchioles allow for more air to be transported in a given time</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>thin, moist and of great surface area (about 70m^2) to allow diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide to take place very efficiently</p> <p>only one cell thick- facilitates diffusion bcs travel a short distance</p> Signup and view all the answers