Conifer Stem Secondary Growth Quiz

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What is the main function of the vascular cambium in conifer stems?

Storing excess sugars and organic compounds
Supporting the overall structure of the stem
Regulating water and nutrient uptake
Producing new xylem and phloem cells for secondary growth (correct)

What is the main function of phloem in a conifer stem?

Regulating water uptake
Supporting the stem structure
Producing new xylem cells
Transporting sugars and other organic compounds throughout the plant (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of xylem production in conifer stems?

Small amount of xylem parenchyma
Presence of tracheids and resin ducts
Xylem cells function in water and nutrient transport
Large amount of xylem vessels (correct)

What is the significance of annual growth rings in conifer stems?

They provide information about the age and growth history of the tree (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of plant group does a conifer belong to?

Gymnosperm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is located between the xylem and phloem tissues in conifer stems?

Vascular cambium (B) Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the formation of wood in conifer stems?

Xylem cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of wood is present in the secondary xylem of conifers?

Both spring wood and autumn wood alternately (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the vascular cambium in conifer stems?

Continuous cylinder of both fascicular and interfascicular parts (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where are resin canals present in conifer stems?

Cortex, secondary xylem, primary xylem, and rarely in the pith (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the primary phloem in the presence of secondary phloem in conifer stems?

It is crushed and pushed towards the outer side by the secondary phloem (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of tracheary elements are present in the secondary xylem of most gymnosperms?

Tracheids only (B) Signup and view all the answers

What connects the pith with the cortex in conifer stems?

Primary medullary rays (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is present beneath the secondary xylem in conifer stems?

A few groups of endarch primary xylem only (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the central part of the stem filled with in conifers?

Parenchymatous pith (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of wood is formed by the secondary xylem in conifers?

Pycnoxylic wood (A) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the primary xylem in a woody dicot with regards to the pith?

Appears as strands toward the pith (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the secondary phloem in a woody dicot?

Sieve tube cells and companion cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the protophloem in a woody dicot?

Converted into fibers and becomes nonfunctional (B) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the periderm if present in a woody dicot?

Subepidermal (B) Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the formation of annual rings in the cross-section of a tree trunk or stem?

Seasonal growth of the tree (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the secondary xylem in a woody dicot?

Xylem vessels, xylary fibers, and xylem parenchyma (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the heartwood?

Providing structural support to the tree (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the sapwood?

Transporting water, minerals, and nutrients (B) Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the formation of wider annual rings in trees?

Favorable growing conditions (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor affects the width and characteristics of annual rings in trees?

Seasonal variations (D) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the age of a tree?

Counting the number of annual rings (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the tree trunk has a higher susceptibility to decay and insect infestation?

Sapwood (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the transportation of water, minerals, and nutrients within the tree?