12 Questions
What is the primary characteristic of compliance as a type of conformity?
It is a superficial and temporary change in public behavior
Which type of conformity involves a private change in behavior and opinions, but is generally temporary?
Identification
What is the result of internalisation as a type of conformity?
A permanent change in private opinions and behavior
What is the primary difference between identification and internalisation?
Identification is a superficial change, while internalisation is a deep change
Who developed the two-process theory of conformity?
Deutsch and Gerard
What is the primary characteristic of the two-process theory of conformity?
It suggests that people conform due to two main reasons
What is the primary motivation behind conforming to normative social influence?
Desire to be liked
What type of process is normative social influence?
Emotional process
In what type of situations is normative social influence more likely to occur?
In situations with strangers or when stressed
What is the outcome of conforming to informational social influence?
Permanent change in opinion/behaviour
What drives the desire to conform to informational social influence?
Desire to be right
In what type of situations is informational social influence more likely to occur?
In situations that are new or ambiguous, or in crisis situations
Study Notes
Types of Conformity
- Kelman (1958) identified three types of conformity: Compliance, Identification, and Internalisation
- Compliance is a superficial and temporary type of conformity where individuals publicly agree with the majority but privately maintain their own opinions and behaviors
- Identification is a moderate type of conformity where individuals conform to a group's opinions and behavior because they value the group and want to belong
- Internalisation is a deep type of conformity where individuals genuinely accept the group norms, resulting in permanent public and private changes in opinions and behavior
Explanations for Conformity
- Deutsch and Gerard (1955) developed a two-process theory, suggesting that people conform due to two main reasons: the need to be right (ISI) and the need to be liked (NSI)
- Normative Social Influence (NSI) is the desire to be liked, leading to temporary changes in opinion and behavior through fear of rejection and desire for social approval
- Informational Social Influence (ISI) is the desire to be right, leading to permanent changes in opinion and behavior through acceptance of new information
- NSI is an emotional process, while ISI is a cognitive process
Situations that Influence Conformity
- NSI is more likely to occur in situations with strangers, with friends, and in stressful situations where people need social support
- ISI is more likely to occur in new, ambiguous, or crisis situations where people are uncertain and assume the group is more likely to be right
Learn about the three types of conformity proposed by Kelman in 1958, including compliance, identification, and internalization. Understand how people conform to the opinions of a majority and the differences between each type.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
