Khan Psychology p 171-180 Conformity and Obedience Overview

<p>Genetic mutations and exposure to agricultural chemicals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Widespread neuronal loss and cognitive dysfunction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Characterized by prolonged feelings of helplessness and discouragement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their potential role in neuron death (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Major Depressive Disorder (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Releasing acetylcholine to support cognitive functions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Apolipoprotein E (ApoE4) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced reflexes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dopaminergic neurons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Substantia nigra (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreases the risk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They appear to not function clearly long before the disease onset. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High blood pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>22% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>BioPsychoSocial Model (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5-HTTLPR Gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Learned Helplessness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pessimistic Attribution Style (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Internal causes only (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher rates of learned helplessness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prefrontal Cortex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abnormally elevated mood and increased energy lasting at least 7 consecutive days (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals experience hypomania and at least one major depressive episode. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bipolar I includes at least one manic episode, while bipolar II does not include any manic episodes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypomania and dysthymia. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to align behaviors with group norms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conforming to avoid social rejection despite knowing the right behavior. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Joining a group because their actions seem correct when unsure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adoption of harmful behaviors and social discord. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Co-rumination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Child abuse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dependent stressors are influenced by personal actions, independent stressors occur without personal influence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elevated mood accompanied by poor judgment and risky behaviors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DIG FAST (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At least 4 consecutive days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to feelings of guilt and depression when one identifies with a marginalized group. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased energy but no need for sleep (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changing behavior to gain a reward or avoid punishment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strong personal conviction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identification requires ongoing respect for the individual being emulated. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A consumer buys a soft drink because a celebrity endorses it. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involves adopting moral characteristics from respected figures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When rewards or punishments are removed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It shapes an individual's moral guidelines based on modeled behavior. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A state of normlessness often associated with social change. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A group of neurons located at the base of the cerebrum, essential for cognitive functions.

The neurotransmitter released by neurons in the nucleus basalis. It plays a vital role in cognitive functions.

The protein that clumps together abnormally in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, potentially contributing to the disease process.

A gene associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. It's involved in processing fats.

A progressive neurological disorder characterized by motor abnormalities, such as slowed movement, tremors, and stiffness, as well as mental dysfunction.

A brain region located in the brainstem, essential for controlling movement and coordination.

The type of neurons that are predominantly lost in Parkinson's disease, located in the substantia nigra.

A collection of structures located at the base of the forebrain, involved in motor control and some mental functions.

A collection of nerve cell bodies located in the basal ganglia that receives input from the substantia nigra. This area is essential for regulating movement.

Abnormal protein clumps found inside dopamine-producing neurons in the brains of individuals with Parkinson's disease.

A protein that plays a crucial role in neuronal function. It is normally present in brain cells, but in Parkinson's disease, it forms unusual clumps known as Lewy bodies.

This disease is characterized by cognitive dysfunction and less severe motor abnormalities compared to Parkinson's disease. Lewy bodies are widely present in affected brain areas.

A debilitating mood disorder marked by a persistent feeling of sadness, hopelessness, and lack of interest in activities that were once enjoyable. This disorder is often accompanied by physical and emotional changes.

A mnemonic acronym that helps remember the common symptoms of depression. It stands for: Suicidal thoughts, Interests decreased, Guilt, Energy decreased, Concentration decreased, Appetite disturbance, Psychomotor changes, Sleep disturbances.

A mental health condition characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest, and feelings of worthlessness. It can be triggered by life events but doesn't always have to be. It often co-occurs with anxiety disorders.

The idea that depression arises from a combination of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors.

Genes play a part in predisposition to depression, but they don't guarantee it. The environment plays a crucial role. For example, the 5-HTTLPR gene is linked to depression, but mainly when someone is in a stressful environment.

The brain region involved in planning, decision-making, and regulating emotions. Decreased activity in this area is linked to depression.

The brain circuit associated with pleasure and reward. Reduced activity in this circuit is linked to depression.

A learning theory explaining depression as a result of feeling powerless to control events in one's environment. It arises from repeated exposure to situations where one feels helpless.

Distorted thinking patterns that involve negative thoughts about oneself, the world, and the future. They contribute to feelings of hopelessness and despair in depression.

Explanations individuals give for negative events. People with depression tend to attribute negative experiences to internal, stable, and global causes, making them vulnerable to more depression.

The tendency for individuals surrounding someone with depression to also experience depressive symptoms, often due to shared negativity and emotional empathy.

A state of extreme emotional highs marked by high energy, optimism, poor judgment, and risky behavior, often followed by a depressive crash.

A less severe form of mania characterized by elevated mood and energy, but without significant impairment in functioning or hospitalization.

A mental health condition characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania.

Stressful events experienced by individuals with depression that are often influenced by their own actions or choices.

Stressful events that occur outside of an individual's control, such as a death in the family.

The tendency for individuals to internalize negative societal attitudes about their identity, leading to depression.

Factors like low socioeconomic status, social isolation, and child abuse can increase vulnerability to depression.

A period of abnormally elevated mood and increased energy lasting at least 7 days, causing significant impairment in functioning or requiring hospitalization.

A mental health disorder characterized by episodes of hypomania and major depression, but never a manic episode.

A mental health disorder characterized by fluctuating moods between periods of hypomania and dysthymia (mild depression).

The study of how individuals think, feel, and behave in social interactions.

The tendency for individuals to align their behavior with group norms. It is a strong influence in social situations.

The influence that results from looking to members of a group for guidance in situations of uncertainty.

The influence that results from the desire to avoid social disapproval or rejection by conforming to group norms.

A state of social instability or normlessness that arises during periods of rapid social change.

A type of conformity where individuals act in a certain way to gain rewards or avoid punishment. This behavior is often temporary and fades away when the rewards/punishments are removed.

A type of conformity where individuals act like someone they admire or respect. This behavior is maintained as long as the admiration for that individual persists.

A deep and personal acceptance of values, beliefs, and behaviors, leading to consistent and internalized behavior.

The process of adopting characteristics of a parent, usually of the same sex, during childhood development, including their values and moral guidelines.

The moral component of personality that develops during childhood, influenced by parents' values and internalized during identification.

The tendency to agree to requests, especially when influenced by factors like perceived fairness, likability, scarcity, or positive feedback from others.

Using celebrities to endorse products to increase consumer compliance, as people assume they approve of the product and are influenced by their liking of them.