Configuring Virtual Machine Storage

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) format?

To create a snapshot of a virtual machine

To create a physical hard drive

To manage the storage of a physical disk

To package part of the space on a physical disk to appear to the VM as a physical hard drive (correct)

What type of VHD format takes up the entire space that is allotted to it during VM creation?

Dynamic hard disk image

Snapshot image

Fixed hard disk image (correct)

Differencing hard disk image

What is the maximum size limit for a VHD file?

64 TB

1 TB

4 TB

2 TB (correct)

What is the main advantage of using VHDX over VHD?

VHDX has a larger maximum size limit Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Connect Virtual Hard Disk page in the New Virtual Machine Wizard?

To add a single disk to your new VM Signup and view all the answers

What type of disk allows a VM direct access to underlying storage rather than a virtual hard disk?

Pass-through disk Signup and view all the answers

What is a snapshot of a virtual machine?

A captured image of the state, data, and hardware configuration of a virtual machine at a particular moment in time Signup and view all the answers

What is the default type of virtual hard disk that can be created using the New Virtual Machine Wizard?

Dynamically expanding disk using VHDX format Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the DHCP server application?

To respond to client requests for TCP/IP configuration settings Signup and view all the answers

What is manual allocation in DHCP?

Pre-allocating a particular IP address to a single device Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the DHCP communications protocol?

To define the formats and sequences of messages exchanged by DHCP clients and servers Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between scope options and server options in DHCP?

Scope options are supplied only to clients receiving addresses from a particular scope, while server options are supplied to all clients Signup and view all the answers

What is the boot vendor information extension in DHCP?

A set of options that include subnet mask, router, domain name server, host name, and domain name Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of DHCP extensions?

To provide parameters that govern the DHCP lease negotiation and renewal processes Signup and view all the answers

What is a reservation in DHCP?

A manually allocated address assigned to a single device Signup and view all the answers

What is the DHCP client responsible for in the DHCP process?

To issue requests to servers for TCP/IP configuration settings Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Creating and Configuring Virtual Machine Storage

Virtual hard disk (VHD) format allows part of a physical disk to appear as a physical hard drive to a VM.

Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) Formats

Fixed hard disk image: allocates the entire space allotted to it during VM creation.
Dynamic hard disk image: can hold various volume types (simple, spanned, mirrored, striped, RAID-5) and may consist of several physical disks.
Differencing hard disk image: stores changes made to another VHD or the guest operating system.

Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) and Virtual Hard Disk (VHDX) Comparison

VHD:
- Limited to 2 TB
- Compatible with all versions of Hyper-V, Virtual Server, and Virtual PC
VHDX:
- Up to 64 TB
- Supports 4 KB logical sector size
- Not backwards compatible

Creating a Virtual Hard Disk using the New Virtual Machine Wizard

The wizard includes a Connect Virtual Hard Disk page that allows adding a single disk to a new VM with three options:
- Create a virtual hard disk: specifies name, location, and size of a new virtual hard disk (only creates dynamically expanding VHDX disk).
- Use an existing virtual hard disk: specifies location of an existing VHD or VHDX disk.
- Attach a virtual hard disk later: prevents the wizard from adding virtual disks to the VM configuration, assuming addition will be done manually before starting the VM.

Pass-through Disk

Also known as directly attached disks, allowing a VM direct access to underlying storage rather than a virtual hard disk.

Snapshot

A captured image of a VM's state, data, and hardware configuration at a particular moment in time.

DHCP Service

Automatically configures IP address and other TCP/IP settings on network computers
Assigns addresses from a pool (called a scope) and reclaims them when no longer in use

DHCP Components

DHCP server application: responds to client requests for TCP/IP configuration settings
DHCP client: issues requests to servers and applies received TCP/IP configuration settings
DHCP communications protocol: defines formats and sequences of messages exchanged between clients and servers

IP Address Allocation Methods

Dynamic allocation: assigns memory space during execution time
Automatic allocation: server administrator creates a configuration with IP addresses for clients
Manual allocation: a particular IP address is pre-allocated to a single device by an administrator

DHCP Extensions

Provide parameters for DHCP lease negotiation and renewal processes
Options include:
- Requested IP Address
- IP Address Lease Time
- Server Identifier
- Parameter Request List
- Message
- Renewal (T1) time value
- Rebinding (T2) time value

DHCP Message Types

DHCPDISCOVER
DHCPOFFER
DHCPREQUEST
DHCPDECLINE
DHCPACK
DHCPNAK
DHCPRELEASE
DHCPINFORM

Configuring DHCP Options

Windows DHCP server supports two kinds of options:
- Scope options: supplied only to clients receiving addresses from a particular scope
- Server options: supplied to all clients receiving addresses from the server
Reservation: a manually allocated address

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Description

Learn about virtual hard disk (VHD) formats and configurations, including fixed and dynamic hard disk images, and how they work with virtual machines.