Conditional Expressions and Operators

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Questions and Answers

Given x = 5 and y = 10, predict the output of the following Python code snippet:

print("A") if x > y else print("=") if x == y else print("B")

  • Error
  • B (correct)
  • =
  • A

What distinguishes a ternary operator from binary and unary operators in Python?

  • Ternary operators can only be used with integer operands.
  • Ternary operators are evaluated at compile time, while binary and unary operators are evaluated at runtime.
  • Ternary operators are exclusive to boolean expressions, while binary and unary operators are not.
  • Ternary operators require three operands, while binary and unary operators require two and one, respectively. (correct)

Examine the code:

a = 15
b = 10

print("A") if a > b else print("=") if a == b else print("B")

What will be the output?

  • B
  • A (correct)
  • =
  • No output

Under what circumstance is the pass statement essential within if statements in Python?

<p>When an <code>if</code> statement requires no executable code but syntactical completeness. (C)</p>
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Consider the code:

a = 5
b = 5

print("Yes") if a > b else print("Equal") if a == b else print("No")

What will be printed?

<p>Equal (B)</p>
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If you need to execute a block of code only when two conditions are true, which logical operator should you use in your if statement?

<p>and (D)</p>
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What is the outcome of the following code block?

a = 100
b = 200
if not a > b:
    print("a is not greater than b")
else:
    print("a is greater than b")

<p>a is not greater than b (A)</p>
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What will the following code print?

a = [1, 2, 3]
if 4 not in a:
    print("4 is not in the list")
else:
    print("4 is in the list")

<p>4 is not in the list (A)</p>
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Given the following list, what will be printed by the code below?

my_list = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
if "banana" in my_list:
    print("Banana found!")
else:
    print("Banana not found!")

<p>Banana found! (A)</p>
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Consider the following code:

x = 5
y = 10
if x > y or x < y:
    print("Condition is true")
else:
    print("Condition is false")

What will the output be?

<p>Condition is true (D)</p>
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Analyze the following Python code. What output would it produce?

a = 7
if a % 2 == 0:
    print("Even")
else:
    print("Odd")

<p>Odd (D)</p>
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What is the simplified equivalent of the following nested if statements using elif?

score = 75
if score >= 90:
    print("A")
else:
    if score >= 80:
        print("B")
    else:
        if score >= 70:
            print("C")
        else:
            print("D")

<pre><code class="language-python">score = 75 if score &gt;= 90: print(&quot;A&quot;) elif score &gt;= 80: print(&quot;B&quot;) elif score &gt;= 70: print(&quot;C&quot;) else: print(&quot;D&quot;) ``` (C) </code></pre>
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Determine the output of this code snippet:

x = 10
y = 5

if x > y and y > 0:
    print("Both conditions are true")
else:
    print("At least one condition is false")

<p>Both conditions are true (A)</p>
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Examine this code. What will be the result?

a = 10
b = 5
if not a < b:
    print("a is not less than b")
else:
    print("a is less than b")

<p>a is not less than b (C)</p>
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Consider the following code snippet that determines if a number is positive, negative or zero. Choose the option that uses elif statements to achieve the intended outcome most efficiently.

num = -5
# Missing Code

<pre><code class="language-python">if num &gt; 0: print(&quot;Positive number&quot;) elif num &lt; 0: print(&quot;Negative number&quot;) elif num == 0: print(&quot;Zero&quot;) ``` (D) </code></pre>
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If x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], what will the following code output?

if 3 in x and 6 not in x:
    print("Condition met")
else:
    print("Condition not met")

<p>Condition met (B)</p>
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Analyze this code block, and indicate its output:

a = 5
b = 10

if a > b or a == 5:
    print("Condition is true")
else:
    print("Condition is false")

<p>Condition is true (B)</p>
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Consider the following code:

a = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
if "orange" not in a:
    print("Orange is not in the list")
else:
    print("Orange is in the list")

What output will this code produce?

<p>Orange is not in the list (D)</p>
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What is the output of the following code?

x, y = 5, 5
if x > y:
    print("x is greater than y")
elif x < y:
    print("x is less than y")
else:
    print("x is equal to y")

<p>x is equal to y (A)</p>
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What output will the following code produce?

a = 10
if a % 2 == 0 and a > 5:
    print("Condition is met")
else:
    print("Condition is not met")

<p>Condition is met (C)</p>
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Predict the output of this code:

 a = 5
 if a > 10:
  print("Greater than 10")
 elif a > 5:
  print("Greater than 5")
 else:
  print("Not greater than 5")

<p>Not greater than 5 (C)</p>
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Given the following code, what output will be generated?

list1 = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
if "date" in list1:
    print("Date is in list1")
else:
    print("Date is not in list1")

<p>Date is not in list1 (D)</p>
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What is the result of the following code execution?

a = 0
if a > 0:
    print("Positive")
elif a < 0:
    print("Negative")
else:
    print("Zero")

<p>Zero (B)</p>
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Consider the values x = 7 and y = 3. What will the following code print?

if x % y == 1:
    print("Remainder is 1")
elif x % y == 2:
    print("Remainder is 2")
else:
    print("No specific remainder")

<p>Remainder is 1 (A)</p>
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What does the following code output?

a = 15
b = 25
if (a > 10 and b < 20) or (a < 10 and b > 20):
    print("Condition is True")
else:
    print("Condition is False")

<p>Condition is False (D)</p>
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Predict what the following code will output.

list_a = [1, 2, 3]
list_b = [4, 5, 6]

if 7 not in list_a and 4 in list_b:
    print("Both conditions are met.")
else:
    print("At least one condition is not met.")

<p>Both conditions are met. (B)</p>
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Given the code:

x = 10
y = 20

if x > y:
    pass
else:
    print("y is greater than or equal to x")

What is the output?

<p>y is greater than or equal to x (B)</p>
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Flashcards

What is a short hand if?

A way to write an if statement on a single line.

What is a short hand if...else?

A short hand if statement that includes an else condition.

What are operand categories?

Operators categorized by the number of operands they take: unary, binary, and ternary.

What is a unary operator?

An operator that requires only one operand.

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What is a binary operator?

An operator that requires two operands.

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What is a ternary operator?

An operator that requires three operands.

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What does the and keyword do?

A logical operator that combines conditional statements.

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What does the or keyword do?

A logical operator that combines conditional statements; will execute if at least one condition is true.

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What does the not keyword do?

A logical operator that reverses the result of a condition.

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What is the pass statement?

A statement that does nothing; used as a placeholder.

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What are membership operators?

Operators used to check if a sequence is present in an object.

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What is a list in Python?

A data structure used to store multiple items in a single variable, created using square brackets.

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What is the use of 'in' operator?

This operator Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is present in the object.

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What is the use of 'not in' operator?

This operator Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is not present in the object.

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How to determine if a number is odd or even?

If the remainder when a number is divided by 2 is 0, it is even; otherwise, it is odd.

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What are elif statements?

Code that allows for checking multiple conditions in sequence for example: if, elif, and else.

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Study Notes

Short Hand If

  • Enables putting a single statement to execute on the same line as the if statement.
  • Allows having one statement for if and one for else on the same line.
  • This technique is known as Ternary Operators or Conditional Expressions.
  • It is possible to have multiple else statements on the same line.
  • Unary operators: Require one operand (e.g., a++, a--, ++a, --b, -a).
  • Binary operators: Require two operands (e.g., a + b, a=b, a==b, a > 3).
  • Ternary operators: Require three operands (e.g., condition ? val1 : val2).

Application of If Statements

  • The "and" keyword is a logical operator used to combine conditional statements.
  • The "or" keyword is a logical operator used to combine conditional statements.
  • The "not" keyword is a logical operator used to reverse the result of the conditional statement.
  • The "pass" statement is used in an if statement with no content to avoid getting an error.

Membership Operators

  • Used to test if a sequence is presented in an object.
  • "in" operator: Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is present in the object (e.g., x in y).
  • "not in" operator: Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is not present in the object (e.g., x not in y).
  • Lists are used to store multiple items in a single variable and are created using square brackets.
  • Lists are one of 4 built-in data types in Python used to store collections of data, the other 3 are Tuple, Set, and Dictionary, all with different qualities and usage.

Odd/Even Determination Program

  • When a is divided by 2, if the remainder is 0, it is even
  • When a is divided by 2, if the remainder is not 0, it is odd

Program to compare two numbers

  • Using elif statements will allow for more efficient coding

Grade Calculation Program

  • A program can be written to calculate grades using elif statements

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