C-Language: Ternary Operators, Nested If-Else, and Switch Case Statements Quiz

C-Language Topics: Ternary Operators, Nested If-Else, and Switch Case Statements

Ternary Operators

A ternary operator is a shorthand way to implement a conditional statement in C. It is also known as the conditional operator. The general syntax of a ternary operator is (condition)? true_statement : false_statement. If the condition is true, the true_statement is executed, and if the condition is false, the false_statement is executed. Here's an example:

int x = 5;
int y = 10;
x > y ? printf("True.\n") : printf("False.\n");

In this example, x > y ? true_statement : false_statement can be read as "If x is greater than y, print 'True.' Otherwise, print 'False.'" The output would be "False." because 5 <= 10.

Nested If-Else Statements

Nested if statements are used when you need multiple conditions to be checked within another condition. They allow for more complex decision making in your program. Here's an example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int x = 5;
    int y = 10;
    
    // Check if x is less than or equal to y
    if (x < y) {
        // Check if x is odd
        if (x % 2 == 1) {
            printf("x is an odd number.\n");
        } else {
            printf("x is an even number.\n");
        }
    } else {
        printf("y is greater than x.\n");
    }
    
    return 0;
}

In this example, we first check if x < y. If the condition is true, we then check if x is odd. Depending on the result of each condition, different output statements are printed. The output would be "x is an odd number." because 5 is less than 10, and 5 is also an odd number.

Switch Case Statements

The switch case statement is a more efficient alternative to using many nested if-else statements. It allows you to evaluate multiple conditions in one place. Here's an example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int x = 3;
    
    // Evaluate which case matches the value of x
    switch (x) {
        case 1:
            printf("x is 1.\n");
            break;
        case 2:
            printf("x is 2.\n");
            break;
        default:
            printf("x is not 1 or 2.\n");
            break;
    }
    
    return 0;
}

In this example, we have three cases: case 1, case 2, and default. The switch expression evaluates to x, so it tries to find a match with any of these cases. Since x is 3, there is no exact match, so the program goes through the rest of the code. Finally, it reaches the default case, which prints "x is not 1 or 2."

These operators are just a few examples of decision-making tools provided by the C programming language. They enable developers to make complex decisions based on various conditions and input values, making their programs more robust and versatile.

Test your knowledge on Ternary Operators, Nested If-Else Statements, and Switch Case Statements in C programming. Explore how these decision-making tools are implemented and their significance in writing efficient code.