Concrete Curing Methods

The curing water should not be more than about ______ °C cooler than the concrete to prevent thermal stresses that result in cracking.

Fogging and sprinkling with ______ are excellent methods of curing when the ambient temperature is well above freezing and the humidity is low.

Liquid membrane-forming compounds consisting of ______, resins, chlorinated rubber, and other materials can be used to retard or reduce evaporation of moisture from concrete.

Curing compounds should be able to maintain the relative humidity of the concrete surface above ______ % for seven days to sustain cement hydration.

The period of time that concrete should be protected from ______, abnormally high temperatures, and against loss of moisture depends upon a number of factors.

For concrete slabs on ground and for structural concrete, the length of the curing period for ambient temperatures above ______ °C should be a minimum of 7 days.

The type and quality of ______ materials used can affect the length of the curing period.

Required ______, size and shape of the concrete member can affect the length of the curing period.

A higher curing ______ provides earlier strength gain in concrete than a lower temperature.

Isolation joints permit both horizontal and vertical differential ______ at adjoining parts of a structure.

Contraction joints provide for ______ in the plane of a slab or wall.

Joints induce controlled ______ caused by drying and thermal shrinkage at preselected locations.

If no contraction joints are used, or if they are too widely spaced in slabs on ground, random ______ may occur.

Construction joints are stopping points in the ______ process.

A true construction joint should bond new ______ to existing concrete and permit no movement.

Construction-joint types (a) and (b) are also used as ______ joints.

The compacting factor test measures the inherent characteristics of the ______ which relates very close to the workability requirements of concrete.

The slump test is responsible for its widespread use due to its ______ and simplicity.

The compacting factor test is designed primarily for use in the ______ but it can also be used in the field.

The ______ test is designed primarily for use in the laboratory but it can also be used in the field.

The degree of compaction, called the ______ factor, is measured by the density ratio.

The compacting factor test is particularly useful for ______ mixes of very low workability.

The range of ______ factor is from 0.78 to 0.95 and concrete with high fluidity has a higher ______ factor.

ASTM C360 covers the ______ ball penetration test.

Bleeding is the development of a layer of ______ at the top or surface of freshly placed concrete.

Some bleeding is normal and it should not diminish the quality of properly placed, finished, and cured ______.

Excessive bleeding increases the ______-cement ratio near the top surface which creates a weak top layer with poor durability.

Lack of ______ water on concrete flat work can sometimes lead to plastic shrinkage cracking or a dry surface that is difficult to finish.

The most effective means of reducing bleeding in concrete include reducing the ______ content.

Batching is the process of measuring quantities of ______ mixture ingredients by either mass or volume and introducing them into the mixer.

Using finer ______ materials can help reduce bleeding in concrete.

Increasing the amount of ______ in the sand can help reduce bleeding in concrete.

Truck-mixed concrete is mixed completely in a ______ mixer

The process of remixing of concrete, if necessary, with addition of just the required quantity of ______ is known as “Retempering of Concrete”

Sometimes, a small quantity of extra ______ is also added while retempering.

Many specifications do not permit ______ of concrete.

The precaution to be taken while transporting concrete is that the ______ obtained at the time of mixing should be maintained while being transported to the final place of deposition.

Concrete can be transported by a variety of methods and ______.

One of the methods adopted for transportation of concrete is ______ and Dumpers.

Another method of transporting concrete is by using ______ and Pipe Line.

One of the unusual methods of transporting concrete is by using a ______.

Concrete can be transported by a ______ Conveyors.