Concepts of Hemostasis and Thrombosis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the potential outcome of venous thrombosis known as?

  • Pulmonary Embolism (correct)
  • Hemorrhage
  • Arteriosclerosis
  • Aneurysm

Which gene mutation is commonly associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis in Caucasians?

  • Antithrombin III mutation
  • Factor XIII gene mutation
  • Protein C mutation
  • Factor V gene mutation (correct)

What diagnostic method is used for detecting pulmonary embolism and other vascular abnormalities?

  • Endoscopy
  • Doppler ultrasound (correct)
  • Echocardiography
  • Electrocardiogram

Which laboratory test is recommended for monitoring unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs)?

<p>Anti-Xa level test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Leiden mutation associated with in terms of clotting risk?

<p>Increased risk of venous thrombosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is not typically tested in laboratory evaluation for thrombotic disorders?

<p>Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs has efficacy for non Q wave, Non STEMI, and unstable angina?

<p>Tirofiban (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is needed to activate clopidogrel, and is estimated to be low in 2-14% of the US population?

<p>CYP 2C19 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the timeframe within which platelet aggregation is restored after cessation of eptifibatide infusion?

<p>6 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is a nonpeptide IIbIIIa inhibitor given before and after angioplasty or atherectomy?

<p>Tirofiban (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of eptifibatide and tirofiban in inhibiting platelet aggregation?

<p>Antiplatelet effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern regarding the adverse effects of Aspirin?

<p>Gastric and duodenal ulcers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interaction with Aspirin can lead to increased bleeding?

<p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major metabolic pathway for Aspirin?

<p>Salicyl phenolic glucuronide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of individuals is NOT recommended to receive Aspirin according to the text?

<p>Children less than 12 years old (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect associated with Aspirin use in asthmatics?

<p>Tinnitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the therapeutic uses of Aspirin as mentioned in the text?

<p>Secondary prevention of coronary events like stroke and MI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Abciximab (ReoPro) in preventing platelet aggregation?

<p>Inhibiting the activation of GPIIb (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why must GP IIB/IIIA receptor antagonists like Tirofiban be given by continuous infusion?

<p>Because of their short half-lives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Dipyridamole is TRUE?

<p>It may be used for myocardial stress testing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does aspirin-dipyridamole (Aggrenox®) help in preventing CVA after stroke/TIA?

<p>By inhibiting thromboxane A2 activation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor may reverse the effects of an overdose of Abciximab (ReoPro)?

<p>Aminophylline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should Abciximab (ReoPro) not be used if CrCl is less than 10mL/min?

<p>Concerns about renal clearance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of PRAXBIND (IDARUCIZUMAB)?

<p>Reversing complete anticoagulation caused by Pradaxa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse reaction is associated with the administration of PRAXBIND?

<p>Hypokalemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of Vorapaxar (Zontivity)?

<p>Platelet aggregation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Vorapaxar contraindicated in patients with a history of intracranial bleeds or stroke?

<p>To avoid thromboembolic risk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the half-life of Vorapaxar compare to that of PRAXBIND (IDARUCIZUMAB)?

<p>PRAXBIND has a longer half-life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drug interaction affects the exposure of Vorapaxar?

<p>Potent CYP3A4 inducers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor?

<p>Prevents activation of factors IX and X (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which platelet receptor is involved in platelet adhesion to exposed collagen?

<p>GpIb (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the formation of a primary hemostatic plug on the platelet surface?

<p>ADP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is important for platelet aggregation along with ADP and thrombin?

<p>Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is synthesized by endothelial cells and activates the extrinsic clotting cascade?

<p>Tissue factor (factor III) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of GpIIb-IIIa receptors in platelet aggregation?

<p>Bind fibrinogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main metabolic pathway for Clopidogrel (Plavix)?

<p>Liver excretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which CYP2C19 inhibitor can decrease the action of Clopidogrel on platelets?

<p>Cimetidine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main therapeutic use of Prasugrel (Effient)?

<p>Prevention of thrombotic events after TIA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is a black box warning associated with the use of Prasugrel?

<p>Fatal bleeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should Prasugrel be avoided in patients with cerebrovascular disease or aged over 75?

<p>Reduced effectiveness on platelets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What class of drugs should be monitored when initiating treatment with Prasugrel to avoid adverse effects?

<p>Statins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is used for prevention of CVA after stroke/TIA and may be used for myocardial stress testing?

<p>Dipyridamole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why must GP IIB/IIIA receptor antagonists be given by continuous infusion?

<p>To ensure consistent platelet inhibition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is a Fab fragment of a human monoclonal antibody with a duration of action lasting 18-24 hours?

<p>Abciximab (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if major bleeding occurs while using Abciximab (ReoPro)?

<p>Platelet transfusion may reverse aggregation defect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of GP IIB/IIIA receptor antagonists like Eptifibatide and Tirofiban?

<p>Binding to glycoprotein receptor IIbIIIa preventing aggregation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should Aspirin-Dipyridamole (Aggrenox®) not be used if CrCl is less than 10mL/min?

<p>Reduced efficacy due to impaired clearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should Betrixaban not be used in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation?

<p>Increased risk of stroke (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used as an antidote for Betrixaban (Bevyxxa) in case of overdose?

<p>Andexxa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended duration of Betrixaban (Bevyxxa) therapy for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis?

<p>35-42 days (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication should have its dose reduced when co-administered with P-glycoprotein inhibitors like quinidine and ketoconazole?

<p>Betrixaban (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effective half-life of Betrixaban (Bevyxxa)?

<p>19-27 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take for PRAXBIND (IDARUCIZUMAB) to achieve complete anticoagulation reversal?

<p>4 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse reaction is NOT associated with the administration of PRAXBIND (IDARUCIZUMAB)?

<p>Thromboembolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of Vorapaxar (Zontivity)?

<p>PAR-1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is estimated to be low in 2-14% of the US population and is needed to activate clopidogrel?

<p>CYP2C19 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of Vorapaxar (Zontivity) administration?

<p>Hypokalemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the circulating half-life of Vorapaxar (Zontivity)?

<p>~3 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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