Concept of Self in Western Philosophy

Self-knowledge refers to understanding one's own learning, character, motivations, and capabilities. This involves recognizing personal experiences, sensations, attitudes, and beliefs.
Self-activity is the independent and self-determined action of an individual. It involves making decisions and carrying out actions based on personal thought, not external influence.
Self-independence centers on the inner self, emphasizing individual attributes like abilities and natural intelligence. This fosters a sense of self-worth and contributes to goal achievement.
Self-identity defines the unique characteristics that distinguish an individual from others. It encompasses recognizing one's potential and individuality.
Self-image is a mental picture of oneself that influences perspectives on abilities, personality, and roles. It represents how individuals see and feel about themselves.

Socrates believed that understanding the self meant "knowing thyself," emphasizing the importance of self-awareness and aligning actions with one's true nature.
Aristotle viewed the self as the soul, the core essence of a living being, inseparable from the body. He saw the soul as the form that gives life its unique qualities.
Rene Descartes viewed consciousness as the foundation of the self, recognizing the observer-observed dynamic that shapes thinking and guides behavior.
David Hume argued that the mind is a collection of perceptions and experiences connected by cause-and-effect and resemblance.
John Locke believed that the self resides in consciousness, which encompasses thoughts and experiences. He equated the self with personal identity, shaped by reason and reflection.

Hindu Philosophy emphasizes the "Atman," the true self residing within human identities, believed to be identical to God. The concept of "Brahman" represents the universal principle and ultimate reality.
Buddhist Philosophy focuses on understanding the nature of the self through the "Five Skandhas," which are form, sensation, perception, mental formation, and consciousness.
Confucian Philosophy defines the adult self as an achieved state of moral excellence, emphasizing the development of character through upbringing and environment. It prioritizes personality formation over inherent existence.

Mitosis is a cell division process that results in two genetically identical diploid daughter cells. It is essential for growth, development, repair, and asexual reproduction.
Meiosis is a cell division process that produces four genetically diverse haploid gametes (sex cells). It is essential for sexual reproduction.
Sex Determination refers to the biological process that determines an individual's sex.
Genetic Sex Determination is the most common method, where sex is determined by inherited chromosomes from parents.

During reproduction, both parents contribute an equal number of chromosomes, resulting in 23 pairs (46 total) in a typical individual.

Nature proponents argue that genetics influence behavior traits.
Nurture proponents argue that human behavior is learned through social interactions and experiences.

St. Augustine pondered the relationship between beauty and delight, questioning whether beauty is a source of delight or a consequence of it.
Plato connected beauty to love and desire.
Aristotle believed that order, symmetry, and definiteness were chief forms of beauty.
David Hume believed that beauty is a subjective perception, not an inherent quality of objects.
Francis Hutcheson believed that beauty is perceived through sight.

Body Image refers to the perception and feelings about one's own body.
Appearance encompasses all visible aspects of a person, including how they present themselves to others.
Self-Esteem represents the overall evaluation of one's self-worth and can significantly impact body image.
Confidence is a belief in one's capabilities and can fluctuate depending on the situation.

Body Dissatisfaction: Negative thoughts about one's own body.
Depression: A mood disorder characterized by persistent sadness and loss of interest.
Low Self-Esteem: Lack of confidence in oneself and one's abilities.

Bulimia: An eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging behaviors.
Anorexia Nervosa: An eating disorder characterized by food restriction, body image disturbance, intense fear of gaining weight, and a strong desire to be thin.

Chlamydia is a bacterial infection often asymptomatic, but if untreated, can lead to complications.
Genital Warts are caused by HPV and are typically treatable.
Gonorrhea is a bacterial infection that can cause serious health complications if left untreated.
Hepatitis B is a viral liver infection preventable through vaccination.
HIV weakens the immune system, increasing vulnerability to infections.
HPV is the most common STI, often asymptomatic, but some types can cause cancer.
Syphilis is a bacterial infection that can cause serious health complications if left untreated.