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Questions and Answers
What is the aggregate of units lying under the area of study called?
population
What is the term for examining all units under the field of inquiry?
census inquiry
What is an example of a finite population?
students of a university
What type of population has an uncountable number of units?
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The census is conducted every five years.
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What is the term for the aggregate of the representative units drawn from the population?
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What is a sampling frame?
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What is the difference between probability and non-probability sampling?
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Which of the following is a non-probability sampling technique?
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Convenience sampling is the most expensive sampling method.
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Why is convenience sampling not considered a true representative of the population?
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Study Notes
Concept of Sampling, Population and Sample
- Population: The entire group of individuals, objects, or data points that a researcher is interested in studying.
- Census: A complete enumeration or survey of every unit in a population, collecting information from each member.
- Finite Population: A population with a countable number of units, like students in a university.
- Infinite Population: A population with an uncountable number of units, like all flowers in a city.
- Sample Study: A study that involves selecting a representative subset (sample) from the population to collect information and infer characteristics about the entire population.
- Sample: A subset of units selected from the population to represent its characteristics.
Sampling Frame and Design
- Sampling Units: Individual elements or units selected from the population to be included in the sample.
- Sampling Frame: A list or a defined source of all sampling units in a population used for drawing a sample. Example: A telephone directory used for an opinion poll.
- Sampling Design: A predetermined plan or procedure used to select the sample from the sampling frame, ensuring representativeness and accuracy.
Types of Sampling Methods
- Probability Sampling: Selecting samples based on a random mechanism, ensuring each unit has a known chance of being selected.
- Non-Probability Sampling: Selecting samples based on subjective criteria or convenience without random selection, making generalization to the population difficult.
Non-Probability Sampling Techniques
- Convenience Sampling: Selecting units based on accessibility and ease of access, often leading to a biased sample.
- Judgemental Sampling: Selecting units based on the researcher's judgment and knowledge about the topic, often used when specific expertise is needed.
- Quota Sampling: Selecting units to achieve a specific distribution of characteristics in the sample to mirror the population's proportions.
- Snowball Sampling: Selecting units based on referrals and connections from existing participants, building a sample network.
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Description
This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of sampling, populations, and samples used in research. Understand the differences between finite and infinite populations, as well as the sampling frame and design. Test your knowledge on how to effectively select samples representative of a larger population.
