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Questions and Answers
Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, and emotions between two or more individuals.
Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, and emotions between two or more individuals.
True (A)
Lasswell's model of communication identifies the source, message, medium, and receiver as part of the communication process.
Lasswell's model of communication identifies the source, message, medium, and receiver as part of the communication process.
True (A)
Nonverbal communication includes only written texts.
Nonverbal communication includes only written texts.
False (B)
Intrapersonal communication refers to communication between two or more people.
Intrapersonal communication refers to communication between two or more people.
Visual communication can include images, graphics, and videos.
Visual communication can include images, graphics, and videos.
Mass communication typically reaches only a small audience.
Mass communication typically reaches only a small audience.
Verbal communication involves language-based methods such as speaking and sign language.
Verbal communication involves language-based methods such as speaking and sign language.
Communication has no effect on public opinion and behavior.
Communication has no effect on public opinion and behavior.
A telephone is considered a filtering technology in the communication process.
A telephone is considered a filtering technology in the communication process.
Decoding refers to the process of converting transmitted impulses into meaningful signs.
Decoding refers to the process of converting transmitted impulses into meaningful signs.
Feedback occurs when a receiver responds to a message, confirming its delivery.
Feedback occurs when a receiver responds to a message, confirming its delivery.
Noise can enhance the clarity of the communication being delivered.
Noise can enhance the clarity of the communication being delivered.
Written communication includes mediums such as letters and reports.
Written communication includes mediums such as letters and reports.
Channels in communication are pathways that send messages but do not involve the receiver.
Channels in communication are pathways that send messages but do not involve the receiver.
All communication channels have the same advantages and disadvantages.
All communication channels have the same advantages and disadvantages.
Digital communication includes forms like television and radio.
Digital communication includes forms like television and radio.
Small group communication involves interaction among two individuals.
Small group communication involves interaction among two individuals.
Organizational communication can occur in both formal and informal environments.
Organizational communication can occur in both formal and informal environments.
Public communication only takes place in small gatherings.
Public communication only takes place in small gatherings.
The process of communication includes steps such as encoding, transmission, decoding, and feedback.
The process of communication includes steps such as encoding, transmission, decoding, and feedback.
Osgood and Schramm’s model focuses on large group communication.
Osgood and Schramm’s model focuses on large group communication.
Shannon and Weaver's model illustrates communication solely between one sender and multiple receivers.
Shannon and Weaver's model illustrates communication solely between one sender and multiple receivers.
Encoding is the step where the receiver interprets the message.
Encoding is the step where the receiver interprets the message.
Feedback in the communication process serves to confirm understanding between sender and receiver.
Feedback in the communication process serves to confirm understanding between sender and receiver.
The principle of clarity in communication emphasizes the use of technical terms to enhance understanding.
The principle of clarity in communication emphasizes the use of technical terms to enhance understanding.
Audience analysis involves understanding factors such as age, gender, and interests to tailor messages effectively.
Audience analysis involves understanding factors such as age, gender, and interests to tailor messages effectively.
Conciseness in media communication means providing unnecessary details and distractions.
Conciseness in media communication means providing unnecessary details and distractions.
Relevance in communication refers to the importance of maintaining a consistent style throughout the media message.
Relevance in communication refers to the importance of maintaining a consistent style throughout the media message.
Media literacy equips individuals to critically evaluate media messages and recognize biases.
Media literacy equips individuals to critically evaluate media messages and recognize biases.
A fundamental aspect of audience analysis is identifying the emotional, informational, or entertainment needs of the audience.
A fundamental aspect of audience analysis is identifying the emotional, informational, or entertainment needs of the audience.
Consistency in communication is irrelevant as each message can have a different style.
Consistency in communication is irrelevant as each message can have a different style.
Effective communication principles only apply to written media and not to audio or visual formats.
Effective communication principles only apply to written media and not to audio or visual formats.
Flashcards
What is communication?
What is communication?
Communication is the process of sharing ideas, information, and emotions between two or more people. It involves a message, a source, a receiver, and a channel.
Lasswell's Model of Communication
Lasswell's Model of Communication
Lasswell's model of communication breaks down the process into five key elements: who (the source), says what (the message), through which channel (the medium), to whom (the receiver), with what effect?
What is Verbal Communication?
What is Verbal Communication?
Verbal communication is language-based communication, including speaking, writing, and sign language. It's used for directly conveying thoughts and ideas.
What is Nonverbal Communication?
What is Nonverbal Communication?
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What is Visual Communication?
What is Visual Communication?
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What is Intrapersonal Communication?
What is Intrapersonal Communication?
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What is Interpersonal Communication?
What is Interpersonal Communication?
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What is Mass Communication?
What is Mass Communication?
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Information Source
Information Source
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Message
Message
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Encoding
Encoding
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Transmitter
Transmitter
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Channel
Channel
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Decoding
Decoding
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Noise
Noise
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Receiver
Receiver
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Small Group Communication
Small Group Communication
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Organizational Communication
Organizational Communication
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Public Communication
Public Communication
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Transmission
Transmission
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Feedback
Feedback
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Osgood and Schramm’s Model of Interpersonal Communication
Osgood and Schramm’s Model of Interpersonal Communication
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Clarity in Media
Clarity in Media
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Conciseness in Media
Conciseness in Media
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Relevance in Media
Relevance in Media
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Consistency in Media
Consistency in Media
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Audience Analysis
Audience Analysis
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Demographics in Media
Demographics in Media
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Interests in Media
Interests in Media
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Needs in Media
Needs in Media
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Study Notes
Definition of Concept Communications
- Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, and emotions between two or more individuals.
- This involves transmitting a message from a source to a receiver.
- Communication is crucial for building relationships, sharing knowledge, and achieving common goals.
- Harold Lasswell (1948) suggested a convenient way to describe communication by answering these questions: Who? Says what? Through which channel? To whom? With what effect?
Lasswell's Model of Communication
- A simple model of communication.
- A source sends a message through a medium to a receiver producing some effect.
Types of Communication
- Verbal: Language-based communication (speaking, writing, sign language) used to convey thoughts and ideas.
- Nonverbal: Body language, facial expressions, and gestures play a crucial role in conveying emotions, attitudes, and unspoken messages.
- Visual: Images, graphics, and videos are powerful for conveying complex information quickly and effectively.
Forms of Communication
- Intrapersonal: Communication with oneself, including thoughts, feelings, and self-reflection, crucial for self-awareness and decision-making.
- Interpersonal: Communication between two or more people, including conversations, relationships, and social interactions, essential for building connections and understanding.
- Mass Communication: Communication through media channels (television, radio, internet) that reaches a large audience and can influence public opinion and behavior.
- Small Group Communication: Communication among three or more individuals.
- Organizational Communication: Interaction of individuals in a formal working environment.
- Public Communication: One person speaking to a large group of people (e.g., a professor, candidate).
Process of Communication
- Encoding: The sender formulates the message.
- Transmission: The message is conveyed through a chosen channel.
- Decoding: The receiver interprets the message.
- Feedback: The receiver's response to the message, confirming understanding or prompting clarification.
Osgood and Schramm's Model of Interpersonal Communication (1954)
- Depicts communication between two or a few people.
- Individuals signal to each other using voices, facial expressions, hand gestures, and other signs (e.g., clothing).
Shannon and Weaver Model of Interpersonal Communication (1948)
- Depicts communication between two people using a medium.
- It includes factors like the information source, transmitter, channel, receiver, destination, and noise source.
Elements of Interpersonal Communication
- Source/Sender: The originator of the message.
- Encoding: Translating thoughts into a message.
- Transmitter: Physically sending the message.
- Channel/Carrier: The pathway for the message (e.g., sight, sound, smell).
- Decoding: Interpreting the message.
- Feedback: Receiver's response.
- Noise: Environmental, mechanical, or semantic disturbances.
- Receiver: The recipient of the message.
Communication Channels
- Face-to-Face: Ideal for real-time conversations, immediate feedback.
- Digital: Email, social media, instant messaging.
- Written: Letters, reports, memos.
- Broadcast: Television, radio, podcasts.
Principles of Communication in Media
- Clarity: Message should be clear, concise, easily understood.
- Conciseness: Message is brief and to the point.
- Relevance: Message is relevant to the audience's interests and needs.
- Consistency: Message maintains a consistent style and tone.
Audience Analysis
- Understanding the audience's demographics (age, gender, income) allows for tailored messages.
- Examining audience interests and needs leads to effective, relevant content.
Media Literacy
- Media literacy is the ability to critically analyze and evaluate media messages.
- Enables informed decision-making, critical thinking skills, and effective communication.
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