Questions and Answers
What does social stratification refer to?
The way people are ranked and ordered in society
What is social differentiation?
How people can be distinguished from one another
How is social stratification different from social differentiation?
Social stratification is the way people are ranked and ordered in society.
What is the meaning of status in the context of social stratification?
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What are the indicators of social stratification according to the text?
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What is meant by 'institutionalized inequality' in the context of social stratification?
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What are ascribed statuses?
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What does power refer to?
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How is wealth defined?
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Which source of income is considered an ascribed status?
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How are dwellings categorized based on the text?
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What determines the social position of a person to a large extent?
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Which factor is attached to power, prestige, and wealth based on the text?
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What are achieved statuses?
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What does prestige refer to?
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What are some examples of sources of income mentioned in the text?
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Study Notes
Social Stratification
- Refers to the hierarchical arrangement of groups or individuals in a society based on their access to resources, power, and prestige
- Involves institutionalized inequality, where social positions are ranked according to wealth, power, and prestige
Social Differentiation
- Refers to the process of distinguishing individuals or groups based on their unique characteristics, such as education, occupation, or lifestyle
- Does not necessarily involve ranking or inequality
Key Concepts
- Status: Refers to an individual's position or rank within a social hierarchy, which determines their access to resources and opportunities
- Indicators of social stratification: Wealth, power, prestige, education, occupation, and income
- Institutionalized inequality: Refers to the way social institutions, such as education and employment, perpetuate and reinforce social inequality
- Ascribed statuses: Refers to social positions or roles assigned to individuals based on characteristics they were born with or acquired involuntarily, such as age, gender, or family background
- Power: Refers to the ability to exert control over others or resources
- Wealth: Refers to the accumulation of valuable resources, such as money, property, or assets
Sources of Income
- Ascribed status: Inheritance, which is considered an ascribed status because it is based on family background
- Examples of sources of income: Wages, salaries, investments, and entrepreneurship
Dwellings
- Categorized based on factors such as location, size, and quality, which affect the social status of their occupants
Determinants of Social Position
- To a large extent, an individual's social position is determined by their family background, occupation, and education
Attached to Power, Prestige, and Wealth
- Social status: Factor that is closely tied to power, prestige, and wealth
Achieved Statuses
- Refers to social positions or roles achieved through individual effort, talent, or merit, such as occupation or education
Prestige
- Refers to the respect, admiration, and esteem associated with a particular social position or status
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