Concentration and Solubility Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the liquid that dissolves a solid in a solution?

Dilute

Solute

Solvent (correct)

Solution

If a solution has a low concentration of solute, it is classified as which of the following?

Unsaturated

Saturated

Concentrated

Dilute (correct)

Which option best describes a concentrated solution?

Contains no solute at all

Contains a high amount of solute relative to solvent (correct)

Contains more solvent than solute

Contains equal amounts of solute and solvent

What distinguishes an insoluble substance from a soluble one?

It does not dissolve in water at all (D) Signup and view all the answers

If the orange-drink crystals did not dissolve in water, what would they be classified as?

Insoluble (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a dilute solution?

A lemonade with very little sugar (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a concentrated solution is diluted?

The amount of solute decreases (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to have the right concentration of solute in a solution?

It determines the flavor and taste of the drink (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is likely to be unsaturated in water?

Sugar (B), Salt (C) Signup and view all the answers

What would most likely happen if you add more drink crystals to a saturated solution?

They will settle at the bottom. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why does temperature affect solubility in water?

Warm water allows for higher kinetic energy of molecules. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is likely to be insoluble in both water and ethanol?

Butter (D) Signup and view all the answers

What do we call the limit where a solution can no longer dissolve additional solute?

Saturated solution (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solute?

Solubility (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these substances is least likely to dissolve in water?

Wax (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to solubility as the temperature increases?

It increases for most solutes. (D) Signup and view all the answers

At 20°C, which solute has the highest solubility in 100 mL of water?

Sugar (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum amount of table salt that can dissolve in 100 mL of water at 20°C?

36.0 g (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the solute particles in a supersaturated solution when cooled?

They lose energy and stay in liquid form. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What would happen when trying to dissolve sugar in a saturated salt solution?

Sugar will not dissolve at all. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How can a supersaturated solution be created?

By cooling a saturated solution slowly from a high temperature. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What could you predict about the solubility of sugar in comparison to salt in a saturated solution of salt?

Sugar will not dissolve at all in the saturated salt solution. (C) Signup and view all the answers

At 50°C, which substance has the lowest solubility in 100 mL of water?

Baking soda (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about solubility is true?

Sugar has a much higher solubility than table salt at room temperature. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a supersaturated solution is disturbed?

Some solute forms a crystal pattern. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a seed crystal used for in a supersaturated solution?

To provide a surface for solute particles to crystallize on. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to making a sugar solution more concentrated?

The quantity of sugar dissolved. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How can you tell the difference between an unsaturated solution and a saturated solution?

A saturated solution will have excess solute at the bottom. (B) Signup and view all the answers

If one person adds a teaspoon of sugar to their tea and another adds four teaspoons, whose tea is likely more concentrated?

The person who added four teaspoons. (C) Signup and view all the answers

When is a solution considered supersaturated?

When it holds more solute than it can normally dissolve at a given temperature. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which property influences the ability of a solute to remain dissolved in a solvent?

The temperature of the solution. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Concentration of Solutions

A solute dissolves in a solvent to form a solution.
Water is a common solvent, used to dissolve solids like orange drink crystals.
Concentration refers to the amount of solute dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution.
A solution with a low concentration is called dilute.
A solution with a high concentration is called concentrated.
The more solute, the more concentrated the solution, and often the stronger the taste.

Solubility

Solubility is a substance's ability to dissolve in a solvent (like water)
Not all substances dissolve in water.
Some substances are soluble in water, meaning they dissolve.
Some substances are insoluble in water, meaning they do not dissolve

Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions

A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature.
Any more added solute will not dissolve and will settle at the bottom.
An unsaturated solution can dissolve more solute.
Solubility depends on temperature; usually more solute can dissolve in warmer solvents.

Supersaturated Solutions

A supersaturated solution holds more solute than is usual for a saturated solution at a given temperature. This is unstable.
Adding a "seed crystal" (a small crystal of the solute) can cause the excess solute to rapidly crystallize out of the solution.

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Description

Explore the fundamental concepts of concentration and solubility in this quiz. Learn about solutes, solvents, and the differences between dilute and concentrated solutions. Test your understanding of saturated and unsaturated solutions, as well as soluble and insoluble substances.