Concave Mirrors: Key Concepts

<p>Object Distance (u) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They retrace their path back through the center of curvature. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Incident ray (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A line perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A smooth surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The bouncing of light (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Object distance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Convex mirror (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focal length (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Image distance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virtual, upright, magnified (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Real, inverted, diminished (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No image is formed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virtual, upright, diminished (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A line passing through the center of curvature and the pole of the mirror. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Refraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Refractive index (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greater bending (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$n = \frac{\sin(i)}{\sin(r)}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The same plane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Refractive index is equal to real depth divided by apparent depth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The denser medium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light travels from a denser to a rarer medium. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>90° (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light refracts away from the normal as it exits the water. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It bends away from the normal. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Total internal reflection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Refractive index (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$\sin(i) = n$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diopters (D) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Power = 1 / Focal length (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Object distance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focal length (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$P = P_1 + P_2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Total internal reflection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light travels slower in water than in air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light from above is refracted within a specific cone of angles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The radius of the circle of light seen from underwater (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are totally internally reflected (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lens becomes thin. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperopia. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>On the retina. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It becomes bulged. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Short-sightedness (Myopia). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The bouncing of light off a surface.

The incoming light ray before it hits a surface.

The outgoing light ray after bouncing off a surface.

A line perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence.

The angle between the incident ray and the normal.

A mirror with the reflecting surface on the inside of the curve.

The distance from the mirror to the object being reflected.

The distance from the mirror to the image formed by reflection.

The point where parallel rays converge after striking the mirror.

The center of the sphere from which the concave mirror is part.

The distance from the mirror's surface to its focal point, found using 1/f = 1/u + 1/v.

$rac{1}{f} = rac{1}{u} + rac{1}{v}$ is used to calculate focal length.

The ratio of image height to object height, expressed as $m = -\frac{v}{u}$.

The position of the image formed by a convex mirror, typically virtual and upright.

Images formed are virtual, diminished, and upright.

The actual distance of an object below the water surface.

The perceived distance of an object when viewed through water.

It relates real depth to apparent depth with n = real/apparent.

Light reflects back into a medium when incidence exceeds the critical angle.

The incidence angle that produces a 90° angle of refraction.

The apparent circular area of light seen from underwater due to refraction.

A measure of how much light bends when entering a medium.

The radius of Snell's window can be calculated using depth and refractive index.

The visible circle from underwater where light exits the surface.

The distance below the water surface where observation is made.

The bending of light as it moves from one medium to another.

The principle that relates the angles of incidence and refraction between two media.

The ratio of the sine of angle of incidence to sine of angle of refraction.

The angle between the refracted ray and the normal line after refraction.

The relationship between incident ray, normal, and refracted ray in the same plane.

Image properties depend on the object's position relative to the focal point and center of curvature.

The image is real, inverted, and diminished when the object is beyond the center of curvature (C).

The image is real, inverted, and magnified when the object is between center of curvature (C) and focal point (F).

When the object is at the focal point (F), no image is formed.

In convex mirrors, the image is always virtual, upright, and diminished for any object position.

The speed of light in a medium, calculated as v_app = v_medium_1 / n.

Lenses are used to magnify images in devices like cameras and telescopes.

The distance between the lens and the focal point; calculated using 1/f = 1/u + 1/v.

The power is the inverse of the focal length, measured in diopters with the formula P = 1/f.

The power of multiple lenses together is the sum of their individual powers: P = P1 + P2.

The focal length of combined lenses is calculated as F = (F1 * F2) / (F1 + F2).

Relaxing these muscles makes the lens thin for distant vision.

Contracting these muscles bulges the lens for near vision.

Condition where nearby objects appear blurry as light focuses before the retina.

Condition where distant objects appear blurry as light focuses in front of the retina.

The retina is where light needs to focus for clear vision.