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Computing Fundamentals Quiz
40 Questions
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Computing Fundamentals Quiz

Created by
@AccomplishedPlumTree

Questions and Answers

What is the basic unit of memory?

  • Kilobyte
  • Bit
  • Byte (correct)
  • Megabyte

    • How many bytes are equal to 1 kilobyte?

  • 1048576
  • 10240
  • 1000
  • 1024 (correct)

    • What is the term for an assembly of electronic components, fabricated as a single unit?

  • Printed Circuit Board
  • Discrete Component
  • Integrated Circuit (correct)
  • Microprocessor

    • How many bytes are equal to 1 terabyte?

    <p>1e12 bytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a binary byte of data?

    <p>Byte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an Integrated Circuit?

    <p>To allow for miniaturised active and passive devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many kilobytes are equal to 1 megabyte?

    <p>1024</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a device the size of a thumb that can store 1 or 2 terabytes of data?

    <p>USB Flash Drive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an operating system?

    <p>To manage the computer's hardware and software resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the CPU of a computer?

    <p>A collection of logic circuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of computers do not necessarily need an operating system?

    <p>Simple computers with one set of tasks to perform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of operating systems used in aircraft systems?

    <p>They are highly customised</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an operating system in managing hardware resources?

    <p>To manage the processor, memory, discs space and so on</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the brain of the computer?

    <p>The CPU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common function of an operating system in an aircraft system?

    <p>To manage the many functions of the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a simple computer that does not need an operating system?

    <p>It has one set of relatively simple tasks to perform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of NAND SSDs?

    <p>They retain data even without a constant power supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are NAND SSDs not suitable for long-term data storage?

    <p>Due to their slow leakage rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of magnetic tape storage?

    <p>It uses serial access memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of magnetic disc storage devices?

    <p>Their direct-access capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the width range of magnetic tape?

    <p>0.5 in. to 1 in.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length range of magnetic tape?

    <p>600 to 3000 ft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are 1s and 0s recorded on magnetic tape?

    <p>As strings of data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the package type used by large computers for magnetic tape?

    <p>Open reel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Read-Only Memory (ROM) in a computer?

    <p>To permanently store often-used instructions and programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main disadvantage of Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM)?

    <p>Once programmed, it cannot be altered or changed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a program entered into a blank Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM)?

    <p>By using a special device to 'burn' the program into PROM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM) over traditional PROM?

    <p>EPROM can be erased and reprogrammed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the memory in a Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM) after it has been programmed?

    <p>It will act as ROM, will not be corrupted or inadvertently erased, and will not erase with loss of power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of programming a Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM)?

    <p>Burning the PROM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of erasing an EPROM with ultraviolet light?

    <p>To clear the EPROM of all data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to program a blank Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM)?

    <p>A special device called a PROM programmer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a software storage medium?

    <p>Flash memory card</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of secondary storage?

    <p>It is used to store programs and data for future use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM) over Read-Only Memory (ROM)?

    <p>PROM allows the user to tailor a microcode program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of software storage medium?

    <p>Central Processing Unit (CPU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the fuses in the ROM cells during the programming process of a Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM)?

    <p>They are blown during the programming process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about flash memory cards?

    <p>They are tiny and have no moving parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using EPROM over PROM?

    <p>EPROM can be reprogrammed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of secondary storage in a computer?

    <p>To store programs and data for future use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Memory

    • A binary byte of data is the basic unit of memory.
    • Primary storage capacities are usually specified in number of bytes.
    • Kilobyte (KB) = 1024 bytes, Megabyte (MB) = 1024 KB, Gigabyte (GB) = 1024 MB, Terabyte (TB) = 1024 GB.
    • 1 terabyte = 1e12 bytes or 1 000 000 000 000 bytes.

    Integrated Circuits (ICs)

    • An IC, also known as a microchip, is an assembly of electronic components fabricated as a single unit.
    • ICs allow for miniaturized active devices (e.g., transistors and diodes) and passive devices (e.g., capacitors and resistors) to be preconstructed.

    Central Processing Unit (CPU)

    • A modern computer CPU performs complex calculations using logic circuits configured to produce a desired outcome.
    • The CPU is the brain of the computer.

    Operating System

    • An operating system is a collection of programs used by the computer to manage its own resources and operations.
    • Operating systems control the execution of other programs, schedule, assign resources, monitor and control the work of the computer.
    • Not all computers have operating systems (e.g., simple computers like microwave ovens).

    Storage Devices

    Magnetic Tape Storage

    • Magnetic tape is a type of storage device used mainly for secondary storage.
    • It is made of a Mylar base coated with a magnetic oxide that can be magnetized to store data.
    • Data is stored as strings of 1s and 0s (serial access memory).
    • Magnetic tape comes in various lengths (from 600 to 3000 ft) and is packaged in open reels, cartridges, or cassettes.

    Magnetic Disc Storage

    • Magnetic discs are direct-access storage devices.
    • They are popular due to their direct-access capabilities.

    Read-Only Memory (ROM)

    • ROM is a type of memory that enables storing often-used instructions or programs permanently inside the computer.
    • ROM retains data even when the computer is powered down.

    Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM)

    • PROM is an alternative to ROM that can be purchased already programmed or in a blank state.
    • A PROM can be written into once, but it cannot be altered or changed afterward.
    • A special device is needed to 'burn' the program into PROM.

    Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM)

    • EPROM is a type of memory that can be erased and reprogrammed using ultraviolet light.
    • EPROMs can be purchased blank and programmed.
    • Data and programs can be retrieved over and over again without destroying the contents of the EPROM.

    Software Storage Mediums

    • Software storage mediums include reel-to-reel; 8-in., 5 1/4-in., and 3 1/2-in. floppy discs; cassette tapes; CDs and DVDs; portable hard drives; and flash drives.
    • Flash memory cards are tiny, have no moving parts, and are often used in digital cameras and mobile devices.

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    Test your understanding of basic computing concepts including memory units and integrated circuits. Learn about bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, and more!

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