Computer Hardware Part II
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are examples of a logical drive? (Select all that apply)

  • E:\ (correct)
  • Recovery Partition
  • D:\ (correct)
  • C:\ (correct)

    • What type of memory is used in a computer's main memory?

  • RAM (correct)
  • ROM
  • PROM
  • EPROM

    • What type of memory is used in a computer's BIOS?

  • ROM (correct)
  • RAM
  • EPROM
  • PROM

    • Which of the following are considered input devices? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Microphone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A scanner can only scan documents.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A digital camera only captures still images.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The monitor is an output device.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a hard disk?

    <p>The purpose of a hard disk is to provide long-term, permanent storage for files, programs, and other data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a storage device?

    <p>The purpose of a storage device is to store and retrieve data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a logical drive and a physical drive?

    <p>A logical drive is a section of a physical drive that is treated as a separate drive by the operating system. A physical drive is the actual physical component of the computer that stores data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of storage is used for a floppy disk?

    <p>Magnetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are examples of optical storage? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Blu-ray Disc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a type of printer?

    <p>Monitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A plotter is a type of printer.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A speaker is a common output device used to play music.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main categories of storage devices? (List each category)

    <p>The three main categories of storage devices are magnetic, optical, and flash.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Briefly describe flash memory storage.

    <p>Flash memory storage is based on electronic chips that store data using electrons and is known for its high speed, low power consumption, and durability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Briefly describe cloud storage.

    <p>Cloud storage is a service where data is stored off-site on a server in a data center, accessible via the internet. It allows users to store and access their files from anywhere with an internet connection. Examples of cloud storage providers include Dropbox, Google Drive, and OneDrive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each of the following terms with its description:

    <p>RAM = A type of read-only memory that can be programmed once ROM = A type of read-only memory that can be erased and reprogrammed EPROM = A type of memory that is volatile and loses its data when the power is turned off PROM = A type of read-only memory that is permanently programmed at the factory EEPROM = A type of memory that is used to store the computer's instructions for booting up Cache Memory = A small, high-speed memory that stores frequently accessed data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Computer Hardware - Part II

    • The presentation discusses input and output devices, as well as memory.
    • The topic is part of a broader computer fundamentals course.

    Table of Contents

    • Introduction: Briefly introduces computers and their use in society.
    • Number Systems: Discusses numbering systems and conversions between them.
    • Hardware: Provides details about computer hardware.
    • Software: Details about computer software.
    • Networks: Introduction to computer networks and the internet.
    • Security: Introduction to computer security.

    Memory Unit

    • Memory units are storage areas in a computer.
    • "Memory" typically refers to the main memory.
    • "Storage" refers to memory on disks, CDs, floppies, or tapes.
    • Main memory (RAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM) is an integrated circuit holding data and instructions.

    Random Access Memory (RAM)

    • RAM is a type of computer memory.
    • The image shows RAM chips installed in a computer's motherboard.

    Read-Only Memory (ROM)

    • ROM is a type of computer memory.
    • The image shows a ROM chip on a circuit board.

    Types of Read-Only Memory (ROM)

    • ROM chips
    • PROM chips
    • EPROM chips
    • EEPROM chips

    Don't Forget About Memory

    • Cache Memory
    • Virtual Memory
    • CMOS (Complementary metal-oxide-silicon)

    Input Devices

    • Keyboard: Used for text, numbers, and commands.
    • Mouse: Used for clicking, double-clicking, and right-clicking commands.
    • Scanner: Used for images, photos, printed documents, and codes. Different types include flatbed, sheetfed, drum, handheld, photo, and film production scanners. They include variations like OCR, OMR, and MICR book scanners, planetary and 3D scanners.
    • Digital Camera: Used for photos and videos.
    • Light Pen: Used for text, numbers, and drawings.
    • Magnetic Reader: Used for credit cards, ATM cards, and similar cards that use magnetic strip technology.
    • Microphone: Used for audio and speech input.
    • Humidity and Temperature Sensor: Used for environmental data collection in conjunction with devices like Arduino.

    Output Devices

    • Monitor: Visual display for data. Different resolutions are mentioned (UHD, WQHD, Full HD, WUXGA).
    • Printer: Produces hard copies of data. Different types mentioned: Impact printers (dot-matrix, line, daisy wheel, and drum) and non-impact (inkjet, laser, thermal, LED, photo printers, and All-in-one printers); this includes varieties such as 3D printers or plotters.
    • Speakers: Used for audio output (various types of speakers are shown).
    • Plotter: Specialised output device for producing large-format drawings and blueprints.

    Storage

    • Logical File Representation: Data stored as files in folders with a specific structure.

      • Files: Programs, documents, images, songs stored on a storage medium.
      • File Names: Assigned by the user.
      • Folders: Named places on the storage medium for organizing files.

    • Physical File Representation: How computers access particular documents on a storage medium by their location in the medium.

    Storage Devices

    • Magnetic: Hard disk drives, tape drives, floppy disk drives
    • Optical: CD, DVD, Blu-ray
    • Flash Memory: Flash memory storage devices and solid-state storage drives (SSDs); these store data using embedded flash memory chips

    Hard Disk

    • Internal Hard Drives: Permanent storage located within the system unit.
    • External Hard Drives: Commonly used for transferring large amounts of data between computers; they connect via USB.
    • Hard Disk Speed: Measures read/write time; total includes seek time, rotational delay, and data movement.
    • Disk Cache: Memory used with magnetic hard drives to speed up performance.
    • Hybrid Hard Drive: Combination of flash memory and magnetic storage.
    • Hard Drive Partitioning: Dividing a physical hard drive into separate logical drives for better organization.
    • File Systems: (FAT, FAT32, NTFS) Used to manage files and folders on a hard drive, determining sizes, locations, and more.
    • Hard Drive Interface Standards: Determine how hard drives connect to a computer (PATA, SATA, eSATA, SCSI, SAS, Fibre Channel, FCoE, iSCSI). This includes diagrams showing connection ports.
    • Different types of hard drive connections (SATA, SAS) are illustrated.

    Magnetic Tape

    • A storage medium using magnetic tape for data storage.

    Floppy Disk

    • A storage medium using floppy disks for data storage.

    Optical Disk

    • Storage mediums for data (CD, DVD, BD)
    • Data can be read-only, recordable, or rewritable; frequently downward-compatible.

    Flash Memory Storage Systems

    • Flash Memory: Chip-based storage medium using electrons to represent data.
    • SSDs: Solid-state drives; uses flash memory as secondary storage; faster than traditional HDDs; no moving parts, more energy efficient.
    • Embedded Flash Memory: Flash memory chips embedded in devices like portable digital media players, digital cameras, and mobile phones.

    Cloud (Online) Storage

    • Accesses data via the Internet; stored on other sites or servers.
    • Used for backup and synchronization between PCs.
    • Often provided free or at a subscription cost.

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    Related Documents

    Computer Fundamentals Lecture 5&6 PDF

    Description

    This quiz focuses on input and output devices, as well as memory units within computer hardware. It is part of a broader course on computer fundamentals, covering essential topics such as RAM types and storage distinctions.

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