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Computer Unit and Network Overview
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Computer Unit and Network Overview

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Questions and Answers

What term describes raw facts and figures before they are processed?

  • Metadata
  • Information
  • Data (correct)
  • Knowledge

    • Which type of network is characterized by devices connected within a limited geographical area?

  • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
  • Wide Area Network (WAN)
  • Local Area Network (LAN) (correct)
  • Hybrid Network

    • What is the first stage of data processing?

  • Output
  • Storage
  • Analysis
  • Input (correct)

    • What is the main function of a network?

    <p>To enable devices to communicate and share resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which network topology features a central hub through which all devices connect?

    <p>Star Topology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the process of transforming data into meaningful information?

    <p>Data Processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of data?

    <p>Algebraic equations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of network allows customers access beyond an organization?

    <p>Extranet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol is primarily used for sending emails?

    <p>SMTP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of IP in internet communication?

    <p>To provide unique addresses for devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of protocol is used for uploading and downloading files?

    <p>FTP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of web communication protocols?

    <p>DNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym WWW represent in the context of the internet?

    <p>World Wide Web</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a unique address important for each computer on the Internet?

    <p>To facilitate effective communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary advantage does fiber-optic cable offer compared to other types of transmission media?

    <p>High-speed long-distance transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What year did Norbert Wiener invent the field of Cybernetics?

    <p>1948</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol is commonly used to manage emails after they have been received?

    <p>POP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which network device is specifically responsible for directing data to specific devices within a local area network?

    <p>Switch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the purpose of protocols in networking?

    <p>Set rules for data transmission and reception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant technological development resulting from the Dartmouth AI conference in 1956?

    <p>Recognition of AI as a field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transmission media uses radio waves for short-range communication?

    <p>Radio Frequency Transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the TCP/IP protocol adopted as the standard protocol on ARPANET?

    <p>1983</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the server name in a domain name indicate?

    <p>The server that provides services for the organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common top-level domain (TLD)?

    <p>.edu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does a gateway serve in a network environment?

    <p>Connects networks using different protocols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the Twisted-Pair Cable's primary feature?

    <p>Delivers faster transmission speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)?

    <p>To transmit web pages across the Internet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol is used for sending email messages?

    <p>SMTP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of a domain name?

    <p>Protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of country domains?

    <p>They indicate the geographical location of the organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with developing the web and conceived the idea behind it?

    <p>Tim Berners-Lee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the original idea of the web, according to Tim Berners-Lee?

    <p>To facilitate communication through shared information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the first graphical web browser?

    <p>Marc Andreessen and the NCSA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to access an Internet Relay Chat (IRC) channel?

    <p>IRC software program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following standards oversees the development of web technology?

    <p>W3 Consortium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does email allow users to exchange?

    <p>Electronic messages and attachments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common chat program that connects users to chat rooms?

    <p>mIRC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key components of chat netiquette?

    <p>Keep communications concise and to the point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a mailbox in email communication?

    <p>It's a storage location for incoming and outgoing email messages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you avoid doing in a newsgroup or chat session according to chat netiquette?

    <p>Posting unrelated comments or advertisements indiscriminately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Computer Unit

    • Defines as an electronic device that processes data through mathematical and logical operations to generate information.
    • Also known as a Data Processing Machine.

    Data

    • Refers to raw facts and figures that have not been processed.
    • Examples include names, lengths, and temperature values.

    Information

    • Data that has been processed to provide meaning.
    • Examples of processed data include sorted names and average test scores.

    Data Processing

    • The conversion of data into information.
    • Involves three main stages: Input (data collection), Process (transforming data), Output (producing information).

    System

    • Composed of elements or objects working together to achieve a specific goal.
    • Main components include:
      • Hardware: Physical devices (e.g., monitors, peripherals).
      • Peopleware: Individuals working with computers (e.g., engineers, programmers).
      • Software: Programs that instruct hardware to perform tasks (e.g., operating systems, applications).

    Network

    • Defined as a collection of technologies that connects multiple computers.
    • Uses include:
      • Sending and receiving messages.
      • Sharing devices and files.
      • Sharing processing tasks.

    Types of Network

    • Based on Geographical Location:
      • Local Area Network (LAN) connects devices in the same location.
      • Wide Area Network (WAN) connects devices in different locations.
      • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) connects LANs within a metropolitan area.
      • Home Area Network (HAN) connects devices within a home.
    • Based on Structure:
      • Bus Topology: All devices connect to a single cable.
      • Star Topology: A central hub connects all devices.
      • Ring Topology: Devices form a circular chain.
      • Mesh Topology: Each node connects to all others.

    Access Method

    • Describes data transmission modalities between nodes.
    • Types include Token Ring and Ethernet for managing data transmission protocols.

    Network Devices

    • Network Interface Cards (NIC) facilitate connections to networks.
    • Hubs connect multiple nodes.
    • Bridges connect multiple LANs.
    • Switches forward data to specific devices.
    • Routers link multiple LANs on WANs.
    • Gateways connect different networks with varying protocols.

    Protocols

    • Sets of rules governing data transmission across networks.
    • Notable examples:
      • TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Assembles and breaks down data.
      • IP (Internet Protocol): Manages addressing on the Internet.
      • HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Used by web browsers to request information.
      • FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Transfers files between devices.
      • SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Sends emails.
      • POP (Post Office Protocol): Retrieves emails.

    Internet Overview

    • The Internet is a global network facilitating communication between computers.
    • Servers act as hosts, providing services to users.

    Computer Addressing

    • Unique addresses allow devices to communicate within networks.
    • Examples include country-specific domain codes (e.g., .ca for Canada).

    Domain Names

    • Made up of server names and top-level domains (TLDs), which categorize organizations.
    • Common TLDs include .com, .edu, .gov, and .mil.

    The Web

    • Comprises texts, multimedia, and services accessible via hypertext technology.
    • Key technologies:
      • HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): For creating web pages.
      • URLs (Uniform Resource Locators): Addressing system for web documents.

    Key Figures in Web Development

    • Tim Berners-Lee: Father of the Web; developed foundational technologies.
    • Douglas Engelbart: Creator of the mouse and graphical interfaces.

    Email

    • Electronic mail enables the exchange of messages between computers.
    • Operates primarily using SMTP for sending and POP for receiving emails.

    Internet Relay Chat (IRC)

    • A system for real-time communication through channels focused on specific topics.
    • Requires IRC software to access various communication channels.

    Chat Programs and Netiquette

    • Chat programs enhance user interaction on the Web, often found in chat rooms.
    • Best practices include avoiding all caps, keeping messages concise, and not spamming.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of computer units and networks. Discover the definitions, functions, and uses of these essential technologies in information processing and communication. Perfect for students seeking to understand the basics of computing and networking.

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