Computer Systems Overview

Which of the following components is responsible for performing calculations and logic in a computer system?

Secondary memory is volatile and loses its content when the power is turned off.

Name the two main categories that a computer system is divided into.

The __________ directly manages system resources like RAM and peripherals.

Match the memory types with their characteristics:

What is the main purpose of output devices in a computer system?

The __________ cycle consists of fetching, decoding, executing, and saving instructions.

Touch screens can only function as output devices.

Computer System Overview

Computer systems combine hardware and software to process data.
Hardware comprises physical components, while software provides instructions.

Hardware Components

Input Devices

Manual Input: Involve human interaction (e.g., keyboard, light pen).
Direct Input: Minimal human intervention (e.g., sensors, magnetic stripe readers).

Output Devices

Transform computer data to user-readable formats (audio, visual, print).
Touch screens act as both input and output devices.

Processor (CPU)

The CPU executes instructions.
Composed of:
- Control Unit (CU): Manages operations.
- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs calculations and logic.
- Clock: Synchronizes actions with timing pulses.

Memory and Storage

Primary Memory: Fast, volatile memory (RAM, ROM).
Secondary Memory: Non-volatile, long-term storage (HDD, SSD).
RAM: Temporary, fast memory; ROM: Permanent, stores essential programs.

Software Types

System Software

Manages computer resources (RAM, peripherals).

Application Software

Programs designed for specific tasks (word processing, etc.)

Fetch-Execute Cycle

Includes four stages: Fetch, Decode, Execute, Save.
This cycle is repeated millions of times each second.
The CPU fetches instructions, decodes them, executes their logic and stores results.

This quiz provides an overview of computer systems, detailing their hardware and software components. It covers essential topics such as input and output devices, the processor, and memory/storage types. Test your knowledge on key concepts in computer architecture and functionality.