Computer Systems Fundamentals Quiz

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What are the two major components of any computer system?

Hardware and applications
Software and operating systems
Hardware and software (correct)
Hardware and programming languages

Which of the following is classified as application software?

Word-processing programs (correct)
Linux operating system
Windows operating system
UNIX operating system

Which component is responsible for processing data in a computer system?

Output devices
Storage devices
Input devices
Central Processing Unit (CPU) (correct)

What is the first step involved in the four major operations of a computer system?

Input (D) Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe data that has been processed and is useful?

Information (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an output device?

Keyboard (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes system software?

Programs that help manage computer hardware (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of storage devices in a computer system?

Storing processed data (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why can the expression inputNumber * 2 not be a variable?

It contains spaces. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the assignment statement calculatedAnswer = inputNumber * 2 generally imply?

calculatedAnswer equals twice inputNumber. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding named constants?

They can be created in programming languages that allow constants. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a numeric constant from a character constant?

Numeric constants don't require quotation marks. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In programming, what is typically the naming convention for variable identifiers?

Camel casing. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is incorrect regarding data types in programming?

Computer programs can only use numeric constants. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which option correctly describes how character constants are treated in various programming languages?

They may require different types of quotation marks depending on the language. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What operation can be performed with contents of a location in programming?

Mathematical operations on the contents. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why do computers understand machine language?

They consist of thousands of electrical switches that represent 1s and 0s. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a programmer writes code with a syntax error?

The compiler or interpreter issues an error message. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a compiler or interpreter in programming?

They convert high-level programming languages into low-level machine language. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What must be true for a program to be executed?

It must be free of syntax errors. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of variable is used to hold numeric values that can be subjected to mathematical operations?

Numeric variable (B) Signup and view all the answers

What typically happens after a programmer corrects the syntax errors in their code?

New syntax errors may still be revealed after recompilation. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a logical error in programming?

An error where the program runs but produces incorrect results. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding numeric and character variables?

Computers handle numeric and character variables differently. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What process does a programmer undergo after writing code?

Compiling the program to check for syntax errors. (C) Signup and view all the answers

When declaring a variable in programming, why is it important to specify the type of data?

To tell the computer which type of data to expect. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is required in addition to being free of syntax errors for a program to work correctly?

It must be tested with sample data. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines a literal constant in programming?

A value that remains constant during program execution. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In programming languages such as C++ and Java, how do they differentiate between types of numeric variables?

By distinguishing between integer and floating-point values. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What would be an appropriate assumption about a variable named inventoryItem containing the value "monitor"?

It is a character or string variable. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming languages are mentioned as distinguishing between different types of numeric data?

C++, C#, Visual Basic, and Java (B) Signup and view all the answers

When a variable's value can change during execution, it is classified as which type?

A variable (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does nesting structures in a flowchart or pseudocode involve?

Embedding sequences, selections, or loops within each other. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In pseudocode, how are statements that depend on a specific decision typically formatted?

By indenting them to signify the dependency. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What role does the 'endif' statement serve in pseudocode?

It closes a selection structure previously opened by an 'if'. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to statements that are dependent on a 'conditionF' in the pseudocode?

They must align vertically with the 'conditionF' and its corresponding 'if'. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of actions if 'conditionA' is true based on the described pseudocode?

All statements (stepB, stepC, stepD) are executed. (C) Signup and view all the answers

When a loop is embedded within a selection, what should be considered regarding its placement?

The loop's condition must align with the relevant 'if' statement. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does the vertical alignment of statements in pseudocode enhance clarity?

It indicates which statements are at the same logical level. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure can replace a step in a sequence, as stated in the content?

Another sequence. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What will be printed if the test score is 85 and the class rank is 80?

Accept (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the pseudocode for calculating miles per gallon, what happens when the user inputs a negative value for miles traveled?

The program will stop taking inputs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the pseudocode if the test score is 60 and the class rank is 50?

Fail (B) Signup and view all the answers

If the program is designed to calculate cost per day for a vacation, what kind of inputs would it likely require?

Total vacation days and total cost (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition must be met for an 'Accept' output in the first pseudocode segment?

Test score >= 70 and class rank >= 75 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What do the keywords 'endif' and 'endwhile' signify in pseudocode?

End of a conditional statement and loop respectively (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario will result in a 'ReJect' output based on the provided pseudocode?

Test score is 50 and class rank is 40 (D) Signup and view all the answers

When calculating miles per gallon, what is the formula used in the pseudocode?

gallonsOfGasUsed / milesTraveled (D) Signup and view all the answers

Computer Components

The physical parts of a computer system, including hardware and software.

Hardware

The physical equipment of a computer system.