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Questions and Answers
How many bits make up a word?
How many bits make up a word?
What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 11011?
What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 11011?
What is the first step in converting a decimal number to binary?
What is the first step in converting a decimal number to binary?
What is the octal representation of the decimal number 100?
What is the octal representation of the decimal number 100?
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What is the decimal equivalent of the octal number 123?
What is the decimal equivalent of the octal number 123?
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Which of the following is the correct method for converting a hexadecimal number to decimal?
Which of the following is the correct method for converting a hexadecimal number to decimal?
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What is the first step in converting a decimal number to hexadecimal?
What is the first step in converting a decimal number to hexadecimal?
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What represents the binary number for decimal 30?
What represents the binary number for decimal 30?
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What is one of the main functions of an operating system?
What is one of the main functions of an operating system?
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Which type of memory is volatile and loses its content when the system is turned off?
Which type of memory is volatile and loses its content when the system is turned off?
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Which operating system is an example of a UNIX variant?
Which operating system is an example of a UNIX variant?
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What does ROM stand for?
What does ROM stand for?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of secondary memory?
Which of the following is a characteristic of secondary memory?
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Which type of RAM is generally faster and uses capacitors to store data?
Which type of RAM is generally faster and uses capacitors to store data?
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What is the primary purpose of main memory in a computer?
What is the primary purpose of main memory in a computer?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of computer memory?
Which of the following is NOT a type of computer memory?
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What is the hexadecimal representation of the decimal number 280?
What is the hexadecimal representation of the decimal number 280?
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How many bits are in a byte?
How many bits are in a byte?
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Which unit of storage is equivalent to 1024 bytes?
Which unit of storage is equivalent to 1024 bytes?
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Which programming technique uses standard symbols to represent steps in a process?
Which programming technique uses standard symbols to represent steps in a process?
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What was the main purpose of the original development of BASIC?
What was the main purpose of the original development of BASIC?
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What does the acronym BASIC stand for?
What does the acronym BASIC stand for?
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Which of the following is a version of BASIC designed for IBM-compatible PCs?
Which of the following is a version of BASIC designed for IBM-compatible PCs?
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What is the value of 1000 megabytes in gigabytes?
What is the value of 1000 megabytes in gigabytes?
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What is the purpose of the CLS keyword in a BASIC program?
What is the purpose of the CLS keyword in a BASIC program?
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Which of the following is an example of a constant in BASIC?
Which of the following is an example of a constant in BASIC?
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How does a BASIC program execute its statements?
How does a BASIC program execute its statements?
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What is the primary function of the PRINT keyword?
What is the primary function of the PRINT keyword?
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What is FreeBASIC primarily known for?
What is FreeBASIC primarily known for?
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What does the INPUT keyword do in a BASIC program?
What does the INPUT keyword do in a BASIC program?
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What is the correct order for writing a BASIC program?
What is the correct order for writing a BASIC program?
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Which of the following statements about variables is correct?
Which of the following statements about variables is correct?
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What must all expressions be written in when coding a BASIC program?
What must all expressions be written in when coding a BASIC program?
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Which of the following statements is a rule for writing BASIC programs?
Which of the following statements is a rule for writing BASIC programs?
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What is the purpose of the END statement in a BASIC program?
What is the purpose of the END statement in a BASIC program?
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What type of data can constants store in a BASIC program?
What type of data can constants store in a BASIC program?
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Which flowchart symbol indicates the start or end of a flowchart?
Which flowchart symbol indicates the start or end of a flowchart?
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Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Decision symbol in a flowchart?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Decision symbol in a flowchart?
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What should not occur at the end of each BASIC statement?
What should not occur at the end of each BASIC statement?
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What does the Flowline symbol in a flowchart represent?
What does the Flowline symbol in a flowchart represent?
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What does the connector represent in a flowchart?
What does the connector represent in a flowchart?
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What is the purpose of the preparation step in a flowchart?
What is the purpose of the preparation step in a flowchart?
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In the example flowchart, what does the step 'Set SUM to SUM + X' indicate?
In the example flowchart, what does the step 'Set SUM to SUM + X' indicate?
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What happens when X is greater than N in the flowchart process?
What happens when X is greater than N in the flowchart process?
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Which statement correctly defines a predefined process in a flowchart?
Which statement correctly defines a predefined process in a flowchart?
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What is the first step in the flowchart that adds two integers from 1 to N?
What is the first step in the flowchart that adds two integers from 1 to N?
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What does the computer concepts overview aim to provide?
What does the computer concepts overview aim to provide?
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In what sequence does the example flowchart process the input?
In what sequence does the example flowchart process the input?
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Study Notes
Computer Software
- Software describes all programs found on a particular computer
- A program is a set of instructions; it tells the computer what to do
- Software allows users to effectively operate the computer
- Computer software is grouped into two types: system software and application software
System Software
- System software is a set of instructions to guide the computer in performing general tasks
- It manages and controls hardware resources
- Examples include PC-DOS, MS-DOS, Windows, Unix, and Zenix
Application Software
- Application software is a program designed to solve specific problems in particular areas
- Examples include word processors (Microsoft Word, WordStar), spreadsheets (Microsoft Excel, Lotus 1-2-3), drawing software (Corel Draw), and graphics programs (Adobe Photoshop)
Operating System
- An operating system is software that controls hardware resources and manages the computer's resources
- It handles user commands, manages programs, and handles data
- A variety of operating systems exist, each with its own set of features and functions
- Examples of operating systems include Windows, DOS, Linux, Unix, and Zenix (Apple Macintosh)
Computer Memory
- Computer memory is where data and instructions are stored
- It affects the computer's capacity and the volume of data that can be stored
- Computer memory is also classified as primary and secondary memory
Primary Memory
- Primary memory is used to store instructions and data that are currently being used by the computer
- It is also known as internal memory
- Random Access Memory (RAM) is a type of primary memory, often called volatile memory
Secondary Memory
- Secondary memory is used to store large amounts of information outside of the primary memory
- It is also known as external memory
- Common examples of secondary memory include hard drives, USB drives, and floppy disks
Translators
- Translators convert programs from a high-level language into a low-level language the computer understands
- This allows computers to understand various languages used to write software, thereby executing the intended command
Types of Translators
- Compilers translate the entire program into machine code at once
- Interpreters translate and execute one line of code at a time
Assembler
- Assemblers translate the program's instructions into machine instructions based on the language's assembly instructions
High-Level Languages
- High-level programming languages are easier for humans to read and write than low-level languages
- Examples of common high-level programming languages include FORTRAN, COBOL, BASIC, and Pascal among others
Number Systems
- Binary (base 2): Uses 0s and 1s
- Octal (base 8): Uses digits 0–7
- Decimal (base 10): Uses digits 0–9
- Hexadecimal (base 16): Uses digits 0–9 and letters A–F
Flowcharts
- Visual representations of steps for a process in solving a problem.
- Visual representation of the steps or procedures used to solve a problem
Algorithm
- Algorithm is a step-by-step procedure/method used to solve a problem
- Algorithms are a vital component of computer programming
- Each step in an algorithm is performed sequentially to produce a solution
Basic Programming
- BASIC is beginner-oriented, all-purpose, symbolic instruction code
- It is useful for programming in computers; BASIC is designed for beginners
- Several BASIC versions exist, offering varied features and capabilities
BASIC Character Set
- BASIC programs use a variety of characters, including numbers, alphabets, symbols, and punctuation.
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Description
This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of computer software, including system software and application software. It covers the roles of various programs and operating systems in computer functionality. Test your understanding of different software types and their examples.
