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Questions and Answers
What describes an expression in Python?
What describes an expression in Python?
Which of the following statements is true about operators in Python?
Which of the following statements is true about operators in Python?
What is the primary purpose of comments in Python?
What is the primary purpose of comments in Python?
Which operation does the order of operations (PEMDAS) prioritize first in Python?
Which operation does the order of operations (PEMDAS) prioritize first in Python?
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What is a script in Python?
What is a script in Python?
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Which of the following is NOT a valid operator in Python?
Which of the following is NOT a valid operator in Python?
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Which of the following constructs a valid statement in Python?
Which of the following constructs a valid statement in Python?
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What is the result of the operation $5 + 3 * 2$ in Python?
What is the result of the operation $5 + 3 * 2$ in Python?
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What is necessary for a recursive function to avoid infinite recursion?
What is necessary for a recursive function to avoid infinite recursion?
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Which statement about the use of the 'pass' statement in a recursive function is correct?
Which statement about the use of the 'pass' statement in a recursive function is correct?
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What happens when a recursive function encounters infinite recursion?
What happens when a recursive function encounters infinite recursion?
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In script mode, how should you output the return value of a function to see it immediately?
In script mode, how should you output the return value of a function to see it immediately?
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Which feature characterizes the second form of the if statement in Python?
Which feature characterizes the second form of the if statement in Python?
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What is the purpose of using algorithms in computer science?
What is the purpose of using algorithms in computer science?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a main technique in computer science?
Which of the following is NOT considered a main technique in computer science?
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What is a characteristic of the Python programming language?
What is a characteristic of the Python programming language?
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Which quote best reflects the relationship between computers and computer science?
Which quote best reflects the relationship between computers and computer science?
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Why is analysis considered important in computer science?
Why is analysis considered important in computer science?
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In what way can high-level programming languages like Python be described?
In what way can high-level programming languages like Python be described?
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What does the term 'portability' refer to in programming languages like Python?
What does the term 'portability' refer to in programming languages like Python?
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Which of the following areas is NOT primarily associated with the techniques of computer science?
Which of the following areas is NOT primarily associated with the techniques of computer science?
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What is the primary purpose of defining a function in programming?
What is the primary purpose of defining a function in programming?
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What happens when the int() function is unable to convert a value to an integer?
What happens when the int() function is unable to convert a value to an integer?
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Which of the following best describes 'dot notation'?
Which of the following best describes 'dot notation'?
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In the argument of a function call, what is an 'argument'?
In the argument of a function call, what is an 'argument'?
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What does 'composition' refer to in programming?
What does 'composition' refer to in programming?
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What is the main function of the MATH module in Python?
What is the main function of the MATH module in Python?
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When using functions, what should be avoided on the left side of an assignment statement?
When using functions, what should be avoided on the left side of an assignment statement?
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How do you create a function call in Python?
How do you create a function call in Python?
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What does indexing in Python sequences allow you to do?
What does indexing in Python sequences allow you to do?
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Which statement about lists in Python is true?
Which statement about lists in Python is true?
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Which of the following is NOT a correct way to call the range() function?
Which of the following is NOT a correct way to call the range() function?
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How do you access the first element of a list named 'my_list'?
How do you access the first element of a list named 'my_list'?
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What type of arguments does the range() function accept?
What type of arguments does the range() function accept?
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Study Notes
Computer Science
- Computer scientists use investigation techniques to understand the fundamentals of computer science.
- Computer scientists use numerous techniques of investigation including:
- Mobile computing
- Networking
- Human-computer interaction
- Artificial intelligence
- Computational science
- Databases and data mining
- Software engineering
- Web and multimedia design
- Management information systems
- Computer security
Design in Computer Science
- Shows how a problem can be solved
- Algorithm is a step-by-step process for achieving a desired result
Analysis in Computer Science
- Examines algorithms and problems mathematically
Python Programming Language
- Python is a high-level programming language.
- Python is an interpreted language, meaning Python programs are executed by an interpreter.
- Python is portable and can be used on various computers with minimal modifications.
Operators
- Special symbols that represent computations.
Order of Operations (Precedence)
- Python uses the order of operations following PEMDAS: Parentheses, Exponentiation, Negation, Multiplication, Division, Integer Division, Modulo, Addition, Subtraction.
String Operations
- Addition and Multiplication work with strings.
- String operations are used for concatenation and repetition, utilizing a comma (,) to join strings and the int() and str() functions for data conversion.
Comments
- Used for information within programs, meant for other programmers or anyone reading the source code.
- Comments have no effect on program execution.
- Single-line comments start with '#' and block comments use "'''"
Expressions
- Combinations of values, variables, and operators. Examples:
- A value by itself
- A variable.
Statements
- Units of code executed by the Python interpreter. Examples:
- Print and Assignment
Script
- Contains a sequence of statements.
Functions
- Named sequence of statements performing a computation.
- Functions are defined by specifying the name and the sequence of statements.
- Function format: name_of_function(argument)
- A function takes an argument and returns a result.
- Return value: the result of the function.
- Argument: an expression appearing between parentheses in a function call.
int() Function
- Converts values into integers.
- Raises an error if it cannot convert a value to integer.
- Always rounds down.
Why Use Functions?
- Provides a named group for statements.
- Makes programs easier to read.
- The function body must have at least one statement.
- Use the pass statement if there is no code yet.
Alternative Execution
- Second form of the if statement.
- There are two possibilities, and the condition determines which gets executed.
- Syntax:
if condition: statement_block
Recursive Function
- A function that calls itself.
- The body must have at least one statement.
- Use the pass statement if you haven't thought of what to code yet.
Infinite Recursion
- Occurs when a recursion never reaches a base case.
- Recursive calls continue indefinitely, preventing program termination.
- The interpreter throws an error when the maximum recursion depth is reached.
Calling Fruitful Functions
- Interactively, Python shows the result immediately in the terminal.
- In script mode, explicitly call print() to see the returned value.
Keyboard Input
- Input() is a built-in function that pauses the program, waiting for user input.
- Returns the input as a string.
Incremental Development
- Break down a problem into smaller, manageable pieces.
- Write and test each piece individually to ensure correctness before combining.
Python Sequences
- Positionally ordered.
- Elements are accessed by index.
Indexing
- Accessing an element in a sequence using its index.
- Use square brackets with the variable name followed by the index: variable_name[index]
Lists
- A data type in Python used to store multiple values in a single variable.
range() Function
- Generates a list of numbers.
- Accepts only integer arguments.
- Formats:
-
range (start, stop) -
range (start, stop, step) -
range (stop)
-
Composition
- Combining variables, expressions, and statements together.
- Ability for programming languages to construct larger elements from smaller building blocks.
- Can place an arbitrary expression anywhere except:
- Left side of an assignment statement
- Within a function call
Imports and Modules
- Modules are Python files containing functions and variables.
- To use functions within a module:
- Import the module using the
importstatement. - Apply the function using the following format:
module_name.function_name() - Modules also contain variables accessed using:
module_name.variable
- Import the module using the
- Dot notation (.) is used to access module components.
Math Module
- A built-in Python module containing common mathematical formulas and values.
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Description
Explore the key concepts and techniques used in computer science, including mobile computing, artificial intelligence, and algorithm design. This quiz covers various domains such as software engineering and human-computer interaction. Test your knowledge on the principles that drive modern computing technologies.
