Computer Science Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) data structure?

  • Linked List
  • Stack (correct)
  • Array
  • Queue

What is the primary function of a DBMS?

  • Creating and managing databases (correct)
  • Managing network security
  • Developing software applications
  • Designing computer hardware

In OOP, what is the concept of bundling data and methods within a class called?

  • Encapsulation (correct)
  • Polymorphism
  • Inheritance
  • Abstraction

Which data structure allows elements to be accessed directly using an index?

<p>Array (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does FIFO stand for in the context of a queue data structure?

<p>First-In, First-Out (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key component of computer architecture that executes instructions?

<p>CPU (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of ensuring data accuracy and consistency in a database called?

<p>Data Integrity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In OOP, what mechanism allows a class to inherit properties from another class?

<p>Inheritance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the SDLC involves gathering and documenting the requirements for a software system?

<p>Requirements Engineering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of database normalization?

<p>To improve data integrity and reduce redundancy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Data Structures

Ways of organizing and storing data in a computer for efficient use and management of large amounts of data.

Arrays

The most basic data structure, storing elements of the same data type in contiguous memory locations.

Linked Lists

Stores elements in nodes, each containing data and a pointer to the next node, allowing dynamic memory allocation.

Stacks

LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) data structures where the last element added is the first one removed.

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Queues

FIFO (First-In, First-Out) data structures where the first element added is the first one removed.

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Trees

Hierarchical data structures consisting of nodes connected by edges, with a root node and child nodes.

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Graphs

Data structures of nodes (vertices) and edges that connect pairs of nodes, modeling relationships between objects.

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Object Oriented Programming (OOP)

A programming paradigm based on 'objects' containing data (attributes) and code (methods).

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Encapsulation

Bundling data and methods within a class, hiding internal implementation details.

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Abstraction

Presenting only essential object features, hiding complex details.

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Study Notes

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