cos(5)

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Questions and Answers

What is the hexadecimal equivalent of the binary number 11010011100100101011?

0xB392D

0xD392B (correct)

0xD32B9

0xD239B

Which of the following represents the decimal equivalent of the hexadecimal digit 'B'?

11 (correct)

What does the prefix '0x' signify when placed before a number?

That the number is in hexadecimal format (correct)

That the number is in decimal format

That the number is in octal format

That the number is in binary format

In the binary to hexadecimal conversion process, what is done during Step 1?

Segment the binary into four bits Signup and view all the answers

What is the binary equivalent of the hexadecimal digit 'E'?

1110 Signup and view all the answers

What process is used to convert hexadecimal to decimal?

Adding the decimal equivalent of each hex digit Signup and view all the answers

In the conversion table, what is the decimal equivalent of 'F'?

15 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using Unicode over previous encoding systems?

It can represent a larger number of unique symbols. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes records and files in data processing?

The organization of data in a record is determined by the programming language. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of registers in a CPU?

To provide fast access to commonly used values. Signup and view all the answers

How is the size of registers typically measured?

By the number of bits they can store. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the two kinds of registers mentioned?

General Purpose Registers are accessible to programmers, while others are not. Signup and view all the answers

What does a sign bit value of 1 indicate in a floating point binary representation?

The number is negative Signup and view all the answers

In the bit stream 01011101, how many bits are allocated for the mantissa?

4 bits Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the bit stream specifically indicates the value greater than one?

Exponent Signup and view all the answers

What is the decimal equivalent of the binary bit stream 101.1101?

5.8125 Signup and view all the answers

What type of error might arise due to the limited number of bits used in floating point representation?

Truncation error Signup and view all the answers

How many bits are typically used in modern computers to represent floating point values?

32 bits Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents the mantissa segment in the binary representation 01011101?

1101 Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum possible value for the exponent using a 3-bit exponent field?

7 Signup and view all the answers

In the conversion of 101.1101 to decimal, which part contributes to the fraction?

The mantissa Signup and view all the answers

What base is primarily used for the binary representation of data in computing?

Base 2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of the ASCII coding system?

It is unable to represent languages with large alphabets. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characters can be represented by ASCII?

Uppercase alphabets Signup and view all the answers

How many bits does the ASCII coding system use to represent each character?

7 bits Signup and view all the answers

What is the binary representation of the character 'E' in ASCII?

1000101 Signup and view all the answers

What decimal value corresponds to the ASCII representation of the character 'l'?

108 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents the ASCII code for the exclamation mark '!'?

33 Signup and view all the answers

In the binary ASCII representation, which of the following correctly represents the combination for the lowercase 'd'?

1100100 Signup and view all the answers

What aspect differentiates the ASCII codes for uppercase and lowercase letters?

Their decimal values differ by a fixed range Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about non-numeric data representation?

They require a unique coded format for representation. Signup and view all the answers

What does ANSI stand for in the context of ASCII?

American National Standards Institute Signup and view all the answers

What is the hexadecimal representation of the decimal number 734593?

0xB3581 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following numbers qualifies as an integer?

0 Signup and view all the answers

In two's complement notation, how is a positive number represented?

Using a leading 0 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an integer?

5/6 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of flipping bits in two's complement notation?

To create a negative representation Signup and view all the answers

How many bits are commonly used today to represent integers in computers?

32 bits Signup and view all the answers

Which operation is the final step in finding the two's complement of a binary number?

Adding 1 to the last bit Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct representation of the set of integers, Z?

{..., -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, ...} Signup and view all the answers

When converting a decimal number to hexadecimal, what is the base used for division?

16 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hexadecimal Numbers

Hexadecimal numbers use 16 different states/numerals
They combine the first ten numerals of decimal numbers and the first six alphabets
Table 2.3 shows the hexadecimal and decimal equivalents

Converting Binary to Hexadecimal

Prefix "0x" indicates a hexadecimal number (e.g., 0x3A7)
Divide the binary number into sections of four bits (nibbles)
Convert each nibble to its hexadecimal equivalent using Table 2.4
Example: Converting 11010011100100101011 to hex involves segmenting it into 1101, 0011, 1001, 0010, 1011

Converting Hexadecimal to Decimal

Number each numeral starting from 0 (least significant bit)
Table 2.4 shows the conversion of 0xD392B to decimal
Conversion formula example: D(13) x 16⁴ + 3 x 16³ + 9 x 16² + 2 x 16¹ + B(11) x 16⁰ = 866603

Conversion of Decimal to hexadecimal

Repeatedly divide the decimal number by 16
Write down the remainders in reverse order
The remainders represent the hexadecimal digits

Integers

Integers are whole numbers (positive, negative, or zero)
Examples: -6, 2, 8, -95, 2015
The set of integers is denoted by Z: Z = {..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 ...}
Integers in computers are represented using two's complement and excess notations

Two's Complement Notation

Computers use a fixed number of bits to represent integers.
The most significant bit (leftmost) represents the sign (0 for positive, 1 for negative).
Steps to find the two's complement of a positive number:
1. Find its binary equivalent
2. Flip all the bits (0 to 1, 1 to 0)
3. Add 1 to the least significant bit

Excess Notation

Another method for representing integers
The bit pattern length is determined and the bit patterns are listed.
The point where the most significant bit changes sign designates the split between positive and negative integers

Floating-Point Numbers

Floating-point numbers have a fractional part
Represented in floating-point notation
Sign bit (0 for positive, 1 for negative)
Exponent (holds the part greater than one)
Mantissa (holds the fractional part less than one)
Example: 01011101 is a positive bit stream with 101 as the exponent and 1101 as the Mantissa.
Converting floating point notations to decimal numbers requires a conversion table.

Non-Numeric Data

Non-numeric data includes alphabets, special characters, images, and sound
Not sequentially ordered based on values
Coded formats represent alphabets and special characters (e.g. ASCII)

Computer Records

Records are combinations of different data objects (integers, floating-point numbers, character strings)
Used for program processing
Can have fixed or variable lengths

Registers

High-speed memory built into the CPU
Used for quickly accessing commonly used values
Examples of registers: Accumulator (AC), Data Register (DR), Temporary register (TR), Instruction Register (IR), Address Register (AR), Program Counter (PC), Input Register (INPR) Output Register(OUTR)
Registers have different sizes

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Description

Test your knowledge on number systems with this quiz focused on binary, hexadecimal, and decimal conversions. Explore the significance of Unicode and the functions of CPU registers. Perfect for students studying computer science or information technology.