Computer Science Chapter 1 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of application software?

  • To facilitate operating system functions
  • To manage hardware resources
  • To provide a platform for program development
  • To solve specific problems (correct)

Which of the following is an example of system software?

  • Java
  • Ms Access
  • Windows (correct)
  • Excel

How do programming languages differ from natural languages?

  • Programming languages are more complex than natural languages
  • Programming languages are used for machine instructions, whereas natural languages are for human interaction (correct)
  • Natural languages can control devices like printers
  • Natural languages can execute algorithms like programming languages

Which of the following programming languages is considered high-level?

<p>COBOL (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do utility programs play in computer software?

<p>They perform maintenance tasks for the computer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily responsible for storing, retrieving, and processing data in a computer?

<p>Hardware (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals is known as the father of the computer?

<p>Charles Babbage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of programming languages in relation to computers?

<p>To create a series of instructions for hardware (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Analytical Engine in computer history?

<p>It performed calculations automatically. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a computer system is responsible for executing tasks?

<p>Processor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key feature allows a computer to handle repetitive tasks efficiently?

<p>Automation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited as the first programmer for writing demonstration programs for the Analytical Engine?

<p>Ada Lovelace (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by data processing in the context of computer operations?

<p>Converting raw data into useful information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Computer Definition

An electronic device used to store, retrieve, and process data.

Data Processing

Converting raw data into useful information using a set of instructions.

Computer Software

Computer programs, sets of instructions for the hardware.

Computer Program

A series of instructions that direct the computer's hardware.

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Charles Babbage

Known as the father of the computer, he designed the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine.

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Data Input

The raw information fed into a computer system.

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Data Output

The processed information produced by a computer.

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First Modern Computer

Built by Atanasoff in the late 1930s, a crucial step in computer evolution.

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System Software

Software that manages computer hardware and resources.

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Application Software

Software used to solve specific user problems.

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Programming Language

Language used to write instructions for computers.

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Study Notes

Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer & Programming

  • Topics of discussion:
    • History of computer
    • Use of computer to solve computational problems
    • Programming languages
    • Computer software

The use of computer

  • Handle repetitive tasks
  • Produce exact answers
  • Easy to make changes/corrections

Fundamentals of Computer

  • Computer: An electronic device to store, retrieve, and process data.
  • Data: Unprocessed facts, figures, and statistics.
  • Process: Converting raw data into useful information; requires finite, ordered sets of instructions.

Data Processing

  • Input (data): Keyboard, scanner, trackball, mouse, microphone, digitizer, camera.
  • Processing: The central processing unit (CPU).
  • Output (information): CRT, LCD, monitor, printer, plotter, speaker.

Component of computer system

  • Hardware: Physical components (e.g., mouse, keyboard, monitor).
  • Software: Instructions that tell the hardware what to do.
  • Computer System: The combination of both hardware and software.

History of Computer

  • Charles Babbage is the father of the computer.
  • He introduced the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine.
  • Ada Lovelace wrote demonstration programs for the Analytical Engine, considered the first programmer.
  • The first modern computer was built by Atanasoft of Iowa State College in the late 1930s.
  • An electromechanical computer MARK1 was built by Howard Aiken of Harvard.

Computer Software

  • A computer program, or a program, is a series of instructions that tell the computer's hardware what to do.
  • Before a program can be executed by the computer, its instructions must be loaded into the computer's memory.

Computer Software: Categories

  • Computer Software:
    • System Software: Provides an environment for program development and operation. Includes:
      • Operating System (e.g., Windows, UNIX, LINUX)
      • Utility programs
    • Application Software: Developed for specific problems. Includes:
      • Editors
      • Spreadsheets (e.g., Excel)
      • Database applications (e.g., MS Access)

Programming Languages

  • A computer program is a sequence of steps needed to perform a task.
  • Programming languages are used to construct computer programs.
  • Programming languages enable humans to instruct machines.
  • Examples of programming languages: BASIC, COBOL, Fortran, Pascal, C, C++, Java.

Top 10 Programming Languages of the Future

  • JavaScript: Essential for web development.
  • HTML/CSS: Fundamentals for web development.
  • Python: Crucial for database management and data science.
  • SQL: Important for managing databases.
  • Typescript: Building on JavaScript functionalities.
  • Swift: Dominating iOS development.
  • Rust: Emerging as a robust and performance-oriented language.
  • PHP: Industry leader in server-side scripting.
  • C/C++: High value in various high-performance computing and system-level programming contexts.

Major Companies that Use Java

  • Java is used in many major companies like LinkedIn, Netflix, Google, Amazon, eBay, etc.

Which Programming Language to Learn

  • The choice of programming language depends on the career goal (e.g., front-end web development, back-end web development, mobile development, etc).

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Description

This quiz covers the introductory concepts of computers and programming, including the history of computers, various programming languages, and the distinction between hardware and software. Test your knowledge on data processing, input/output devices, and the fundamentals of computer systems.

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