Podcast
Questions and Answers
The part of the OS which remains in memory while the computer is running is known as the __________.
The part of the OS which remains in memory while the computer is running is known as the __________.
kernel
Jennifer is the network administrator at a medium-sized company. One of her responsibilities is to purchase network devices to maintain the company network.
Jennifer would like to purchase a new ____, which would be used to connect the company’s LAN and the Internet.
Jennifer is the network administrator at a medium-sized company. One of her responsibilities is to purchase network devices to maintain the company network.
Jennifer would like to purchase a new ____, which would be used to connect the company’s LAN and the Internet.
router
A program that reduces the size of files, typically to be stored or transmitted more efficiently is called _______.
A program that reduces the size of files, typically to be stored or transmitted more efficiently is called _______.
File compression
A(n) ____________________ is a private network, such as a company LAN, that is designed to be used by an organization’s employees and is set up like the Internet.
A(n) ____________________ is a private network, such as a company LAN, that is designed to be used by an organization’s employees and is set up like the Internet.
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A computer network is a collection of _____.
A computer network is a collection of _____.
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Which of the following kinds of software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of a computer and its devices?
Which of the following kinds of software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of a computer and its devices?
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A ____ is a prewritten formula that is built into Excel.
A ____ is a prewritten formula that is built into Excel.
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In the context of networks, a communication __________ refers to a set of rules for efficiently transmitting data from one network node to another.
In the context of networks, a communication __________ refers to a set of rules for efficiently transmitting data from one network node to another.
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Which of the following formulas contains an absolute cell reference?
Which of the following formulas contains an absolute cell reference?
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With which of the following do users interact with menus and visual images such as icons, buttons, and other objects to issue commands?
With which of the following do users interact with menus and visual images such as icons, buttons, and other objects to issue commands?
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Why is a fragmented disk slower than one that is defragmented?
Why is a fragmented disk slower than one that is defragmented?
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____ are earth-based stations that can transmit microwave signals directly to each other over distances of up to about 30 miles.
____ are earth-based stations that can transmit microwave signals directly to each other over distances of up to about 30 miles.
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____ is a networking standard for very short-range wireless connections; the devices are automatically connected once they get within the allowable range.
____ is a networking standard for very short-range wireless connections; the devices are automatically connected once they get within the allowable range.
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You have just been hired by the IT department for a local company. Your first assignment is to set up a network with multiple connections between network devices. The company needs to ensure that even if one device on the network fails or if the line of connection fails, the network should function, assuming an alternate path is available. Which of the following network topologies do you suggest?
You have just been hired by the IT department for a local company. Your first assignment is to set up a network with multiple connections between network devices. The company needs to ensure that even if one device on the network fails or if the line of connection fails, the network should function, assuming an alternate path is available. Which of the following network topologies do you suggest?
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A formula using the _____ cell reference B4 instructs Excel to adjust the cell reference as it copies it to the destination area.
A formula using the _____ cell reference B4 instructs Excel to adjust the cell reference as it copies it to the destination area.
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Mike creates a graph on his computer using a spreadsheet application. He uses the mouse as the peripheral device with the computer. Which of the following serves as an intermediary between application programs and the computer's hardware that allows Mike to complete his work?
Mike creates a graph on his computer using a spreadsheet application. He uses the mouse as the peripheral device with the computer. Which of the following serves as an intermediary between application programs and the computer's hardware that allows Mike to complete his work?
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Excel's ____ function adds all of the numbers in a range of cells.
Excel's ____ function adds all of the numbers in a range of cells.
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A(n) _________ is a networking cable that contains hundreds of thin, transparent filaments over which lasers transmit data as light.
A(n) _________ is a networking cable that contains hundreds of thin, transparent filaments over which lasers transmit data as light.
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The type of system software that acts as the master controller for all activities that take place within a computer system is a(n)___.
The type of system software that acts as the master controller for all activities that take place within a computer system is a(n)___.
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Which of the following kinds of operating systems allow only one user to run one program or app at a time?
Which of the following kinds of operating systems allow only one user to run one program or app at a time?
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Why is installed software different from cloud software?
Why is installed software different from cloud software?
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On a network, which protocol is responsible for dividing files into chunks, adding headers containing information for reassembling packets in their original order, and error checking?
On a network, which protocol is responsible for dividing files into chunks, adding headers containing information for reassembling packets in their original order, and error checking?
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Which of the following is the data transfer rate equivalent to 5 billion bits per second?
Which of the following is the data transfer rate equivalent to 5 billion bits per second?
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Small programs called ____ are used to communicate with peripheral devices, such as monitors, printers, portable storage devices, and keyboards.
Small programs called ____ are used to communicate with peripheral devices, such as monitors, printers, portable storage devices, and keyboards.
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Which of the following is the process of starting or restarting a computer or mobile device?
Which of the following is the process of starting or restarting a computer or mobile device?
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Filenames typically include a ____ at the end of the filename.
Filenames typically include a ____ at the end of the filename.
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____ networks use a central device to connect each device directly to the network.
____ networks use a central device to connect each device directly to the network.
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George is the network administrator at a medium-sized company. One of his responsibilities is to purchase network devices to maintain the company network.
George realizes that to improve network performance, he needs to buy and install a ______ which identifies the device on the network for which the data is intended and sends the data to that device only.
George is the network administrator at a medium-sized company. One of his responsibilities is to purchase network devices to maintain the company network.
George realizes that to improve network performance, he needs to buy and install a ______ which identifies the device on the network for which the data is intended and sends the data to that device only.
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The physical ____________________ of a computer network indicates how the devices in the network are arranged.
The physical ____________________ of a computer network indicates how the devices in the network are arranged.
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Which protocol is typically used with LANs and can be used in conjunction with twisted-pair, coaxial, or fiber-optic cabling.
Which protocol is typically used with LANs and can be used in conjunction with twisted-pair, coaxial, or fiber-optic cabling.
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____ refers to the ability of an operating system to have more than one program open at one time.
____ refers to the ability of an operating system to have more than one program open at one time.
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Which of the following provides the mobile user with a secure connection to the company network server?
Which of the following provides the mobile user with a secure connection to the company network server?
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With ____, data is sent one bit at a time, one after the other along a single path.
With ____, data is sent one bit at a time, one after the other along a single path.
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In this kind of memory, the operating system allocates a portion of a storage medium, usually the hard disk or a USB flash drive, to function as additional RAM. What kind of memory is this?
In this kind of memory, the operating system allocates a portion of a storage medium, usually the hard disk or a USB flash drive, to function as additional RAM. What kind of memory is this?
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Study Notes
Data Collection Devices (Source Data Automation)
- Distinguishes itself by collecting data directly at the point of transaction, rather than relying on computer input.
- Collects and stores more data in less time than other input devices.
- Generally, has higher reliability, making it suitable for high-security data capture.
Machine Cycle Steps
- Fetching
- Decoding
- Executing
- Storing
Byte Abbreviation
- 2000 bytes = 2KB
CPU Function
- Interprets and carries out basic computer instructions.
Data Definition
- A collection of unprocessed items, including text, numbers, images, audio, and video.
Volatile Memory
- Loses its contents when the computer is turned off.
Pipelining
- The CPU's capability to start a new instruction as soon as the previous instruction completes its first stage.
Scanner Optical Resolution
- Measured in dots per inch (dpi), crucial for image quality.
Software Definition
- Programs or instructions that tell computer hardware what to do.
Non-volatile Storage Media
- Data remains on the media even when the power is off.
Hard Drive Function
- Typically used for program and data storage on personal computers.
64-Bit Bus
- An electrical channel capable of transferring 8 bytes of data at a time.
Computer Definition
- An electronic device that accepts data, processes it, produces results, and stores them.
Transistor Impact on Computers
- Reduced the size, cost, and energy consumption of computers.
Information Definition
- Conveys meaning and is useful to users.
Storage Device Access Time
- Measured in milliseconds.
Bytes to Store Text
- Eight bytes are needed to store the provided text.
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
- Duplicates data, instructions, and information to enhance reliability.
SSD Advantages over Hard Disks
- Faster transfer rates.
Bit Definition
- The smallest unit of data a digital computer can recognize.
Optical Drive Capabilities
- Works with CDs, DVDs, and BDs.
Bus Width
- Determines the number of bits a computer can transmit simultaneously.
Pixel Definition
- The smallest colorable area on a display device.
Cloud Storage
- Stores data in a remote service provider's data center, accessible from any device.
Expansion Bus
- Allows the processor to communicate with peripheral devices.
Digital Device Convergence
- The overlap of technologies that allow phones to take photos, play media, etc.
Multicore Processor
- Contains multiple processing units.
Removable Storage Media
- Refers to the storage medium being separate from the storage device.
Input Device Function (Keyboard)
- Allows users to input data into computer memory.
LED Display Characteristics
- LCD panels backed by light.
Picosecond Measurement
- One trillionth of a second.
Graphics Card Function
- A key component of the display system.
Word Size
- The amount of data the CPU can manipulate at once.
RAM Type
- The most common volatile memory.
Flash Memory Function
- Nonvolatile memory for computer or user storage.
Laser Printer Advantages
- Standard for business documents, typically faster and with higher quality.
Memory Function
- Stores instructions, data needed by those instructions.
Register Function
- Stores data and intermediate results during processing for the CPU.
Cache Memory Function
- High-speed memory accessed by the processor quicker than other RAM.
Data Recording/Retrieval Device Examples
- USB flash drives, SSDs, hard disks.
Motherboard Description
- The main circuit board in the computer's system unit.
Register Memory Function
- Used to store data during processing.
Biometric Readers
- Input devices used for verifying identity via physiological characteristics.
Hardware Definition
- The physical parts of a computer.
ASCII/Unicode Function
- Used to code character data.
Fastest Memory Access Time
- Picosecond.
Bitmapped Image Pixel Representation
- The color of each pixel is represented by bits, higher bit values lead to better image quality.
Quad-core 3.60GHz Computer Meaning
- The CPU has 4 processing cores and a system clock speed of nearly 4 billion cycles per second.
Byte Definition
- Eight bits grouped together.
Backspace Key Function
- Removes the character before the insertion point.
Digital Divide Definition
- The gap between those with and without access to information and communication technologies.
Green Computing Definition
- Developing and using computers in an environmentally friendly manner by reducing energy consumption.
Accuracy Definition
- Related to the responsibility for the truthfulness and correctness of information.
IT Related Stress
- Ongoing technology changes create stress that many individuals feel.
Product Stewardship Concept
- Acknowledges that everyone involved in a product's life cycle also shares in the responsibility for proper disposal.
Plagiarism Definition
- Copying and pasting information without crediting the original authors.
E-Trash (Electronic Waste)
- Discarded computer components like circuit boards, chips, monitors, and keyboards.
Kernel Function
- The part of the operating system that remains in memory.
Router Function
- Connects a company's LAN to the internet.
File Compression Definition
- A program that shrinks the size of files for more efficient storage and transmission.
Intranet Definition
- A private network, like a company LAN, designed for employee use, similar to the internet's structure.
Computer Network Definition
- A system of interconnected hardware and systems, allowing users to share resources and communicate electronically.
System Software Function
- Programs that control or maintain computer operations.
Excel Function (SUM)
- Adds numbers in a range of cells.
Network Protocol Definition
- Rules for efficiently transmitting data between network nodes.
Absolute Cell Reference
- A cell reference that does not adjust when copied.
GUI (Graphical User Interface)
- Allows users to interact with menus and images to issue commands.
Fragmented Disk Slowdown
- Results from many files being stored in non-contiguous sectors.
Microwave Stations Function
- Transmit microwave signals to other earth-based stations.
Bluetooth Function
- A short-range wireless connection protocol.
Mesh Network Topology
- Provides multiple paths for data transmission and is resistant to failure.
Relative Cell Reference Function
- Adjusts when a formula is copied to a different area.
Operating System's Intermediary Role
- Acts as an intermediary between application programs and the computer's hardware.
Excel Function (SUM) Description
- Adds the numbers in a range of cells in an Excel spreadsheet
Fiber-Optic Cable Function
- A networking cable using laser-transmitted light signals.
Operating System (OS) Purpose
- The master controller for computer system activities.
Single User/Single Tasking OS
- Allows only one user to execute one program at a time.
Installed vs. Cloud Software Differences
- Installed software needs to be installed on a device, while cloud software is run directly from the internet.
TCP Protocol Function
- Divides files into chunks, adds headers, and checks errors for file transmission.
Gigabit per Second (Gbps) Conversion
- 5 billion bits per second
Device Drivers Function
- Small programs to communicate with peripheral devices.
Booting Process
- Starting or restarting a computer.
Filename Extension
- Part of the filename used to specify.
Star Network Topology
- Uses a central device to connect all other devices.
Switch Function (Networking)
- Identifies the intended recipient of data and sends it directly to that device.
Network Topology Definition
- The physical layout of a network's devices.
Ethernet Function
- A networking standard used often in LANs.
Multitasking Definition
- Operating system capability of running multiple programs simultaneously.
VPN (Virtual Private Network)
- Provides secure connections to company networks.
Serial Transmission Definition
- Sending data one bit at a time along a single path.
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Description
Test your knowledge on fundamental computer science concepts including data collection devices, machine cycle steps, and CPU functions. This quiz covers various topics such as memory types, pipelining, and software definitions that are essential for understanding computer operations.
