Computer Peripheral Devices and Memory Systems

Computer Peripheral Devices

• A CPU is not a peripheral device; it's the central processing unit.
• A keyboard, monitor, and mouse are all peripheral devices.

System Unit Ports

• A port allows data transfer between various devices and the computer.

Computer Memory (ROM)

• ROM (Read-Only Memory) is memory where users cannot write new information or instructions.

Groups of Bits

• A Byte is a group of 8 bits.

Megabytes and Bytes

• A megabyte (MB) is equal to 1024 * 1024 bytes.

Device Drivers

• Device drivers allow input and output devices to communicate with the computer system.

Computer Memory Types

• Primary memory is also known as main memory.
• Secondary memory is separate from main memory.

Optical Disks

• A CD is a non-erasable disk for storing digitized audio information.

Outputting Data

• Outputting data produces useful information for the user.

Output Units

• The output unit transforms user-entered data into a computer-readable format.

Data Input/Output

• Input is the raw materials used in data processing operations. The processed data becomes the output.

Computer Characteristics

• I.Q. is not a characteristic of a computer.
• Speed, accuracy, capacity, and reliability are computer characteristics.

Computer Memory

• Memory is an electronic storage for data retrieval.

Memory Size

• The size of main memory depends on the address bus size.
• Secondary memory is independent of the address bus.

Memory Address Register (MAR)

• MAR stands for Memory Address Register.

Optical Disks - Storage Capacity

• Storage capacity of optical disks is calculated by multiplying the number of sectors by the number of bytes per sector.

Disk Rotation

• The disk rotation speed varies inversely with the radius of the disk.

Disk Sectors

• Sectors on the disk have a constant size.

Optical Disk Access Times

• Typical access times for optical disks range between 100 to 300 milliseconds.

Optical Disk Technology

• The technology used in optical disks is laser beam.

Computer Input Devices

• Input devices read data and instructions from the outside world.
• Input devices do not convert data into user-understandable formats.

Types of Computer Users

• End-users are computer users who aren't computer professionals.

Computer Classifications

• A maxicomputer is not a computer type.
• Mainframes, microcomputers, notebook computers, and supercomputers are computer classifications.

Most Powerful Computers

• Supercomputers are the most powerful computers.

Binary System

• Data is represented in computers using the binary system, which is a two-state (on/off) system.

Data Representation

• A bit represents a letter, digit, or special character.

Capacity Measurement

• Memory is measured in terms of megabytes.

Cache Memory

• Cache memory is a type of memory built into the CPU chip.

Processor Speed

• Processor speed is measured in megahertz (MHz).

Screen Display Metrics

• Dot pitch is the distance between pixels on a screen.

Screen Symbols

• Icons are pictorial symbols that represent computer activities.

Image Display Forms

• Screen output displays images in a soft copy format.

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Devices

• Wand readers are devices for optical character recognition.

Mark Sensing Devices

• OMR stands for Optical Mark Recognition.

Screen Refresh Rate

• The rate of screen refreshment is called raster rate.

Test your knowledge on computer peripheral devices, memory types, and data transfer systems. This quiz covers essential concepts about CPU, device drivers, and data storage methods in computers. Perfect for students studying computer science or information technology.