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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason why a complex computer network might be difficult to set up?

  • The cost of implementing network security measures.
  • The complexity of managing multiple devices and connections.
  • The lack of readily available network engineers. (correct)
  • The need for specialized equipment and software.

Which of the following network types is specifically designed for internal use within an organization, restricting access to authorized users?

  • Intranet (correct)
  • Extranet
  • Wide Area Network (WAN)
  • Local Area Network (LAN)

Which of the following network motivations primarily revolves around accessing large databases efficiently, especially when data duplication is expensive?

  • Load Sharing
  • Data Sharing (correct)
  • Message Service
  • Program Sharing

Which of the following network motivations is NOT considered a primary motivation for a network of scientific computers?

<p>Message Service (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies the use of an Extranet?

<p>A company's online portal for suppliers to access order information and track deliveries. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a potential security threat associated with a computer network?

<p>Increased network latency due to high traffic. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the BEST description of the primary purpose of a Local Area Network (LAN)?

<p>Connecting computers and devices within a geographically limited area. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which network layout is characterized by all nodes being connected to a central node, making it vulnerable to disruption if that central node fails?

<p>Star Network (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary motivation behind the development of ARPANET, as described in the content presented?

<p>To develop a network resistant to nuclear attacks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of network architecture did ARPANET utilize, as described in the content?

<p>A decentralized network without a single point of failure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary communication protocol used by computers connected to ARPANET, as mentioned in the text?

<p>National Control Protocol (NCP) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is the historical timeline of ARPANET's development and the introduction of email?

<p>ARPANET was launched in 1969, and the first email was sent in 1972. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the development of Local Area Ethernet Networks (LANs) and workstations affect ARPANET's growth?

<p>LANs and workstations provided a new connection point for ARPANET, increasing its reach and expansion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which network layout is characterized by each node being connected to its immediate neighbors on either side, forming a closed loop?

<p>Ring Network (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these network types is most resistant to the failure of a single node?

<p>Mesh Network (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a protocol in a network, as mentioned in the text?

<p>To provide a standard for communication and data exchange between devices. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid value for the target attribute of an <a> element?

<p>external (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you create a hyperlink to an email address that opens the user's default email client?

<p><a href="mailto:[email protected]">Send Email</a> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an accurate description of an absolute hyperlink?

<p>A link that contains the full address of the destination file or website. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which rel attribute value would you use to indicate that a page is licensed under a specific license?

<p>license (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the download attribute in an <a> element?

<p>To prompt the user to download a linked file. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is specifically designed for transferring files between computers on the internet?

<p>FTP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Web Hosting service?

<p>Storing and managing website content for users. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between HTTP and HTTPS?

<p>HTTPS is a more secure version of HTTP, using encryption to protect data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of a search engine in the Internet?

<p>A tool for finding specific websites by indexing and organizing their content. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a 'client' computer from a 'server' computer in the client-server architecture of the internet?

<p>A client requests resources from a server, while a server provides those resources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand that search engines don't search the entire internet?

<p>Because search engines have limited resources and can only index a fraction of the internet's data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do TCP/IP protocols facilitate communication on the internet?

<p>By establishing the rules for transmitting data between computers over networks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an Internet Service Provider (ISP)?

<p>Providing internet access to individuals and organizations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of a 'web server'?

<p>A specialized computer that stores and delivers website content to users. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the internet, what is the difference between a 'nonprofit organization' and a 'business'?

<p>Nonprofits are focused on public service, while businesses aim for profit. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a valid HTML code to create an ordered list of three items?

<p><code>&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;First item\ &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Second item\&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Third item&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;</code> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the \<dd> tag in HTML?

<p>To define the description of a term in a description list. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between HTML, CSS, and JavaScript?

<p>HTML defines the structure of a web page, CSS defines the style or visual presentation, and JavaScript adds interactivity and functionality. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between an ordered list and an unordered list in HTML?

<p>Ordered lists are used for creating lists with items in a specific sequence, while unordered lists are used for lists with items in no particular order. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a valid option for the \<li> tag in an ordered list?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of HTML nested lists, which of the following is TRUE about the relationship between the \<ul> and \<ol> tags?

<p>Both <code>\&lt;ul&gt;</code> and <code>\&lt;ol&gt;</code> tags can be nested within each other. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about HTML description lists is TRUE?

<p>They are used to create simple lists of terms and their corresponding definitions. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider this HTML code: \<dl>\<dt>Term 1\</dt>\<dd>Description 1\</dd>\<dt>Term 2\</dt>\<dd>Description 2\</dd>\</dl>. What would the output of this code look like?

<p>Term 1 Description 1 Term 2 Description 2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Computer Virus

A malicious program that replicates itself to infect devices.

Denial of Service

An attack that prevents access to a network or service.

Load Sharing

Distributing computing tasks across multiple systems to balance the load.

Intranet

A private network within an organization, only accessible to authorized users.

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Extranet

A controlled network that extends an intranet to authorized external users.

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Local Area Network (LAN)

A network connecting devices in a limited area like a home or office.

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Data Sharing

Transmitting files to a remote computer to access large databases.

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Bus Network

A network layout where all nodes connect to a common medium.

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Star Network

A network layout where all nodes connect to a central node.

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Ring Network

A network layout where each node connects to two neighbors, forming a ring.

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Mesh Network

A network where each node connects to multiple neighbors for redundancy.

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Fully Connected Network

A network where every node is directly connected to every other node.

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ARPANET

The precursor to the Internet developed by ARPA for secure communications.

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NCP

National Control Protocol, the standard communication protocol for ARPANET.

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Protocol

A set of rules that determine how data is transmitted over a network.

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Hyperlink

A clickable link that connects to a web resource.

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Link Target Options

Attributes to control where hyperlinks open: self, blank, parent, top.

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Visited Link Appearance

A visited link is typically purple and underlined.

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Email Link

A hyperlink that opens the user's email client to send a message.

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Absolute Hyperlink

A link with the full URL, including the protocol and domain.

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Ordered List

A list that maintains a distinct order, using numbers or letters.

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HTML Tag for Ordered List

The <ol> tag is used to define an ordered list in HTML.

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List Item Tag

The <li> tag is used for each item in a list.

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Unordered List

A list that does not maintain a specific order, using bullets.

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HTML Tag for Unordered List

The <ul> tag defines an unordered list in HTML.

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Description List

A list that defines terms with descriptions, using <dl> tag.

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Description Term Tag

The <dt> tag is used to define a term in a description list.

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Description Tag

The <dd> tag provides the description for a term in a description list.

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Nested List

A list containing another list as an item, for outlining structures.

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HTML Structure Tags

<ol>, <ul>, <dl>, <li>, <dt>, <dd> are used for lists.

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Web Hosting

Service for storing websites on servers for user access.

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Search Engine

Tool to find information online using algorithms.

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TCP/IP Protocol

Main rules for communication over the Internet.

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HTTP

Protocol for exchanging files and resources on the web.

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HTTPS

Secure version of HTTP for encrypted communications.

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Internet Service Provider (ISP)

Organization providing access to the Internet and related services.

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Client-Server Architecture

Model where servers provide resources to client devices.

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Web Server

Computer running software to serve web content.

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Algorithm

Set of rules for processing data, used by search engines.

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Study Notes

Internet Overview

  • The Internet is a global network of interconnected computer networks
  • Uses TCP/IP protocols for communication
  • Connects millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks.

Computer Networks

  • A network connects two or more computers (hosts) to share resources.
  • Each device on a network is a node with a unique address.
  • Protocols (rules) govern communication between computers.
  • Networks facilitate communication (email, messaging, video conferencing) and sharing of data.

Network Properties

  • Facilitate communication
  • Permit sharing of data and information
  • Share network and computing resources (e.g., printers)
  • Can be insecure (vulnerable to hacking)
  • Can be costly to set up

Network Types

  • Local Area Network (LAN): Connects computers in a limited area (home, office).
  • Wide Area Network (WAN): Spans large geographic areas (cities, countries).
  • Intranet: A private network within an organization using Internet protocols.
  • Extranet: A network that extends an organization's intranet to authorized external users.
  • Enterprise Private Network: Connects multiple company sites, sharing resources.
  • Virtual Private Network (VPN): A network that uses parts of a larger network (e.g., Internet) for secure communication.

Network Topologies

  • Bus Network: All devices are connected to a single cable.
  • Star Network: All devices connect to a central hub.
  • Ring Network: Devices connected in a ring, data passes sequentially.
  • Mesh Network: Each device connects to multiple other devices.
  • Fully Connected Network: Every device connects to every other device.
  • Network topologies define how devices relate within a network (logically and physically).

Internet History

  • The U.S. Defense Department funded ARPANET (predecessor to the Internet) in 1969 to develop a secure network.
  • ARPANET evolved into protocols for communicating across multiple networks, leading to TCP/IP.
  • The Internet expanded rapidly, connecting more computers and services.

Internet Protocols

  • TCP/IP: A suite of protocols that define how data is transmitted over the Internet.
  • HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring web pages.
  • HTTPS: Secure version of HTTP.
  • FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring files.

Key Web Concepts

  • Web Page: A single document on the Internet.
  • Web Site: A collection of several Web pages.
  • URL (Uniform Resource Locator): An address that indicates the location of a resource on the web (e.g., protocol, domain name, etc.).
  • Browsers: Software used to access and view web pages.
  • Servers: Computers that store web pages and make them available to users.
  • HTML (HyperText Markup Language): The programming language used to create web pages.
  • Internet Protocol standard ensures data transmission protocols.

Search Engines

  • Search engines allow users to find information on the web.
  • Organize, store, and analyze information from the Internet.
  • Search results based on keyword match.

Network Architecture

  • Client-server architecture is used on the Internet.
  • Servers provide services (e.g., web pages).
  • Clients request and use these services.

Web Design

  • Client/server architecture is foundational to internet services.
  • Web Servers host web pages.
  • Clients (users) access web pages through web browsers.

Other Important Concepts

  • HTML tags describe content and structure.
  • Website structure is organized to aid navigation.
  • Multiple colors can help create useful websites.
  • Web accessibility means designing websites usable by everyone, including users with disabilities.

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