Computer Communications and Networks
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Computer Communications and Networks

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Questions and Answers

What is the main advantage of using fiber optic cables over coaxial cables?

  • Lower data capacity
  • Slower data transmission
  • More reliable and faster data transmission (correct)
  • Higher physical weight

    • What factor is NOT considered when calculating real-world download speeds?

  • Interference from other devices
  • Shared bandwidth with all devices
  • Signal loss due to distance
  • Maximum speed the device can achieve (correct)

    • Which frequency range of 5G connectivity is noted for being less prone to interference?

  • Medium band frequency
  • High band frequency (correct)
  • Low band frequency
  • Sub-6 GHz frequency

    • What does a 1 petabit per second speed signify?

    <p>1 million gigabits per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio of bytes to bits typically used for data calculations?

    <p>1:8 ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary disadvantage of satellite internet systems?

    <p>Higher latency due to orbital distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method of computer communication?

    <p>Physical document exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the relationship between download/upload speeds and the number of connected devices?

    <p>Speeds decrease due to shared bandwidth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic distinguishes peer-to-peer networks from other network types?

    <p>Nodes are both clients and servers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant drawback of using satellite internet compared to DSL or cable?

    <p>Slower than both DSL and cable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key role do routers play in a network?

    <p>They forward data packets to their destinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a common use of peer-to-peer networks?

    <p>Sharing files such as games and movies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for effective data transfer protocols in a network?

    <p>Mutually agreed upon rules and conventions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does GPS stand for?

    <p>Global Positioning System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which wireless communication standard is used for short-range communication up to 33 meters?

    <p>Bluetooth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a DSL connection primarily operate?

    <p>Using existing telephone lines with different frequencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary disadvantage of the 2.4G wireless connection?

    <p>Lower data rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of Internet Service Provider (ISP) connection?

    <p>Broadband wire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does bandwidth refer to?

    <p>The rate of information transfer over a connection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major consequence of congested network connections?

    <p>Interrupted data flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of a server in a network?

    <p>To share resources with other nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)?

    <p>To communicate error messages and status conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a VPN in network security?

    <p>It creates an encrypted 'tunnel' for secure connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which HTTP status code indicates that access to a resource is forbidden?

    <p>403</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'ping' primarily used for in network communication?

    <p>To check the reachability of a host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a listed common reason for using a VPN?

    <p>Increasing internet speed indefinitely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Domain Naming System (DNS) do?

    <p>It translates host names to IP addresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What purpose does an IP address serve in a network?

    <p>It helps identify your device like a home address.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In data encryption, what does the transformation from plain text to ciphertext involve?

    <p>Applying a specific algorithm to conceal data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of switches in a network?

    <p>To coordinate data flow by sending messages directly between nodes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which range do well-known port numbers fall?

    <p>0 - 1024</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these domains is the second level domain in the example 'canvas.ateneo.edu'?

    <p>ateneo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of firewalls in network security?

    <p>To limit access to certain resources and control information flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of protocols such as HTTP?

    <p>To provide guidelines for implementing end-user services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes client/server network strategy?

    <p>Central computers coordinate and supply services to other nodes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of URLs in networking?

    <p>They help access specific resources on the internet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the range of port numbers from 1024 to 49151 signify?

    <p>Registered ports that are assigned to specific services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Computer Communications

    • The process of sharing data, programs, and information between devices.
    • Examples include emails, texts, and electronic commerce.
    • Connectivity uses networks to link people and resources.

    Networks

    • Nodes: Devices connected to a network such as computers, printers, or storage devices.
    • Routers: Nodes that forward data packets from one network to another.
    • Switches: Central nodes that coordinate data flow by sending messages directly between sender and receiver nodes.

    Network Architecture and Strategies

    • Network communication systems connect two or more computers to exchange information and share resources.
    • Client/server networks: Central computers (servers) coordinate and supply services to other nodes (clients).
    • Peer-to-peer networks: Nodes act as both client and server, commonly used for sharing files and data.

    Network Etiquette and Protocols

    • Protocols: Mutually agreed upon rules and conventions for efficient data transfer, set up in a multilayered hierarchy.
    • IP Address: Identifies a device on a network.
    • Port: Application or service running on a computer.

    Network Topologies

    • Bus: Devices are connected to a single cable.
    • Star: Devices are connected to a central hub or switch.
    • Ring: Devices are connected in a closed loop.
    • Mesh: Devices are connected to multiple other devices to create redundant paths

    Transmission Media

    • Wired:
      • Coaxial Cables: Transmit data using electrical signals.
      • Fiber Optic Cables: Transmit data using light pulses, known for high speed and reliability.
      • Twisted Pair Cables: Transmit data using electrical signals over pairs of insulated wires that are twisted together to reduce interference.
    • Wireless:
      • Bluetooth: Short-range radio communication standard (up to 33 meters).
      • Wi-Fi: Wireless fidelity, uses radio signals with varying data transfer speeds and frequencies.

    Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

    • Provide connections between devices and networks. Examples include:
      • Dial-up: Uses existing telephone lines and modems.
      • DSL: Uses existing telephone lines, different frequencies.
      • Cable: Facilitates connections between devices, uses coaxial cables.
      • Fiber-optic service (FiOS): Uses fiber optic cables for faster speeds.
      • Satellite: Uses orbiting satellites as microwave relay stations.
      • Cellular: Provides wireless data and voice transmission.

    Network Security

    • Firewalls: Limit access to certain things, controlling what information from a network is allowed to reach your private network.
    • VPN: Virtual Private Network, creates an encrypted tunnel between your device and a server.
    • Encryption: Converts data into a specific code based on an algorithm, concealing important data and preventing unauthorized access.

    Network Speed and Bandwidth

    • Bandwidth: The rate of information transfer across a network connection.
    • Bits: Measure data transfer speed (Mbps, Gbps).
    • Bytes: Measure file sizes (MBps, GBps), typically have a 1:8 ratio with bits.
    • Real-world speeds: Shared bandwidth between all connected devices, affected by interference and distance.

    Network Protocols

    • HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol, used for transferring web pages and other data on the internet.
    • ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol, used for error messages and status conditions within networks.
    • DNS: Domain Naming System, translates domain names to IP addresses.

    Network Interference

    • Frequency: Higher frequencies (like 5Ghz) have a smaller coverage area but are less prone to interference.
    • Environmental factors: Buildings, walls, and other electronics can interfere with wireless signals.

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    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts of computer communications, network architecture, and etiquette. This quiz covers key elements such as nodes, routers, and the different types of networks, including client/server and peer-to-peer systems. Test your knowledge of how devices share data and communicate effectively.

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