Computer Networks Chapter on Service Primitives

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Questions and Answers

What provides a simple connection-oriented service in networking?

Connectionless services

Service primitives (correct)

Service descriptors

Communication protocols

Which layer is NOT part of the OSI reference model?

Application layer

Transport layer

Session layer

Link layer (correct)

In which situation is a connection-oriented service most appropriate?

Email communication

Real-time video streaming

Broadcasting data packets

File transfer requiring guaranteed delivery (correct)

What is a primary difference between the OSI model and the TCP/IP model?

Number of layers Signup and view all the answers

Which OSI layer is responsible for process-to-process communication?

Transport layer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a service provided by the transport layer in the OSI model?

Error detection Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the TCP/IP model is responsible for data formatting and presentation?

Application layer Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a characteristic of service primitives?

They directly handle physical transmission. Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is a central component of the TCP/IP Internet layer?

IP Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main criticisms of the OSI model?

Complexity in practical implementation Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of connection-oriented service?

It establishes a virtual circuit before data transfer. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the difference between connection-oriented and connectionless services?

Connection-oriented services guarantee delivery, whereas connectionless services may lose packets. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines service primitives in computer networks?

They are the fundamental services provided by network layers to higher layers. Signup and view all the answers

In the OSI Reference Model, which layer is primarily responsible for data transfer and error detection?

Data Link Layer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the TCP/IP Reference Model?

It is divided into four layers that facilitate communication. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of packet switching used in wide area networks?

It efficiently utilizes network resources by allowing multiple communications simultaneously. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following concepts is NOT central to the OSI model?

Devices Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between connection-oriented and connectionless services?

Connection-oriented services establish a connection before data transfer. Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the OSI Reference Model is associated with transport protocol functions?

Transport Layer Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'service primitives' refer to in the context of network services?

The fundamental operations provided by protocol layers. Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is part of the TCP/IP reference model?

Application Layer Signup and view all the answers

What best critiques the performance of the OSI model?

It was developed without proper technology implementation. Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Network Layer play in both the OSI and TCP/IP models?

It routes data packets between different networks. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the ARPANET's contribution to network technology?

It demonstrated the effectiveness of packet-switching technology. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Service Primitives

Six service primitives exist to facilitate connection-oriented services in computer networks.
Acknowledged datagrams are utilized for interaction between clients and servers.

Relationship of Services to Protocols

Services operate independently and do not dictate how data is transferred; protocols govern the methods used to achieve these services.

Reference Models

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) and TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) reference models serve as foundational structures in networking.
Each model comprises specific layers to improve functionality and abstraction in networking operations.
Comparisons reveal strengths and weaknesses between OSI and TCP/IP models.

OSI Reference Model

Composed of seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.
Each layer is designed for distinct functionalities, aiming to minimize information flow between layers.
International standards influence the development of layers.

TCP/IP Reference Model

Consists of four layers: Link, Internet, Transport, and Application.
Protocols relevant to the TCP/IP model are studied within the context of these layers.

Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP Models

Central concepts in the OSI model include services, interfaces, and protocols.
Each model differs in structure and flexibility.

Critique of OSI Model and Protocols

Criticisms of the OSI model include poor timing, outdated technology, ineffective implementations, and political issues.

Example Networks

Significant networks include the Internet, ARPANET, NSFNET, third-generation mobile phone networks, Wireless LANs (802.11), RFID, and sensor networks.

ARPANET Development

Initially designed from the telephone system structure; the design proposed a distributed switching system.
The ARPANET experienced growth from December 1969 through September 1972, marking significant milestones in networking evolution.

NSFNET

In 1988, NSFNET served as a major backbone for network connectivity, reinforcing the reach of interconnections.

Key Terms in Networking

Important terms include packets (small data units), packet switching (data transmission method), routing (determining data paths), datagrams (self-contained data packets), and virtual circuits (logical connections between nodes).

Network Software

Involves protocol hierarchies and the design issues tied to different service types, focusing on the distinction between connection-oriented and connectionless services.
The relationship between service primitives and network protocols is crucial for establishing efficient communication routes.

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Description

This quiz covers the concept of service primitives in computer networks as detailed in the fifth edition of Andrew Tanenbaum's book. It discusses the six service primitives that facilitate a connection-oriented service and includes examples of client-server interactions. Test your understanding of these fundamental networking concepts.