Computer Networks Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is a network composed of?

  • A set of devices connected by media links (correct)
  • A set of devices connected by satellite links
  • A set of devices connected by software links
  • A set of computers connected by Internet

    • What is a node in a network?

  • A device that can only send data
  • A device that can only store data
  • A device that can send and/or receive data (correct)
  • A device that can only receive data

    • What is distributed processing an example of?

  • Centralized processing
  • Decentralized processing
  • Parallel processing
  • Distributed processing (correct)

    • What is an advantage of distributed databases?

    <p>No system needs to provide storage capacity for the entire database</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of multiple computers working on parts of a problem concurrently?

    <p>It takes a shorter time to solve the problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of security through redundancy?

    <p>A system that uses three computers running the same program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of collaborative processing?

    <p>Multiple users working on the same task</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of distributed processing in terms of security?

    <p>It limits the kinds of interactions that a given user can have with the entire system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of electromechanical energy conversion?

    <p>Converting electric energy into mechanical energy or vice versa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the magnetic field in electromechanical energy conversion?

    <p>It aids in the conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the electromechanical energy conversion process?

    <p>It is a reversible process except for the losses in the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to some of the energy during an energy conversion process?

    <p>It is converted into heat and lost from the system forever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of operation of electric motors?

    <p>The conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of generator action?

    <p>The conversion of mechanical energy into electric energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of studying the cause-effect relationships and bilateral energy flow between electrical circuits and their coupled magnetic fields?

    <p>To analyze energy conversion devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the magnetic field in the operation of electric motors and generators?

    <p>It is used to convert energy from one form to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of studying the interaction of two or more established magnetic fields?

    <p>To understand the resulting device performance and associated limitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental theory of electromagnetic fields based on?

    <p>Four Maxwell's equations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Ampere's law?

    <p>To govern the production of a magnetic field by current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the equation ∮H · dl = Ienc?

    <p>The line integral of a magnetic field intensity around a closed loop is equal to the total current enclosed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the magnetic field produced by the current in the example of a rectangular core with a winding of N turns of wire?

    <p>It remains inside the core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the path of integration in Ampere's law in the example of a rectangular core?

    <p>The mean path length of the core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to understand magnetic field variables in energy conversion devices?

    <p>To understand the resulting device performance and associated limitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Maxwell's equations in the context of electromagnetism?

    <p>They are generalizations of laws based on experiments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Network Fundamentals

    • A network consists of devices (nodes) connected by media links, enabling data exchange between nodes.
    • Nodes can be computers, printers, or any device capable of sending and/or receiving data.

    Distributed Processing Networks

    • Use distributed processing to divide tasks among multiple computers (personal computers or workstations).
    • Advantages of distributed processing:
      • Security/encapsulation: limiting user interactions with the system.
      • Distributed databases: no single system needs to store the entire database.
      • Faster problem solving: multiple computers working concurrently.
      • Security through redundancy: multiple computers running the same program.
      • Collaborative processing: multiple computers and users interact on a task.

    Network Criteria

    • A network must meet certain criteria to be considered effective and efficient:
      • Performance
      • Reliability
      • Security

    Electromechanical Energy Conversion

    • Electromechanical energy conversion involves the conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy or vice versa
    • Examples of devices that perform this conversion include electric motors (converting electric energy into mechanical energy) and electric generators (converting mechanical energy into electric energy)
    • The process of electromechanical energy conversion is reversible, meaning energy can be transferred back and forth between electrical and mechanical systems, except for losses in the system

    Principle of Operation

    • A current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field experiences a force that tends to move it
    • If the conductor is free to move, the magnetic field aids in the conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy (principle of operation of electric motors)
    • If an externally applied force makes the conductor move in a direction opposite to the magnetic force, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy (principle of operation of generators)

    Magnetic Field in Energy Conversion

    • The magnetic field acts as a medium for energy conversion in both electric motors and generators
    • The magnetic field produces a force that tends to move the conductor, allowing for the conversion of energy between electrical and mechanical systems

    Review of Basic Laws of Electromagnetism

    • Understanding of energy conversion devices begins with a study of the cause-effect relationships and bilateral energy flow between electrical circuits and their coupled magnetic fields
    • The basic laws and rules defining electromagnetism, electromotive force, and mechanical force associated with electromechanical energy conversion are essential for explaining device performance and limitations

    Maxwell's Equations

    • The fundamental theory of electromagnetic fields is based on four Maxwell's equations, which are generalizations of laws based on experiments
    • Two of the equations are reduced to Ampere's law and Faraday's law
    • Ampere's law states that the line integral of a magnetic field intensity around a closed loop is equal to the total current enclosed

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    Learn about the basics of computer networks, including devices, links, and distributed processing.

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