Computer Networking Protocols Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary difference between Go-Back-N and Stop-And-Wait protocols in terms of complexity?

Go-Back-N requires more memory at the transmitter. (correct)

Go-Back-N requires more complex error detection mechanisms.

Go-Back-N requires a larger number of sequence numbers to distinguish data units.

Go-Back-N requires more memory at the receiver.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Aloha and S-Aloha protocols?

They are prone to low efficiency due to potential collisions.

They lack preventive mechanisms to avoid collisions.

They handle collisions by retransmitting data after a random delay.

They employ fixed time intervals for transmission to avoid interference. (correct)

How many layers are present in the Internet protocol architecture?

Four (correct)

Six

It has no defined layers.

Seven

What kind of feedback does the TCP receiver send?

Cumulative acknowledgments for all received segments. Signup and view all the answers

How does Go-Back-N differ from Stop-And-Wait in terms of receiver window size?

Both protocols have the same receiver window size. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of S-Aloha protocol that distinguishes it from Aloha?

S-Aloha handles collisions by retransmitting data after a predetermined delay. Signup and view all the answers

Which layer in the Internet protocol stack is responsible for providing end-to-end connectivity?

Transport layer Signup and view all the answers

How does TCP achieve reliable data delivery?

By implementing a sliding window protocol with cumulative acknowledgments. Signup and view all the answers

How does the TCP protocol ensure the reliability of data transmission?

By using a checksum to detect errors and retransmitting lost or corrupted segments. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the P/F (Poll/Final) bit in the LAPB protocol?

To request a response from a secondary station. Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol does NOT explicitly define data unit boundaries?

IEEE 802.2 LLC Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the TCP protocol?

Data encryption Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the checksum in the TCP protocol?

To detect errors in data transmission. Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is used for domestic access to the internet?

PPP Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the IEEE 802.2 LLC layer in a network?

To provide logical addressing and flow control. Signup and view all the answers

What is the essential requirement for Ethernet to operate in 'full-duplex' mode?

A network switch with full-duplex capabilities. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the TCP segment header size?

It is of variable size depending on the options present Signup and view all the answers

How are logical addresses in the Internet organized?

They are organized into domains Signup and view all the answers

Which routing protocol is used for inter-AS routing?

EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol) Signup and view all the answers

In the OSI model, an (N)-connection can be realized by which of the following?

One or more (N-1) connections Signup and view all the answers

What modification was made to the MAC protocol in the transition from 10Mbit/s to 100Mbit/s Ethernet?

A new mechanism was introduced to avoid collisions Signup and view all the answers

What does the metric (cost) in a routing algorithm represent?

The weight assigned to a link in path selection Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT an advantage of virtual circuit type services over datagram type services?

Allows for a simpler routing mechanism Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding the TCP header options is correct?

Options have a variable size and may be omitted Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of virtual circuit services over datagram services?

Less variability in packet delays, routing only at connection opening phase Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is employed by IEEE 802.1d Transparent Bridges for routing?

Routing follows 'backward learning' and flooding criteria Signup and view all the answers

How does Ethernet at 1 Gb/s ensure effective collision detection compared to Fast Ethernet at 100 Mb/s?

By increasing the minimum size of PDUs Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes VBR (Variable Bit Rate) type sources from CBR (Constant Bit Rate) sources?

VBR allows a larger variation between maximum and minimum transmission speed Signup and view all the answers

At what level is end-to-end error recovery managed in the Internet environment?

At the Transport layer Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about CBR is correct?

CBR sources typically have a fixed transmission speed Signup and view all the answers

What implication does the switch from Fast Ethernet to Gigabit Ethernet have on network design?

Minimum distances between hosts must be maintained to detect collisions Signup and view all the answers

In what way does VBR typically affect network performance compared to CBR?

VBR sources introduce greater potential delay variability Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following enhances the possibility of parallelization and reduces the probability of error on a packet?

Better possibility of parallelization, lower packetization delay, lower probability of error on packet Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary service provided by the transport layer in the OSI model?

Based on the services provided by the network layer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE in the context of the ISO/OSI reference model?

One (N)-entity can be associated with two different (N-1)-addresses. Signup and view all the answers

In a Go-Back-N type window protocol, when is it advantageous to increase the size of the transmission window?

When transmission speed increases at equal data unit size and equal data unit transfer delays between transmitter and receiver Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors directly influences the length of a packet?

The degree of parallelization and the packetization delay Signup and view all the answers

Why are short packets beneficial for voice traffic over a packet network?

They minimize the delay in transmitting voice data, ensuring real-time communication. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for increasing the size of the transmission window in a Go-Back-N protocol?

To improve the efficiency of the protocol by reducing the time spent waiting for acknowledgements Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between packetization delay and the efficiency of a window protocol?

A lower packetization delay increases the efficiency of the protocol Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a full-duplex physical medium?

The capability to transmit and receive packets simultaneously. Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining feature of a full-duplex physical medium, as described in the text?

The ability to simultaneously receive and transmit packets. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the characteristics of a tree topology?

Low channel count, poor fault tolerance, easy routing. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about IPv4 addresses is correct?

IPv4 addresses have a fixed total length, with a variable length network identifier and a variable length host identifier. Signup and view all the answers

In Store-and-Forward packet-switched networks, what effect do large PDUs (packets) have on information transfer delay?

Increases the overall information transfer delay because each node must receive the entire PDU before it can send it on the next channel. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between transmission window size (Wt) and reception window size (Wr) in a Selective Repeat protocol?

The sum of Wt and Wr should always be less than or equal to 2^k, where k is the number of bits used for packet numbering. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary advantage of using small packets in Store-and-Forward packet-switched networks?

Minimizes the storage time at each node. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these network topologies is characterized by low channel count, poor fault tolerance, and easy routing?

Tree Topology Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Computer Networks Quiz

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Exercise 1: Common Channel Signaling

Requirement: Common channel signaling requires control apparatuses of switching stations to exchange packet-switched signaling information.
Separate channels: User information and signaling information travel on separate channels.
Single signaling channel: A single signaling channel controls all user channels. This channel operates as a packet.

Exercise 2: Fully Connected Mesh Topology

Characteristics: A fully connected mesh topology has a high channel count, good fault tolerance, and easy routing.

Exercise 3: Conversational Interactive Telecommunications Services

Characteristics: Conversational interactive telecommunications services are characterized by real-time information transfer.

Exercise 4: Packet-Switched Networks

Factors for choosing small packets:
- Lower incidence of control information.
- Higher efficiency in transferring larger data units (SDUs).
- Better parallelization possibilities.
- Lower transfer delay.
- Lower error probability on bits and packets.

Exercise 5: OSI Model - Transport Layer

Service reliance: The transport layer relies on services provided by the network layer.

Exercise 6: OSI Reference Model

N-entity and address: One N-entity can be associated with two different N-1 addresses.

Exercise 7: Window Protocol

No increase in complexity: The Go-Back-N protocol does not require increased complexity compared to Stop-and-Wait regarding memory required at the receiver.

Exercise 8: Aloha and S-Aloha Protocols

No preventive control: Aloha and S-Aloha protocols do not implement preventive control but only take action (retransmitting after a random delay) in case of interference (collision).

Exercise 9: Ethernet Standards

Collision detection (100Mb/s vs 1Gb/s): 1Gb/s Ethernet needs larger PDUs (packets) to meet time constraints on collision detection, whereas in 100Mb/s cases the time constraints are satisfied by decreasing the distance between nodes and by using fiber optic lines.

Exercise 10: Internet Protocol Architecture

Architecture: The Internet protocol architecture is organized into four layers.

Exercise 11: TCP Receiver

Feedback mechanism: The TCP receiver sends an acknowledgement (ACK) related to each segment received.

Exercise 12: TCP Header

Variable size: The header of a TCP segment has a variable size, depending on the options present, and is not fixed at 20 or 40 bytes.

Exercise 13: Logical Addresses in the Internet

Organization: Logical addresses in the Internet are organized into domains.

Exercise 14: Routing Protocol

AS routing: The Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) is used for routing between Autonomous Systems (AS).

Exercise 15: OSI connections

N-Connections: An N-connection can be realized through one or more N+1 connections.

Exercise 16/17: MAC Protocol Comparison

Efficiency and time constraints (10Mb/s to 100Mb/s Ethernet): The MAC protocol for 100Mb/s Ethernet has been modified to efficiently detect collisions, improve performance, and support real-time services via a smaller collision domain.

Exercise 18: Virtual Circuit vs. Datagram Services

Variability in delay: Virtual circuit services have less variability in packet delays and maintain packet sequence.

Exercise 19: IEEE 802.1d Transparent Bridges

Routing criteria: Routing follows "backward learning" and flooding criteria in transparent bridges.

Exercise 20: Ethernet at 1Gbit/s

Smaller Minimum PDUs: 1Gb/s Ethernet increases the minimum size of PDUs to enhance transmission time, allowing better detection of collisions.

Exercise 21: Types of Sources

CBR vs. VBR: VBR sources (e.g., video conferencing) have a greater difference between maximum and minimum transmission speeds which impacts the transmission delay compared to CBR sources, which has less delay variance.

Exercise 22: End-to-End Error Recovery

Transport layer: End-to-end error recovery in the Internet is primarily handled at the transport layer.

Exercise 23: POP3 Protocol

E-mail transfer: POP3 is used for transferring e-mail messages from a server to an email client.

Exercise 24: Collision Domain

Definition: The collision domain in Ethernet is the portion of the network within which a collision is detected.

Exercise 25: IP Subnet (Logical IP Subnet)

Hosts in subnet: Hosts share the same network prefix.

Exercise 26: OSI Reference Model

N-PCI content: An N-PCI can contain N-addresses in the OSI Model.

Exercise 27: TCP Protocol

Error Detection: TCP employs checksums for error detection on data within each segment.

Exercise 28: Poll/Final Bit

Acknowledgement: The P/F (Poll/Final) bit in the LaPB Layer 2 protocol allows you to prompt the receiver to send an acknowledgement.

... (and so on, for all the remaining exercises)

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Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts of computer networking protocols, focusing on Go-Back-N, Stop-And-Wait, Aloha, and TCP. This quiz covers important characteristics, functionalities, and protocol features to help you understand the complexities of networking. Perfect for students and professionals looking to sharpen their understanding of these protocols.