Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of computer networking?
What is a characteristic of computer networking?
What is the primary function of a managed switch?
What type of switch offers some management capabilities but not as advanced as managed switches?
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What is the primary function of a router?
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What is a key feature of plus switches that allows them to be configured and monitored?
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What is the maximum power that can be provided to devices by UPoE switches?
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What is the primary purpose of using Quality of Service (QoS) on a plus switch?
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In a bus topology, how are devices connected?
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What is the advantage of using PoE switches in a network?
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What is the main difference between a star topology and a mesh topology?
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What is the purpose of VLANs in a plus switch?
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What type of devices are typically powered by PoE switches?
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Study Notes
Computer Networking
- Definition: Computer networking refers to the process of connecting devices to share resources, exchange data, and communicate with each other.
- Key characteristics:
- Scalability: Ability to add or remove devices as needed.
- Flexibility: Ability to connect devices of different types and manufacturers.
- Reliability: Ability to maintain connections and data transfer even in the presence of errors or failures.
Network Components
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Devices:
- End devices (e.g., computers, smartphones, servers)
- Intermediary devices (e.g., routers, switches, modems)
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Media:
- Wired media (e.g., copper cables, fiber optic cables)
- Wireless media (e.g., radio waves, infrared)
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Protocols:
- Communication languages that govern data transmission and reception (e.g., TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP)
Types of Network Switches
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Unmanaged Switches:
- Simple, plug-and-play devices that forward data based on MAC addresses.
- No configuration or management capabilities.
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Managed Switches:
- Allow configuration and management of network traffic, VLANs, and Quality of Service (QoS).
- Support for SNMP, console, and web-based management.
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Smart Switches:
- Mid-level devices that offer some management capabilities, but not as advanced as managed switches.
- Often used in small to medium-sized networks.
IP Addresses
- Definition: A unique identifier assigned to each device on a network to facilitate communication.
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Types:
- IPv4 (32-bit): 192.0.2.1 (dotted decimal notation)
- IPv6 (128-bit): 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 (hexadecimal notation)
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IP Address Components:
- Network ID (NetID): Identifies the network portion of the IP address.
- Host ID (HostID): Identifies the device portion of the IP address.
- Subnet Mask: Determines the scope of the network and host IDs.
- Default Gateway: The IP address of the router that connects the network to other networks.
Computer Networking
- Computer networking is the process of connecting devices to share resources, exchange data, and communicate with each other.
- Key characteristics of computer networking include scalability, flexibility, and reliability.
Network Components
- Devices in a network include end devices (e.g., computers, smartphones, servers) and intermediary devices (e.g., routers, switches, modems).
- Media types in a network include wired media (e.g., copper cables, fiber optic cables) and wireless media (e.g., radio waves, infrared).
- Protocols are communication languages that govern data transmission and reception, examples include TCP/IP, HTTP, and FTP.
Types of Network Switches
- Unmanaged switches are simple, plug-and-play devices that forward data based on MAC addresses, with no configuration or management capabilities.
- Managed switches allow configuration and management of network traffic, VLANs, and Quality of Service (QoS), and support SNMP, console, and web-based management.
- Smart switches offer some management capabilities, but not as advanced as managed switches, and are often used in small to medium-sized networks.
IP Addresses
- An IP address is a unique identifier assigned to each device on a network to facilitate communication.
- There are two types of IP addresses: IPv4 (32-bit) and IPv6 (128-bit).
- IPv4 addresses are written in dotted decimal notation (e.g., 192.0.2.1).
- IPv6 addresses are written in hexadecimal notation (e.g., 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334).
- An IP address consists of a Network ID (NetID), Host ID (HostID), Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway.
- The Network ID (NetID) identifies the network portion of the IP address.
- The Host ID (HostID) identifies the device portion of the IP address.
- The Subnet Mask determines the scope of the network and host IDs.
- The Default Gateway is the IP address of the router that connects the network to other networks.
Networking
Switches
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Plus Switches (also known as managed switches) offer advanced features, including:
- Configurability and monitoring using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
- Support for Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) and spanning tree protocol
- Traffic prioritization using Quality of Service (QoS)
- Often used in large-scale networks and data centers
POE Switches
- Power over Ethernet (PoE) switches provide power to devices over Ethernet cables, eliminating the need for separate power supplies and cables
- Support devices such as IP phones, cameras, and wireless access points
- Can power devices up to 90W
- Available in various types, including PoE (15.4W), PoE+ (30W), PoE++ (60W), and UPoE (90W)
Network Topology
- Network topology refers to the physical and logical arrangement of devices in a network
- Common network topologies include:
- Bus Topology: A single cable connects all devices in a linear sequence
- Star Topology: Devices connected to a central device (hub or switch)
- Ring Topology: Devices connected in a circular configuration
- Mesh Topology: Each device connected to every other device
- Hybrid Topology: Combination of two or more topologies
- Topology affects network performance, scalability, and reliability
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Description
Learn about the basics of computer networking, including key characteristics and network components. Understand how devices connect and communicate with each other.
