Computer Memory and Output Devices

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of system software?

To perform data analysis and processing tasks

To enhance user experience through graphics and design

To provide basic non-task-specific functions for hardware management (correct)

To create and edit multimedia content

Which of the following types of printers is categorized as a non-impact printer?

Laser Printer

Both B and C (correct)

Dot Matrix Printer

Ink Jet Printer

Which statement accurately describes application software?

It operates independently of the system software.

It includes fundamental utilities like text editors and file managers.

It is focused on specific tasks that users need to accomplish. (correct)

It is designed to manage underlying hardware components.

What distinguishes a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) monitor from a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitor?

LCDs have a flatter profile and generally consume less power. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of system software?

Web browsers Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about ROM devices is accurate?

Data on ROM devices is permanent and cannot be changed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum storage capacity of a standard DVD?

8.4 gigabytes (GB) Signup and view all the answers

Which feature distinguishes Blu-ray discs from CDs and DVDs?

Blu-ray discs have a higher storage capacity. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common limitation of floppy disks compared to optical media?

Floppy disks have a much lower storage capacity. Signup and view all the answers

How do flash disks access data compared to traditional hard drives?

Flash disks emulate the structure of hard drives without mechanical components. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT classified as an output device?

Hard drive Signup and view all the answers

Which of these types of media cannot be written to by standard drives?

Read-only memory (ROM) Discs Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes secondary memory?

Secondary memory retains data after the power is turned off. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about application software?

It always requires system software to operate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of measurement in computer data storage?

Bit Signup and view all the answers

Which numbering system is primarily used by computers to process data?

Binary number system Signup and view all the answers

How does system software interact with users compared to application software?

System software works in the background and is less visible. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of application software in relation to system software?

To perform specific tasks for users with system requirements. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these applications is an example of graphics software?

Adobe Photoshop Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between binary and decimal number systems?

Binary consists of ones and zeros; decimal consists of zero through nine. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not an operating system mentioned?

Microsoft PowerPoint Signup and view all the answers

What is the equivalent of 1 Megabyte in bytes?

1024 bytes Signup and view all the answers

How many cycles does a CPU operating at 1 GHz perform in one second?

1 billion cycles Signup and view all the answers

In terms of CPU speed, what does 1 MHz represent?

1 million cycles per second Signup and view all the answers

What capacity range typically represents the size of a normal flash drive?

8-16 GB Signup and view all the answers

Which classification best describes a computer that supports hundreds of users simultaneously?

Mainframe Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a workstation compared to a personal computer?

More powerful microprocessor Signup and view all the answers

Which size is approximately enough to store a typical page of text from a book?

4 KB Signup and view all the answers

What does 650-900 MB represent in terms of storage media?

The capacity of a CD-ROM Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that differentiates netbooks from standard laptops?

Netbooks are designed to be more portable and usually have reduced functionality. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the main use of tablet computers?

Tablet computers are optimized for media consumption-related activities. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following mobile devices is most likely to have limited processing power compared to traditional laptops?

Netbooks Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of the computing experience on tablet computers compared to laptops?

Tablets have a completely touch-sensitive interface without physical input devices. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the portability of mobile devices compared to traditional laptops?

Mobile devices can fit in the palm of your hand, offering a higher level of portability. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary functionality that laptops provide in comparison to mobile devices?

Laptops allow for a more comprehensive range of software applications. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following devices is primarily designed for e-books and similar media consumption?

E-reader Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes supercomputers in terms of their processing capabilities?

They can perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

ROM and Secondary Memory

ROM devices are non-volatile, meaning stored data cannot be modified.
Secondary memory retains data and programs permanently, even when power is off.

Types of Secondary Memory

Hard Drive (HD):
- Consists of a set of electromagnetically charged surfaces.
- Offers quick access to large data volumes.
Optical Disk:
- Uses laser light for reading/writing data.
- Common types include CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs.
- CDs: Up to 700 MB storage, DVDs: Up to 8.4 GB, Blu-rays: Up to 50 GB.
- Superior storage compared to floppy disks (1.44 MB).
Flash Disk:
- Made of flash memory chips, no mechanical parts.
- Mimics hard drive access for data retrieval.

Output Devices

Hardware that presents processed data in human-readable form include:
- Monitors, LCD Projection Panels, Printers, Computer Output Microfilm (COM), Plotters, Speakers, Projectors.
Monitor Types:
- Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD), Light-emitting Diodes (LED).
Printer Types:
- Laser Printer, Ink Jet Printer, Dot Matrix Printer.

Software

Software is categorized into system and application software.
System Software:
- Manages hardware components, allowing other software to function seamlessly.
- Includes operating systems and utilities (e.g., file managers, disk formatters).
Application Software:
- Focused on completing specific tasks such as web browsing (Opera), word processing (Microsoft Word), spreadsheets (Microsoft Excel), and graphic design (Adobe Photoshop).
- Users interact primarily with application software.
System software operates independently, while application software depends on it to function.

Units of Measurement

Data Storage Units:
- Bit: basic unit (0 or 1).
- Kilobyte (KB): 1024 bytes.
- Megabyte (MB): 1024 KB.
- Gigabyte (GB): 1024 MB.
- Terabyte (TB): 1024 GB.
Storage Size Examples:
- 1 bit: yes/no answer.
- 1 byte: a number from 0 to 255.
- 4 KB: one page of text.
- 1 GB: 114 minutes of uncompressed audio.
CPU Speed Measurement:
- Measured in Hertz (Hz), indicating cycles per second.
- 1 MHz = 1 million cycles/s, 1 GHz = 1 billion cycles/s.

Computer Classification

Personal Computer:
- Small, single-user, based on a microprocessor with typical input/output devices.
Workstation:
- More powerful than personal computers, intended for intensive tasks.
Minicomputer:
- Multi-user system supporting multiple users concurrently.
Mainframe:
- Large, powerful computers supporting thousands of users.
Supercomputer:
- Extremely fast, executing millions of instructions per second.

Laptop and Mobile Devices

Laptop:
- Portable personal computer with functionality similar to desktops.
Netbook:
- Smaller, less powerful laptop optimized for internet usage.
Mobile Device:
- Handheld computers designed for portability like smartphones and tablets.
Tablet Computers:
- Touch-sensitive screens replace physical keyboards, focused on media consumption and web browsing.

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Description

Explore the essentials of ROM and secondary memory types, including hard drives, optical disks, and flash disks. Learn how output devices like monitors and printers present processed data in a human-readable format. This quiz will test your knowledge of these crucial computer components.