Computer Input Devices Overview

Input Devices

• Input devices allow users to enter data into a computer system. They translate human-readable information into a format a computer can process.
• Common input devices include:
  • Keyboard: Used for typing text, commands, and special characters. Different layouts exist (QWERTY, Dvorak, etc.).
  • Mouse: Used to point, select, and navigate graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Various types exist (mechanical, optical, laser).
  • Touchscreen: A display that responds to touch, allowing users to interact with the computer directly. Found on tablets, smartphones, and some laptops.
  • Microphone: Captures sound waves and converts them into digital signals, enabling voice input. Often used for dictation, recording audio, and video conferencing.
  • Scanner: Converts images, text, and other physical documents into digital images. Flatbed scanners and handheld scanners are common types.
  • Webcam: A video camera that allows for real-time video capture, useful for video conferencing, online meetings, and security purposes.
  • Digital Camera: Captures photographs and videos that can be transferred to and viewed on a computer.
  • Joystick: Used for controlling actions in games or simulations. Motion and precision are key features.
  • Graphics Tablets: Allow for precise drawing and input of graphics or other designs using a stylus. Used for graphic design and other applications.
  • Barcode Reader: Reads barcodes, used extensively in retail and inventory management for automated data entry.
  • Game Controllers: Often used for gaming, come in various forms. Controllers use input like buttons, joysticks, and motion controls.

Output Devices

• Output devices display or otherwise present information processed by the computer to the user.
• Common output devices include:
  • Monitor (Display): Displays visual information processed by the computer. Common types include LCD, LED, and OLED monitors.
  • Printer: Outputs text or images onto physical media like paper. Different types exist (inkjet, laser, 3D).
  • Projector: Displays computer-generated images or videos onto a larger screen. Useful for presentations and demonstrations.
  • Speakers/Headphones: Output audio information. Vary in quality and functionality.
  • Plotter: A specialized printer for creating large-format drawings or technical illustrations.
  • Braille Display: Displays information in Braille, enabling visually impaired users to interact with computers.
  • Haptic Devices: Output tactile feedback, often found in gaming or specialized applications for providing a sense of touch through vibrations or force.
  • 3D Printer: An output device creating three-dimensional objects from digital designs. Produces physical models and prototypes.

Input/Output Combined Devices

• Some devices perform both input and output functions. These are usually simpler than dedicated input or output devices. For example, a touchscreen or a smartphone.
• Key Examples:
  • Touchscreen Monitors: Can accept input by touch and provide output as a visual display.
  • Smartphones/Tablets: Can perform input functions (keypad, touch) and output functions (screen display, speakers). They usually are more complex devices than a basic combined input/output device.