CHAPTER 2 HARD
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Questions and Answers

Which component on the system board controls the communication for the entire computer system?

  • Central Processing Unit (CPU)
  • Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
  • Memory chips
  • System board or main board or motherboard (correct)

What is the main function of the Arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) in the CPU?

  • Performs arithmetic and logical operations (correct)
  • Holds programs and data that the CPU is presently processing
  • Tells the computer system how to carry out a program’s instruction
  • Provides a connection point for specialized cards or circuit boards

What is the purpose of flash memory in the system unit?

  • To connect external USB devices onto the USB bus
  • To divide a program between memory and storage enabling the system to run very large programs
  • To store information that can be updated and is non-volatile (correct)
  • To handle keyboard input and access memory

In the context of system unit expansion, what do expansion slots provide?

<p>A connection point for specialized cards or circuit boards (C), A connection point for specialized cards or circuit boards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of ports in the system unit?

<p>To connect external devices to the system unit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the client/server computing model, where is the user point of entry?

<p>Client (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology standard did business firms seriously start using to tie their disparate networks together after 1995?

<p>TCP/IP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model of computing provides access to a shared pool of computing resources over a network, often the Internet?

<p>Cloud Computing Model (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the power of personal computers according to the text?

<p>Speed, Capacity, and Flexibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of system units are mentioned in the text?

<p>Desktops and Laptops (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of readers interpret encoded information stored on debit, credit, and identification cards?

<p>Magnetic card readers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device uses handwriting recognition software and is commonly used on tablets?

<p>Stylus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mouse emits and senses light to detect mouse movement, and can be used on any surface?

<p>Optical mouse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which output device is known for presenting visual images of text and graphics, and is often referred to as soft copy?

<p>Flat-panel monitor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of image capturing device captures images digitally and stores them in memory?

<p>Digital camera (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer era begin?

<p>1959 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What marked the beginning of widespread commercial use of mainframe computers?

<p>Introduction of IBM 1401 and 7090 transistorized machines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What made mainframe computers powerful enough to support thousands of online remote terminals?

<p>Introduction of the IBM 360 series (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What launched a spate of personal desktop productivity software tools in the 1980s and early 1990s?

<p>Proliferation of PCs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event had a significant impact on both home and corporate users?

<p>Proliferation of PCs in the 1980s (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the read-write head of a hard disk?

<p>It alters the magnetic charges of the disk’s surface to represent 1s and 0s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of secondary storage?

<p>Permanent storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which performance enhancement involves grouping multiple disk drives to work together as a single unit?

<p>RAID (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of saving information to storage called?

<p>Writing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of printers uses a laser light beam to produce images?

<p>Laser printers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the capacity range of USB drives or flash drives?

<p>1 GB to 256 GB (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are 3D-ICs different from traditional printed circuit boards?

<p>They involve a transition from printed circuit boards to three-dimensional integrated circuits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using cloud storage services?

<p>File sharing and collaboration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of optical disc holds over 128 gigabytes (GB) of data?

<p>Portable optical discs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of nanotechnology?

<p>It involves building materials at the atomic scale (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of system software?

<p>To run computer hardware and manage resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of software is typically bundled with a computer's operating system?

<p>System software (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of programming software?

<p>To develop programs and applications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of application software?

<p>Enhancing the functionality of the computer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of software is designed to cause harm to computer systems or networks?

<p>Malicious software (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one example of programming software?

<p>Compiler (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of software is designed to be publicly accessible so that anyone can see, modify, and distribute the code as they see fit?

<p>Open source (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of software is provided for free on a trial basis with the understanding that the user may need or want to pay for it later if satisfied with the product usage?

<p>Shareware (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of system software?

<p>To manage resources available in the system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In programming software, which category includes languages like C#, Java, and Python that are user-oriented and designed to convert algorithms into program code?

<p>High-level programming software (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'closed source' in software refer to?

<p>Software whose source code is not freely accessible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of programming software quickly translates the entire source program in a high-level language into an equivalent program in machine language?

<p>Compiler (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Disk Cleanup utility program do in Windows Operating Systems?

<p>Identifies and eliminates nonessential files (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Presentation Software in the context of application software?

<p>Construct sequences of words and pictures for presentations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Educational Software?

<p>Used solely for educational reasons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Multimedia Software contribute to content creation?

<p>Produces interactive content using text, audio, images, and video (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Utility Suites in System Software typically do?

<p>Combine several programs into one package (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of System Software, what can Web Browsers do?

<p>Retrieve data from the internet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the function of system software?

<p>Managing computer resources and providing security (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of embedded operating systems such as those used in smartphones and smartwatches?

<p>They are less complicated and more specialized for wireless (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Linux, which makes it an attractive alternative to Windows for some users?

<p>It is non-proprietary and free from the web (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of virtualization in system software?

<p>To support multiple operating systems on a single physical machine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of specialized program is designed to recognize and correct problems on a computer?

<p>Troubleshooting or diagnostic programs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Mac OS X El Capitan from OS X Yosemite, according to the text?

<p>Improved power management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of an assembler in system software?

<p>It converts assembly language program into machine code (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a debugger in system software?

<p>To test and debug other programs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of an interpreter in programming software?

<p>To execute code immediately before moving on to the following line (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an integrated development environment (IDE) in software development?

<p>To help programmers develop software code efficiently (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the 'average' function in the provided programming examples?

<p>To return the average of the given array (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which programming example are lexical variable scope, recursion, and static type system mentioned?

<p>// Input array int num[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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