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CHAPTER 2 HARD
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CHAPTER 2 HARD

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Questions and Answers

Which component on the system board controls the communication for the entire computer system?

  • Central Processing Unit (CPU)
  • Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
  • Memory chips
  • System board or main board or motherboard (correct)
  • What is the main function of the Arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) in the CPU?

  • Performs arithmetic and logical operations (correct)
  • Holds programs and data that the CPU is presently processing
  • Tells the computer system how to carry out a program’s instruction
  • Provides a connection point for specialized cards or circuit boards
  • What is the purpose of flash memory in the system unit?

  • To connect external USB devices onto the USB bus
  • To divide a program between memory and storage enabling the system to run very large programs
  • To store information that can be updated and is non-volatile (correct)
  • To handle keyboard input and access memory
  • In the context of system unit expansion, what do expansion slots provide?

    <p>A connection point for specialized cards or circuit boards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of ports in the system unit?

    <p>To connect external devices to the system unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the client/server computing model, where is the user point of entry?

    <p>Client</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology standard did business firms seriously start using to tie their disparate networks together after 1995?

    <p>TCP/IP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model of computing provides access to a shared pool of computing resources over a network, often the Internet?

    <p>Cloud Computing Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the power of personal computers according to the text?

    <p>Speed, Capacity, and Flexibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of system units are mentioned in the text?

    <p>Desktops and Laptops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of readers interpret encoded information stored on debit, credit, and identification cards?

    <p>Magnetic card readers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device uses handwriting recognition software and is commonly used on tablets?

    <p>Stylus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mouse emits and senses light to detect mouse movement, and can be used on any surface?

    <p>Optical mouse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which output device is known for presenting visual images of text and graphics, and is often referred to as soft copy?

    <p>Flat-panel monitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of image capturing device captures images digitally and stores them in memory?

    <p>Digital camera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer era begin?

    <p>1959</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marked the beginning of widespread commercial use of mainframe computers?

    <p>Introduction of IBM 1401 and 7090 transistorized machines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What made mainframe computers powerful enough to support thousands of online remote terminals?

    <p>Introduction of the IBM 360 series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What launched a spate of personal desktop productivity software tools in the 1980s and early 1990s?

    <p>Proliferation of PCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event had a significant impact on both home and corporate users?

    <p>Proliferation of PCs in the 1980s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the read-write head of a hard disk?

    <p>It alters the magnetic charges of the disk’s surface to represent 1s and 0s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of secondary storage?

    <p>Permanent storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which performance enhancement involves grouping multiple disk drives to work together as a single unit?

    <p>RAID</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of saving information to storage called?

    <p>Writing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of printers uses a laser light beam to produce images?

    <p>Laser printers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the capacity range of USB drives or flash drives?

    <p>1 GB to 256 GB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are 3D-ICs different from traditional printed circuit boards?

    <p>They involve a transition from printed circuit boards to three-dimensional integrated circuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using cloud storage services?

    <p>File sharing and collaboration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of optical disc holds over 128 gigabytes (GB) of data?

    <p>Portable optical discs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of nanotechnology?

    <p>It involves building materials at the atomic scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of system software?

    <p>To run computer hardware and manage resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of software is typically bundled with a computer's operating system?

    <p>System software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of programming software?

    <p>To develop programs and applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of application software?

    <p>Enhancing the functionality of the computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of software is designed to cause harm to computer systems or networks?

    <p>Malicious software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one example of programming software?

    <p>Compiler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of software is designed to be publicly accessible so that anyone can see, modify, and distribute the code as they see fit?

    <p>Open source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of software is provided for free on a trial basis with the understanding that the user may need or want to pay for it later if satisfied with the product usage?

    <p>Shareware</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of system software?

    <p>To manage resources available in the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In programming software, which category includes languages like C#, Java, and Python that are user-oriented and designed to convert algorithms into program code?

    <p>High-level programming software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'closed source' in software refer to?

    <p>Software whose source code is not freely accessible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of programming software quickly translates the entire source program in a high-level language into an equivalent program in machine language?

    <p>Compiler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Disk Cleanup utility program do in Windows Operating Systems?

    <p>Identifies and eliminates nonessential files</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Presentation Software in the context of application software?

    <p>Construct sequences of words and pictures for presentations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Educational Software?

    <p>Used solely for educational reasons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Multimedia Software contribute to content creation?

    <p>Produces interactive content using text, audio, images, and video</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Utility Suites in System Software typically do?

    <p>Combine several programs into one package</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of System Software, what can Web Browsers do?

    <p>Retrieve data from the internet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the function of system software?

    <p>Managing computer resources and providing security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing feature of embedded operating systems such as those used in smartphones and smartwatches?

    <p>They are less complicated and more specialized for wireless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of Linux, which makes it an attractive alternative to Windows for some users?

    <p>It is non-proprietary and free from the web</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of virtualization in system software?

    <p>To support multiple operating systems on a single physical machine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of specialized program is designed to recognize and correct problems on a computer?

    <p>Troubleshooting or diagnostic programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Mac OS X El Capitan from OS X Yosemite, according to the text?

    <p>Improved power management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the function of an assembler in system software?

    <p>It converts assembly language program into machine code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a debugger in system software?

    <p>To test and debug other programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of an interpreter in programming software?

    <p>To execute code immediately before moving on to the following line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an integrated development environment (IDE) in software development?

    <p>To help programmers develop software code efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the 'average' function in the provided programming examples?

    <p>To return the average of the given array</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which programming example are lexical variable scope, recursion, and static type system mentioned?

    <p>// Input array int num[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };</p> Signup and view all the answers

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