Computer Hardware and Memory Basics

<p>Higher cost (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mechanical parts for data storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improved system performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complex sequential tasks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Input unit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential hardware damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Volatile Memory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>GPU, especially during intensive tasks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CUDA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To store and access data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CPUs are easier to program for complex tasks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Access Speed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>GPUs typically cost more because of their design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The amount of data it can store (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A larger number of cores designed for parallel tasks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-Volatile Memory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides fast access to necessary data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Access Speed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arithmetic and logical operations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To execute instructions and ensure proper system operation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In Hertz (Hz) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Direct Memory Access (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Video output quality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher clock speed generally allows for more instructions executed per second (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To efficiently manage computing resources among tasks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prioritize arithmetic operations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Converting 3D coordinates into 2D coordinates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pixel Mapping (Rasterization) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assigns a single color to each polygon for a faceted look (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enable parallel computing for various tasks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phong Shading (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boosts operational frequency for better performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>C++ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>GPUs handle massively parallel tasks more efficiently. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Generating visual effects such as color and texture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rendering realistic images in video games. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>GPUs contain thousands of cores optimized for parallel processing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NVIDIA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conducting complex simulations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>72 clock cycles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Massively parallel tasks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 clock cycles for 1 pixel. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary component of a computer responsible for executing instructions, performing calculations, logic operations, and managing data.

A crucial component of the CPU that performs all arithmetic and logical operations.

The ALU receives data from the CPU's registers or memory, performs operations based on instructions from the control unit, and then sends the results back to the CPU.

A method used by the CPU to transfer data without using its own processing power, reducing computational overhead and improving performance.

The rate at which a CPU executes instructions, measured in Hertz (Hz).

The number of clock cycles per second a CPU can execute instructions.

Higher clock speed generally means faster performance because the CPU can process more instructions in a given time.

While clock speed is important, other factors like the number of cores, architecture, and cache size also influence CPU performance.

A specialized electronic component in a computer system that handles graphics and image processing tasks.

A common application of GPUs is the rendering of 3D graphics in video games, to create realistic visuals, lighting effects, and detailed textures.

GPUs can also accelerate complex simulations and calculations used in fields like climate modeling, physics research, and scientific analysis.

GPUs help speed up the training of artificial intelligence models, which involves analyzing vast amounts of data to improve accuracy and efficiency.

A specialized type of processing that involves dividing a large task into thousands of smaller tasks and executing them simultaneously. This is where GPUs excel, due to their large number of cores.

Central Processing Unit (CPU) is designed for general-purpose tasks and executes instructions sequentially, while GPU is designed for specialized, highly parallel tasks.

GPUs achieve their power by having thousands of smaller, less powerful cores. This allows them to process many small tasks concurrently, leading to much faster speeds for specialized workloads.

The amount of time required for a GPU to process an image is significantly faster than a CPU due to its parallel processing capabilities. Each core in the GPU works on a part of the image independently and simultaneously.

The first step in the graphics rendering pipeline. It transforms 3D object vertices into 2D screen coordinates.

Turning 3D models into 2D images by deciding which screen pixels represent the model's shapes.

Small programs controlling visual effects on objects, like color, texture, lighting, and shadows.

A shading technique that assigns a single color to each polygon, creating a faceted, angular look.

A shading technique that creates smooth lighting and surfaces by blending vertex normals for a more realistic appearance.

A parallel computing platform and programming model used to perform complex calculations more quickly on GPUs.

Increasing the operating frequency of a GPU to boost its performance.

Thousands of cores working together to accelerate tasks like artificial intelligence, image processing, and scientific simulations.

A technique that increases the speed of a computer's processor by pushing it beyond its default specifications, often leading to higher performance.

Overclocking can cause hardware damage if not managed properly due to excessive heat and power draw.

CPUs are optimized for complex, sequential tasks, typically utilizing 4 to 16 cores with high frequencies (3-5 GHz).

GPUs excel at parallel computing tasks, featuring thousands of cores (e.g., 16,000+ cores for NVIDIA RTX 4090) that operate at lower frequencies (1-2 GHz).

CPUs are easier to program with common languages like Python and C++, making development for sequential tasks faster.

GPUs require specialized frameworks like CUDA and OpenCL, demanding expertise for parallel programming, which can extend development time.

CPUs are usually less expensive compared to GPUs.

GPUs, with their specialized architecture, are typically more expensive than CPUs.

The fundamental elements that form a computer system, consisting of input, processing, output, and storage units.

The unit that allows users to provide data and instructions to the computer. Examples include keyboards, mice, scanners, touchscreens.

The brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions, performing calculations, and managing data. It consists of the CPU and other supporting components.

The unit that displays or presents the results of computer operations to the user. Examples include monitors, printers, speakers.

The unit that stores data and instructions for long-term use, even when the computer is turned off. It includes hard drives, SSDs, and other storage devices.

A type of memory that loses its contents when the power is turned off. It's used for temporary data storage and is essential for fast access during operations.

A type of memory that retains data even when the computer is off. It's used for long-term storage of files and programs.

Memory acts as the communication bridge between the CPU and the storage unit. It provides fast access to data for processing and stores results temporarily or permanently.

A type of storage that uses spinning platters and read/write heads to store data. Offers large storage capacity at a low cost, but is slower and more prone to damage from physical shocks due to its mechanical components.

A type of storage that uses chips to store data, eliminating mechanical parts. This results in much faster data access speeds, quieter operation, and greater resistance to physical shocks compared to HDDs, but comes at a higher cost.

A type of non-volatile memory that retains stored data even when the power is off. It's read-only, meaning data cannot be easily modified or erased after storage, ensuring data security and stability. It's commonly used to store firmware, BIOS, and boot programs.

A type of memory that loses data when power is turned off. It's used for temporary storage and data processing. It's much faster than HDDs and SSDs, but its data is lost upon power loss.