Computer Hardware and Maintenance

Input Devices

• Input devices allow users to enter data into a computer system.
• Examples include keyboards, mice, touchscreens, and scanners.

Output Devices

• Output devices display or present data processed by a computer system.
• Examples include monitors, printers, and speakers.

Processing

• Processing involves the manipulation of data according to instructions.
• Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the primary component responsible for processing.

Monitor Maintenance

• Avoid physical damage to the screen.
• Keep the monitor clean and free from dust and debris.
• Don't place objects on the monitor that could cause damage.
• Keep the environment cool and avoid extreme temperatures.

Mouse Maintenance

• Keep the mouse clean and free from dust.
• Replace the mouse if the scroll wheel is malfunctioning.
• Ensure the mouse is properly connected to the computer.

Software Maintenance

• Keep software updated to fix bugs and enhance functionality.
• Regularly back up data.
• Use antivirus software.
• Avoid installing suspicious software.

Primary Storage (RAM)

• Primary storage is volatile memory.
• It stores data that is currently being used.
• It looses data when the power is off.

Secondary Storage

• Secondary storage is non-volatile memory.
• It stores data for long-term use.
• Examples include hard drives, SSDs, and flash drives.

GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)

• The GPU is a specialized electronic circuit designed to rapidly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in a frame buffer intended for output to a display.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

• The CPU is the primary component of the computer responsible for processing instructions.
• It controls all functions of the computer.

Roles of Storage Devices

• Storage devices store and retrieve data.
• They enable long-term data retention.
• They often provide a way to share data on a network.

NAS (Network Attached Storage)

• NAS is a specialized storage device that is networked to a computer system for storage and retrieval of data.
• Often used to store and share files.

Volatile vs. Non-Volatile

• Volatile storage loses data when the power is turned off. RAM is volatile.
• Non-volatile storage retains data even when the power is off. Hard drives and SSDs are non-volatile.

Components of a Computer System

• Input Devices
• Output Devices
• Processing Unit
• Storage Devices

Elements of a Computer System

• Hardware: Physical components
• Software: Instructions for the hardware
• Data: Processed information
• People: Users and operators

Evolution of Computers

• Computers have become smaller, faster, and more powerful over time.
• Early computers were large and expensive, but technology has enabled smaller, more affordable options.

Input

• Information entered into the computer

Output

• Data processed and presented to the user

Storage

• Data is stored for later use

Process

• Manipulation of data according to instructions.

Basic Parts of a Computer System

• Input, processing, output, storage

Types of Storage

• Primary Storage (RAM)
• Secondary Storage (Hard drives, SSDs, etc)