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Questions and Answers
What are the primary components of the grading policy?
Mid = 30 marks, Final = 40 marks, Sessional = 30 marks
What is data?
Which of the following is NOT a type of hardware?
An output device presents results to the user.
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The __________ are used to input data into the computer.
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What is the purpose of application software?
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Which of the following is an example of an embedded computer?
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Define what a computer is.
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What are the basic operations of a computer?
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Match the following computer users with their roles:
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Study Notes
Grading Policy
- Midterm exam is worth 30 marks
- Final exam is worth 40 marks
- Sessional work is worth 30 marks
- Includes quizzes, lab tasks, presentations, and class participation
Data vs. Information
- Data is unorganized facts
- Can be text, images, audio, or video
- Information is processed data in a meaningful format
- Information processing converts data into information.
Hardware
- Hardware is the physical components of a computer.
- Internal hardware is located inside the system unit.
- External hardware is located outside the system unit and connects via wired or wireless connections.
- All five computer operations utilize hardware devices.
Input Devices
- Input devices are used to enter data into the computer.
- Examples: keyboards, mice, scanners, cameras, microphones, touch pads, touch screens, fingerprint readers
Processing Devices
- Processing devices perform calculations and control the computer's operation.
- The central processing unit (CPU) and memory are examples of processing devices.
- Output devices present results to the user.
- Examples: Monitors, printers, speakers, projectors
Storage Devices
- Storage devices are used to store data on or access data from storage media.
- Examples: hard drives, CD/DVD discs and drives, USB flash drives
Communications Devices
- Communications devices allow users to communicate with others and access remote information electronically.
- Examples: Modems, network adapters (NIC), routers
Software
- Software is the set of programs or instructions used to tell hardware what to do.
- System software starts up the computer and controls its operation.
- Without the operating system, the computer cannot function.
- Most operating systems use a graphical user interface (GUI) to interact with the user via icons, buttons, tiles, etc.
- Examples of operating systems: Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Android
Application Software
- Application software performs specific tasks or applications.
- Examples:
- Word processing programs
- Multimedia programs
- Web browsers
- E-mail programs
Computer
- A programmable, electronic device that accepts data, performs operations on that data, and stores data.
- Computers follow instructions called programs.
- There are five basic operations a computer performs:
- Input: entering data into the computer
- Processing: performing operations on the data
- Output: presenting the results
- Storage: saving data, programs, or output for future use
- Communications: Sending or receiving data
Computer Users and Professionals
- Computer Users (end users) use a computer to obtain information.
-
Computer Professionals include
- Programmers: write programs that computers use
- Systems analysts: design computer systems
- Computer operations personnel: manage day-to-day computer operations
- Security specialists: secure computers and networks against hackers
Computers To Fit Every Need
- The six basic categories of computers are:
- Embedded computers
- Mobile devices
- Personal computers
- Servers
- Mainframe computers
- Supercomputers
Embedded Computers
- Embedded computers are integrated into a product and designed to perform specific tasks or functions for that product.
- They cannot be used as general-purpose computers.
- Examples of devices with embedded computers:
- Household appliances
- Thermostats
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Description
Test your knowledge on basic computer concepts including data and information, hardware components, and input-output devices. This quiz covers key definitions and examples from the realm of computer science.
