Computer Data Units and Networking Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What is the size of a Gigabyte in relation to Megabytes?

1024 Megabytes (correct)

2048 Megabytes

768 Megabytes

512 Megabytes

Which of the following defines bandwidth?

Latency in data transmission

Maximum data capacity of a link (correct)

The size of data files

Time until data is received

What function does a Mail Server perform?

Processes application requests

Stores files for network access

Routes incoming and outgoing emails (correct)

Hosts web pages for browsers

Which server type is responsible for storing and managing files for network access?

File Server Signup and view all the answers

What does data latency refer to?

Time taken for data to travel Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of server as defined in the content?

Content Server Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of a Terabyte in Kilobytes?

1,048,576 Kilobytes Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about a peer-to-peer network is TRUE?

One computer can run both client and server software. Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of a peer-to-peer network?

Limited scalability Signup and view all the answers

Which device typically provides services like web hosting and email on a network?

Server Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an advantage of a peer-to-peer network?

Centralized control Signup and view all the answers

Which cable type is typically used to connect network devices directly for file transfer?

Copper Cross-Over Cable Signup and view all the answers

What type of internet service requires a clear line of sight to the satellite?

Satellite service Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a device that sends a file only to a specific destination in a network?

Switch Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common service provided by an ISP?

Web hosting Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of devices in a peer-to-peer network?

Each device may act as both a client and server Signup and view all the answers

Which layer is responsible for node-to-node data transfer and error detection?

Data Link Layer Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Transport Layer?

Providing reliable data transfer between systems Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an example of the Application Layer?

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer deals with logical addressing and packet forwarding?

Network Layer Signup and view all the answers

What does the Presentation Layer handle?

Data formatting and encryption Signup and view all the answers

What does the Network Interface Layer primarily manage?

Physical transmission of data between devices Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options does NOT belong to the Transport Layer?

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) Signup and view all the answers

Which function is NOT associated with the Session Layer?

Error correction between systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Source MAC Address in a frame?

To identify the hardware address of the sender Signup and view all the answers

What does the EtherType field in a frame represent?

The type of protocol encapsulated in the payload Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum size of the payload in an Ethernet frame?

46 bytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Frame Check Sequence (FCS) in a network frame?

To verify the integrity of the frame Signup and view all the answers

What does the subnet mask do in relation to an IP address?

It defines the division between network and host portions Signup and view all the answers

In which IP class does an address of 130.0.0.1 fall?

Class B Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum size for the payload in an Ethernet frame?

1500 bytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the logical function of a port in networking?

To identify an application on a device sending or receiving data Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Internet Layer?

Manages addressing, routing, and forwarding data Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is responsible for connection-oriented data transmission?

TCP Signup and view all the answers

What function does the Transport Layer perform?

Manages error checking and data flow control Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the Ethernet frame's Preamble?

It is 7 bytes long Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following protocols does the Application Layer include?

DNS Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Start Frame Delimiter (SFD) in an Ethernet frame?

Indicates the start of the actual frame data Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following addresses identifies a device on a local network?

MAC address Signup and view all the answers

What type of data transfer does UDP provide?

Unreliable and connectionless Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bit, Nibble, Byte, and Larger Units

Bit: Smallest unit of data, representing a 0 or 1.
Nibble: 4 bits, often used as a half-byte.
Byte: 8 bits, fundamental unit of storage for most computers.

Data Storage Sizes

Kilobyte (KB): 1,024 bytes.
Megabyte (MB): 1,024 kilobytes.
Gigabyte (GB): 1,024 megabytes.
Terabyte (TB): 1,024 gigabytes.
Petabyte (PB): 1,024 terabytes.
Exabyte (EB): 1,024 petabytes.
Zettabyte (ZB): 1,024 exabytes.
Yottabyte (YB): 1,024 zettabytes.

Network Concepts

Bandwidth: The maximum capacity of a network connection to transmit data.
Data Latency: The time it takes for data to travel between two points.
Throughput: The actual rate of data transfer over a network connection.
Ping: A method for measuring the communication delay between two networks.

Network Components

Hosts: Devices directly participating in network communication.
Clients: Devices that request information or data from servers.
Servers: Devices that provide information or services to clients.

Types of Servers

Application Server: Handles the business logic of an application.
Web Server: Serves requested web pages or files.
Proxy Server: Acts as an intermediary between a client and the server.
Mail Server: Receives and forwards emails.
File Server: Central storage and management of data files for network access.
Policy Server: Provides authorization and control of files in a network.

Peer-to-Peer Networks

Devices act as both clients and servers, sharing resources directly.

Advantages of Peer-to-Peer Networks

Easy to set up.
Less complex.
Lower cost.
Suitable for simple tasks.

Disadvantages of Peer-to-Peer Networks

No centralized administration.
Less secure.
Difficult to scale.
Requires all devices to act as both clients and servers.

End Devices in a Network

Personal Computers: Desktop or laptop computers used by users.
Laptops: Portable computers with wireless network capabilities.
Servers: Provide services such as web hosting, email, and file storage.
Printers: Network printers that can be accessed remotely.
Tablets and Smartphones: Mobile devices with wireless networking capabilities.
VoIP Phones: Used for voice over IP (VoIP) communications.
Smart Devices (IoT): Devices connected to the internet such as smart appliances and security cameras.

Network Devices

Switch: Forward data to specific destinations based on MAC addresses.
Hub: Broadcast data to all connected devices.

Network Cables

Ethernet Cable: A common cable for wired networks.
Fiber Cable: High-speed cable with high bandwidth capabilities.
Coaxial Cable: Used in cable television networks and some older internet connections.
USB Cable: Connects devices and can transfer data.

Connectivity

ISP (Internet Service Provider): Provides the link between a home network and the internet.
ISP Services: Web hosting, FTP hosting, application and media hosting, technical support, Voice over IP, POP internet access, and equipment co-location.

Internet Access Technologies

Cable: Internet data is delivered over cable TV coaxial cables.
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line): High-bandwidth, always-on internet connection using telephone lines.
Satellite Service: Provides internet access to remote areas but requires clear line of sight to the satellite.

Network Layers (TCP/IP Model)

Network Interface Layer (Link Layer): Manages physical transmission of data (Ethernet, Wi-Fi)
Internet Layer: Handles logical addressing (IP addresses) and routing between networks (IP, ICMP, IGMP).
Transport Layer: Manages reliable data transfer (TCP, UDP).
Application Layer: Provides network services to applications (HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS).

Access Layer Concepts

MAC Address: Unique hardware address that identifies a device on a network.
Ethernet Frame: Data packet structure used in Ethernet networks.
Encapsulation: Process of wrapping data in information from a higher-layer protocol (IP address, MAC address).
Port: A logical address assigned to each application using the internet.

IP Addressing Components

Subnet Mask: Identifies the network and host portions of an IP address.
IP Class: Categorizes IP addresses depending on the network size.
Class A: Supports large networks with over 16 million host addresses.
Class B: Supports moderate to large networks with up to 65,000 host addresses.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the fundamental units of computer data, including bits, bytes, and larger storage sizes. It also covers essential networking concepts such as bandwidth, latency, and the various components involved in network communication. Test your knowledge on these critical topics in computer science!