Computer Basics Chapter 2
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Questions and Answers

What advantage does the mouse provide as a pointing device?

  • Requires minimal physical space
  • Can be used without visual feedback
  • Allows for fast and accurate movements (correct)
  • Does not require hand-eye coordination

    • What is a disadvantage of using a mouse on a desktop?

  • Obscures part of the screen
  • Causes arm fatigue
  • Can only be used by right-handers
  • Requires a specific type of surface (correct)

    • Which method detects motion in a mechanical mouse?

  • Ball mechanism (correct)
  • Light emitting diode
  • Optical sensor
  • Accelerometer

    • What is a common issue with novice users of a mouse?

    <p>They struggle with hand-eye coordination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a feature of optical mice?

    <p>Utilizes a light-emitting diode (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the mouse influence the user’s interaction with the screen?

    <p>Allows direct manipulation of screen elements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific aspect improves the effectiveness of the mouse as a pointing device?

    <p>Speed of cursor movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key benefits of using a mouse compared to other input devices?

    <p>Greater precision and speed for most applications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which advantage is associated with touch-sensitive screens?

    <p>Requires no specialized pointer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant disadvantage of using a stylus?

    <p>Can obscure the screen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of device is a trackball considered to be?

    <p>Indirect pointing device (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary use of joystick controls?

    <p>Gaming and 3D navigation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which issue is typically faced when using cursor keys?

    <p>Limited speed for basic tasks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology allows eyegaze control interfaces to operate?

    <p>Laser beam reflected off the retina (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common application of foot controls mentioned?

    <p>Modulating sewing machine speed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about touchpads is true?

    <p>Require less physical movement than traditional mice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main function do input devices like the mouse serve in a computer system?

    <p>To allow user interaction and control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT typically considered an input device?

    <p>Monitor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do keyboards typically send character codes to the computer?

    <p>By closing connections when keys are pressed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential disadvantage of the QWERTY keyboard layout?

    <p>It was designed to prevent typewriter jams (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do alternative keyboard layouts aim to improve compared to QWERTY?

    <p>They are designed to reduce strain and fatigue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the evolution to interactive computing from the past?

    <p>Interactive computing allows for rapid feedback and user control. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a characteristic of text entry devices?

    <p>They include devices like keyboards and speech recognition. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might users resist switching from the QWERTY layout to alternative keyboard layouts?

    <p>Previous learning and familiarity create resistance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Chord keyboards

    Keyboards with fewer keys (4-5), requiring multiple keypresses for letters. Designed for portability.

    T9 entry

    A predictive text input method using numeric keypads. Each number corresponds to several letters.

    Handwriting recognition

    An input method using a pen and tablet to write directly on a screen. The system interprets the handwriting.

    Speech recognition

    A method that converts spoken words into text.

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    Mouse

    A pointing device that moves a cursor on a screen.

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    Mechanical mouse

    A mouse utilizing a ball to detect movement.

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    Optical mouse

    A mouse using light to detect movement.

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    Positioning/Pointing Devices

    Devices used to control the cursor on a computer screen.

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    Touchpad

    A small touch-sensitive tablet mainly used in laptops. It has adjustable sensitivity for precise control.

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    Acceleration settings (touchpad)

    Adjusting how much the cursor moves based on the speed of your finger movement. Fast movements result in larger jumps, while slow movements provide fine control.

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    Trackball

    An upside-down mouse with a ball that you roll with your fingers. Known for speed and difficult drawing.

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    Why is a trackball unsuitable for drawing?

    The ball's movement doesn't translate directly to screen movement. It's good for general navigation but imprecise for fine details.

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    Joystick

    An indirect pointing device where pushing the stick controls the cursor's speed and direction. It is commonly used in games.

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    Touch-sensitive screen

    A display that detects the presence of a finger or stylus, allowing for direct manipulation.

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    Light Pen

    A device that uses light from the screen to determine its position and make a selection. (Now rarely used.)

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    Eyegaze

    A technology that allows you to control the computer by using your eye gaze direction.

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    What is a computer system made up of?

    A computer system is comprised of various components that work together, including input and output devices, memory, processing power, and network capabilities.

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    Input Devices

    Tools used to provide data and instructions to a computer, such as keyboards, mice, touchscreens, and microphones.

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    Output Devices

    Tools used to display or present information processed by the computer, such as screens, printers, speakers, and haptic feedback devices.

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    How does interaction style change with devices?

    Using different input and output devices results in varying interaction styles. A keyboard-based interface differs from a touch-based interface, affecting how users interact with the system.

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    Batch Processing

    A computing method where data is processed in large batches, usually with a significant delay between input and output, providing limited interactivity.

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    Interactive Computing

    A computing method that involves real-time communication with the user, allowing immediate feedback and control, making computing more dynamic and responsive.

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    QWERTY Keyboard

    The most widely used keyboard layout with keys arranged in a specific non-alphabetical order, despite not being optimal for typing speed, due to historical reasons.

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    Alternative Keyboard Layouts

    Keyboard layouts that differ from QWERTY, often designed to improve typing speed or reduce strain, but face resistance due to the widespread adoption of QWERTY.

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    Study Notes

    Chapter 2: The Computer

    • Human-computer interaction requires understanding computers.
    • What goes in and out of the computer (devices, paper, sensors, etc.)
    • What computers can do (memory, processing, networks).
    • Computer systems consist of various interacting elements.

    Typical Computer System

    • Input devices (text entry, pointing).
    • Output devices (screens, digital paper, virtual reality, special interaction).
    • Physical interaction (e.g., sound, haptic, bio-sensing).
    • Printed and inputted paper.
    • Memory (RAM and permanent media, capacity, access).
    • Processing (speed, networks).
    • Interfaces depend on the devices used.

    Interactivity

    • Batch processing (punch cards, large data files, line printers) was common in the past, often with long waits.
    • Modern computing emphasizes interactivity (rapid feedback, user control).
    • Interactivity is faster for users.

    Richer Interaction

    • Sensors and devices are increasingly integrated into everyday life.

    Text Entry Devices

    • Keyboards (QWERTY and others), chord keyboards, touchpads, phone pads, handwriting recognition, and speech recognition.

    Keyboards

    • QWERTY keyboard layout is common for experienced typists but not optimal for speed in historical context.
    • Keypresses cause character codes to be sent to the computer (usually connecting by cable, also wireless).
    • QWERTY layout is standardized, but there are some minor differences between UK and US keyboards.

    Alternative Keyboard Layouts

    • Alphabetical keyboards (arranged alphabetically) have been developed.
    • Some keyboard layouts are designed to reduce RSI (Repetitive Strain Injury) and fatigue for one-handed use, e.g. the Maltron.

    Chord Keyboards

    • Chord keyboards use a smaller set of keys, and typing letters as key combinations.
    • Chord keyboards are often used in portable applications, and have a short learning time
    • They are fast and reflect letter shape.
    • There's social resistance and potential for fatigue after extended use.

    Phone Pad and T9 Entry

    • Use numeric keys with multiple presses. (e.g., 2-abc, 6-mno).
    • T9 predictive entry simplifies typing by predicting the most probable word based on the keys pressed.
    • T9 entry helps typing by predicting probable words from the letter combinations, showing a surprisingly high speed.

    Handwriting Recognition

    • Handwriting recognition lets users input text via pens or tablets, providing natural interaction.
    • Handwriting recognition involves capturing and interpreting handwriting, which has technical challenges.
    • Handwriting recognition is used in PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants) and tablet computers.

    Speech Recognition

    • Speech recognition technology is improving rapidly.
    • Speech recognition works best with a single user, for limited vocabulary applications, and with initial training.
    • Speech recognition has challenges with external noise, pronunciation variability, large vocabularies, and different speakers.

    Positioning, Pointing, and Drawing

    • Devices for inputting information include mice, touchpads, trackballs, joysticks, touchscreen devices, tablets, eye-gaze, and cursors.

    The Mouse (continued)

    • Mechanical mice use a ball for tracking, while optical mice employ LEDs.
    • Indirect pointing devices such as the mouse are common but necessitate physical space

    Foot Controls

    • Foot controls, such as foot mice and pedals (for cars, sewing machines, organs, and pianos), exist but are less frequent than other alternatives.

    Touchpad and Trackball

    • Touchpads are small, touch-sensitive tablets commonly used in laptops, and provide 'acceleration' settings.
    • Trackballs are inverted mice and are fast for gaming, but hard to draw with.
    • Alternative mice are often used by people with repetitive strain injuries (RSI).

    Joystick and Cursor Keys

    • Joysticks use pressure and buttons to signal movement;
    • Cursor keys are very simple, very cheap, but slow.
    • Both are good for text editing.

    Touch-Sensitive Screen

    • Direct touch input on screens is good for menu selection and is clean for use in hostile environments.
    • Finger imprecision is a drawback, impacting accuracy with small selections and fine detail.

    Stylus and Light Pen

    • Stylus and light pens are direct input devices that are typically used with tablets, PDAs, tablets computers. Light pens are now rarely used. Both can obscure screens in use.

    Eyegaze

    • Eyegaze technology uses eye movements to control computer interfaces, providing hands-free input.
    • Very high accuracy is required, and these devices often comprise a headset.
    • Eyegaze technology is used in VR and AR.

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    Related Documents

    Chapter 2: The Computer - Human-Computer Interaction PDF

    Description

    Explore the fundamentals of human-computer interaction in this chapter. Learn about input and output devices, processing speed, memory types, and the evolution towards interactive computing. Understand how various elements come together to form a computer system, as well as the integration of sensors into everyday technology.

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